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Файл:Let’s Learn English with Pleasure. English Grammar in Use. Учебное пособие по английскому языку
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Времена группы Perfect
Упражнение 340. Вставьте глаголы в скобках в Future Perfect.
Example: He … (to pack) the suitcase by tomorrow. — He will have packed
the suitcase by tomorrow.
1. Rae … (to repair) her bike next week. 2. We … (to do) the washing by
8 o’clock. 3. She … (to visit) Paris by the end of next year. 4. I … (to finish)
this by 6 o’clock. 5. Sam … (to leave) by next week. 6. She … (to discuss) this
with her mother tonight. 7. The police … (to arrest) the murderer in one month
time. 8. They … (to write) their essay by tomorrow. 9. Ralph … (to manage) the
teams. 10. If we can do that — then we … (to fulfil) our mission.
Упражнение 341. Переведите на английский язык.
1. Фильм закончится до 9 вечера. 2. Завтра к этому времени мы уже
уедем в Токио? 3. До того времени, как он доберется сюда, я уже уеду
в Канаду. 4. Закончит ли она домашнее задание до того, как вернется ее
мама? 5. Учитель выяснит правду до того, как она позвонит. 6. До пятницы я не закончу эту работу. 7. Мой сын уже закончит рисовать красками
до того, как я вернусь. 8. Автобус не уедет к тому времени, как мы приедем
на вокзал. 9. Они (уже) отгрузят товары к тому времени. 10. Он уже поговорит с тобой, когда начнется встреча?
Упражнение 342. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. I’m sure they will have arrived home by five o’clock tonight. 2. Scientists
(ученые) will have learnt to control the weather (погода) by 2020. 3. Will the
sportsmen have run thirty or forty kilometres by the end of the race? 4. What
will you have done by that time? 5. Who will they have met at the station by the
time the train arrives?
Упражнение 343. Раскройте скобки, употребляя Future Simple или
Future Perfect.
1. Не (write) the letter by five o’clock tomorrow. 2. He (write) a letter
tomorrow. 3. We (have dinner) soon. 4. We (have dinner) by this time tomorrow.
5. We (pass) all our exams by the first of July. 6. I (show) him the Kremlin. 7. My
friends (come) to visit me. 8. He (finish) this report by the end of the day.
Упражнение 344. Выберите правильную форму глагола.
1. Julia (finish) all the housework by three o’clock and we’ll go for a walk.
a) will finish b) will have finished
2. I promise I (get) in touch with you if I need your help.
a) will get b) will have got
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ГЛАГОЛ (THE VERB)
3. We are going to buy a car. By the end of next month our family (save)
money for it.
a) will save b) will have saved
4. The workers say that they (build up) a district by the beginning of 2000.
a) will build up b) will have built up
5. He probably never (be) patient.
a) will probably never be b) will probably never have been
6. She (have lunch) by the time we arrive.
a) will have b) will have had
7. If you think it over, you (see) that I’m right.
a) will see b) will have seen
Упражнение 345. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную по смыслу
временную форму.
А. It is said that over 2000 years ago a shepherd named Magnet who (live)
in Asia Minor, (find) one day that some small hard black stones (cling) to the
iron-tipped stick that he (carry). So the name of magnet (be given) to these
stones, but for many hundreds of years this substance (be) of no use. In recent
years people (begin) to use magnets extensively in science and industry.
В. We (have) exceedingly hot weather this month. The sun (shine)
continually and the water in the brooks and streams fast (dry up). Look at this
brooklet. You (believe) that if it (rain) tomorrow, there (be) a powerful stream
instead of it, and that by the end of the second day the water (overflow) its
banks? It (be) the same last year. Before the rainy weather (set in), people
(suffer) from the drought, the grass (dry up) and all the leaves (wither).
Упражнение 346. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в нужную
форму.
1. We (to come) home by the evening tomorrow. 2. We (to finish) this
project by the end of the next week. 3. She (to do) homework by five o’clock
tomorrow. 4. When I come home tomorrow, my family (to have) lunch. 5. You
(to complete) the project by the end of the week. 6. I (to finish playing) tennis
by 7 p.m. 7. You (to do) this project by next Friday.
Упражнение 347. Поставьте глагол, данный в скобках, в Future
Perfect.
1. We hope they … safely in Paris by that time. (to land) 2. She … all about
him by the time he returns. (to forget) 3. By what time … your paper? (you / to
finish) 4. She … the house before you return. (to leave) 5. When the uncle returns
from Australia his son … up. (to grow). 6. By the end of this year I … English very
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Времена группы Perfect Continuous
well. (to learn) 7. I’ll need this magazine, so … it through by morning? (you / to
look) 8. If you come at 9 the concert … . (to finish) 9. We mustn’t be late. They …
everything by the time we come. (to eat) 10. Before they choose a suitable house
they … hundreds of them. (to see) 11. When you go out it … raining. (to stop)
12. By the end of May she … all the exams. (to pass)
Упражнение 348. Закончите предложение, выбрав нужное обстоя-
тельство времени.
1. I shall finish the work … . — I shall have finished the work … .
a) at 3 b) by 3
2. The concert will have finished … . — The concert will finish … .
a) in the evening b) by the evening
3. The actors will discuss the play … . — The actors will have discussed the
play … .
a) by the 1st of March b) on the 1st of March
4. We shall read the article … . — We shall have read the article … .
a) on Monday b) by Monday
5. They will have had dinner … . — They will have dinner … .
a) when I come home b) by the time I come home
6. She will have left … . — She will leave … .
a) when the taxi arrives b) by the time the taxi arrives
Упражнение 349. Переведите выделенную часть предложения.
1. Он вернется at 6 o’clock.
2. Он вернется by 6 o’clock.
3. Я закончу работу by Monday.
4. Я закончу работу on Saturday.
5. Джон отправит письмо when you are away.
6. Джон отправит письмо before you come.
7. Марта возьмет кота at that time.
8. Марта возьмет кота by that time.
ВРЕМЕНА ГРУППЫ PERFECT CONTINUOUS
The Present Perfect Continuous Tense.
Настоящее совершенное длительное время
Выражает:
– действие, которое началось в прошлом и все еще совершается
в настоящее время (в русском языке соответствует настоящему времени):
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ГЛАГОЛ (THE VERB)
They have been translating the text for two hours. — Они переводят
текст два часа.
В этом случае, как правило, указывается, как долго совершается дан-
ное действие;
– действие, которое началось в прошлом и завершилось непосредственно перед началом речи (в русском языке соответствует прошедшему
времени):
Why are her eyes so red? — She has been crying. — Почему у нее такие
красные глаза? — Она только что плакала.
Утвердительное
предложение
I
we we we
you you you
they they they
she she she
have
he
has
it it it
been
Ving
been
Ving
Вопросительное
предложение
What
Where
Why
How
have
has
he
Отрицательное
предложение
I
been
Ving
been
Ving
I
haven’t
he
hasn’t
He has been working as a teacher for 25 years.
Has he been working as a teacher for 25 years?
He hasn’t been working as a teacher for 25 years.
How long has he been working as a teacher?
Упражнение 350. Сопоставьте.
1. Your clothes are dirty. a) It’s been raining.
2. You’re completely out of breath. b) I’ve been cooking chips.
3. Your eyes are red. c) I’ve been painting the fence.
4. You look bored. d) I’ve been skiing since I was 5.
5. The streets are wet. e) I’ve been missing her.
6. You’re very good at skiing, aren’t you? f) I’ve peeling onions.
7. Jane is back from the States. g) A dog has been chasing me.
8. What’s the smell in the kitchen? h) I’ve been learning History.
been
Ving
been
Ving
Упражнение 351. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие глаголы в форме Present Perfect Continuous: cook, rise, go out, drive, wait,
look, play, learn, try, walk.
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Времена группы Perfect Continuous
1. Here you are at last! We … for you for half an hour! 2. Here’s my
calculator! I … for it for a few days! 3. This task is too difficult. I … to solve it for
over an hour and I still have no idea how to do it. 4. They’re a very good team.
They … together for over a year. 5. Why don’t we sit down and have a rest? —
We … for a few hours. 6. Mary speaks very good English, doesn’t she? — Yes,
but she … it since she was a kid. 7. My dad loves his old car. He … it since
1990. 8. We’re afraid of flood. The level of water in the river … continuously for
a week. 9. I think Jack and Sheila are a perfect couple. They … together for over
a month. 10. The meat should be ready by now. I … it for a long time.
Упражнение 352. Составьте вопросы к предложенным ответам.
Example: How long have they been living here? — They’ve been living here
for a year.
1. _______________________________________________________________
— She’s been teaching us since September.
2. _______________________________________________________________
— We’ve been driving for eight hours.
3. _______________________________________________________________
— Harry has been playing tennis since 4 o’clock.
4. _______________________________________________________________
— I’ve been waiting for the bus for about a quarter.
5. _______________________________________________________________
— They’ve been talking for over an hour.
6. _______________________________________________________________
— She’s been working since morning.
Упражнение 353. Переведите на английский язык.
1. В последнее время вы много работаете. 2. Она преподает английский
уже семь лет. 3. Я читаю этот роман уже три дня. 4. Я живу здесь всю жизнь.
5. Я весь день готовлюсь к экзамену. 6. Он занимается этим исследованием
последние 10 лет. 7. Я пытаюсь до тебя дозвониться три дня! 8. Давно ждете
автобус? — Минут 15. 9. Сколько времени ты живешь в Париже? 10. Сколько
времени он изучает французский? — Лет 5. 11. Давно вы встречаетесь?
12. Сколько времени вы делаете эту работу? 13. Давно они гостят у вас?
14. Давно вы изучаете английский? 15. Сколько лет вы учитесь в этом колледже? 16. Вы давно здесь сидите? 17. Вы давно читаете эту книгу?
Упражнение 354. Прочитайте предложения. Исправьте ошибки,
если это необходимо.
1. I live next door to Mike for 10 years. 2. She is sleeping for 10 hours now.
3. He hasn’t been playing with us for over a year now. 4. Mrs Trent works in our
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ГЛАГОЛ (THE VERB)
school for 20 years. 5. The police are looking for a dangerous criminal since
yesterday. 6. Tom, time to go to bed! You have been watching TV for 3 hours!
Упражнение 355. Составьте вопросы по образцу.
Example: Your face is dirty! (you / eat / chocolate again) — Have you been
eating chocolate again?
1. I’m sorry I’m late. (you / wait long) 2. Dave and Ron look strange. (they /
fight again) 3. She smells of beer! (she / drink) 4. The Scrabble tiles are lying
all over the floor! (you / play it) 5. John, here you are at last! — Well, I guess I
am. (you / look for me)
Упражнение 356. Составьте предложения, используя for или since.
Example: She works in our school. She started working here last year. —
She has been working in our school for a year. / She has been working in our
school since last year.
1. David collects stamps. He started collecting them five years ago. 2. They
moved to Chicago two years ago. 3. She went to bed ten hours ago. She is still
sleeping. 4. Josh got his computer three years ago. He is still using it. 5. The
plane took off two hours ago. We’re still on that plane. 6. My grandma came to
stay with us three weeks ago.
Упражнение 357. Выберите правильный вариант.
1. He (have / has) been studying French for 2 years. 2. How (long / much)
have you been working for the company? 3. My friend has been (trying / tried)
to find a new job since last week. 4. (What time / How long) has your father
been living abroad? 5. Peter has been surfing the net (for / since) two o’clock.
6. I haven’t been driving a car (since / for) ages! 7. I have (been/being) watching
them all day. 8. We (haven’t / don’t have) been talking for a long time. 9. (Have
you / You have) been playing the game since 2 o’clock? 10. It (has / was) been
raining all day.
Упражнение 358. Выберите правильный вариант.
1. He is tired because he … looking for a birthday present.
a) has been running around the town;
b) have been running around the town;
c) has being run around the town.
2. She is angry with Harold though he … every day lately.
a) is been sending her flowers;
b) has been sending her flowers;
c) hasn’t been sending her flowers.
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Времена группы Perfect Continuous
3. I have a headache because I … all day.
a) have been working on the computer;
b) haven’t been working on the computer;
c) have being worked on the computer.
4. The children are excited, they … hide and seek all afternoon.
a) been playing;
b) hasn’t been playing;
c) have been playing.
5. My feet hurt because I … all day.
a) haven’t been shopping;
b) have been shopping;
c) has been shopping.
6. I … to fix this fax for an hour.
a) have been trying;
b) has been trying;
c) hasn’t been trying.
7. … has Max been working for your company?
a) How much;
b) How long;
c) What time.
8. She has been wearing glasses … she was 12.
a) since;
b) for;
c) –.
9. Mr Brown has been running the business … ten years already.
a) since;
b) for;
c) –.
10. Sandy … an efficient manager.
a) have always been;
b) has always been;
c) hasn’t always been.
Упражнение 359. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Continuous
или Present Perfect Continuous.
1. Maria (learn) English for two years. 2. Hello, Tom. I (look) for you all
morning. Where have you been? 3. Why (you / look) at me like that? Stop it!
4. We always go to Ireland for our holidays. We (go) there for years. 5. I (think)
about what you said and I’ve decided to take your advice. 6. Is Ann on holiday this
week? — No, she (work). 7. Sarah is very tired. She (work) very hard recently.
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ГЛАГОЛ (THE VERB)
Упражнение 360. Выберете правильный вариант: Present Perfect,
Present Perfect Continuous или Present Continuous.
1. (Have you read / Have you been reading) that newspaper yet? Can I have
it? 2. How long (have you been cleaning / have you cleaned) that car? (Haven’t
you finished / Have you been finishing) it yet? 3. How long (have you known /
have you been knowing) Rosa? 4. He (is living / has been living) in Manchester
since 1990. 5. She (has liked / has been liking) you since she saw you at that
party. 6. I’m sorry I’m late. How long (have you been waiting / are you waiting)?
7. (I’ve played / I’ve been playing tennis) twice this week. 8. It’s (been raining /
is raining) here all morning. It started at eight.
Упражнение 361. Составьте предложения в Present Perfect и Preset
Perfect Continuous.
Example: Tom is reading a book. He has started two hours ago and he is on
page 53.
(he / read / for two hours) He has been reading for two hours.
(he / read / 53 pages so far) He has read 53 pages so far. (so far — досих
пор, пока еще, пока)
A. Linda is from Australia. Now she is traveling round Europe. She began
her tour three months ago.
1) (she / travel / around Europe for three months);
2) (she / visit / six countries so far).
B. Jimmy is a tennis champion. He began playing tennis when he was
11 years old. Now he has just won the national championship for the fourth time.
1) (he / play tennis / since he was 11);
2) (he / win / the national championship four times).
C. Bill and Andy make films. They start making films together when they
left college.
1) (they / make / films since they left college);
2) (they / make / ten films since they left college).
Упражнение 362. Раскройте скобки, поставьте глагол в правиль-
ную форму.
Example: I (lost) have lost my key. Can you help me look for it?
You look tired. Have you been working (you / work) hard?
1. Look! Somebody (break) that window. 2. I (read) the book you gave me
but I (not / finished) it yet. 3. Sorry I’m late. — That’s all right. I (not / wait)
long. 4. Hello! I (clean) the windows. So far I (clean) five of them and there are
two more to do. 5. There is a strange smell here (you / cook) something? 6. My
brother is an actor. He (appear) in several films.
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Времена группы Perfect Continuous
Упражнение 363. Поставьте глагол в скобках в нужное время.
1. Why are you sad, Charlie? — I (lose) my book. I (look) for it for two hours
and I can’t find it. 2. The bird (sing) behind my window all the day long. 3. Do
you like Mary’s roses? She (grow) them three years. She (make)a wonderful
garden. 4. You (give)food to the cat yet? 5. What a wonderful bird! Is it your
new pet? You (catch) it? — No, it’s my friend’s. I (look) after it since my friend
went to see her grandparents. 6. Tom is tired. He (build) a nestling box since
morning. — He (finish) it? 7. Ann has a wonderful voice. — Oh, yes. Today she
(sing) since eight in the morning. In fact, she (sing) for three hours. You ever
(be) to her concert?
Упражнение 364. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя гла-
голы в Present Perfect или Present Continuous.
1. Она все еще печатает свою статью. 2. Мы ее давно не видели.
3. Бабушка с дедушкой уже навестили своих внуков. 4. Сейчас они сидят
в гостиной и разговаривают о своей поездке. 5. Ты когда-нибудь был
в Африке? 6. Он все сделал для нее. Теперь он еще собирается купить ей
дом. 7. Концерт еще не начался, и мы сидим в зале и обсуждаем свои проблемы. 8. Подожди меня! Я не взяла деньги. 9. Я только что позавтракал.
10. Он уже позавтракал. 11. Особняк стоял (и продолжает стоять) на этой
точке уже как 200 лет. 12. Центр этого острова не был заселен в течение
50 лет. 13. Я голодный. Я ничего не ел с завтрака. 14. Мы не виделись
в течение долгого времени.
Упражнение 365. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present
Continuous или Present Simple.
1. I (not to know) what to give my brother for his birthday. 2. They (to
want) publish this book in July? 3. She (to think) he (to drive) dangerously.
4. He (to understand) that he (to eat) noisily, but he always (to forget) about it.
5. Who that man (to be) who (to stand) in the doorway? 6. I (to have) no time
now, I (to have) dinner. 7. Your family (to leave) St. Petersburg in summer? —
Yes, we always (to go) to the seaside. We all (to like) the sea. Mother (to stay)
with us to the end of August, but father (to return) much earlier. 8. Where Tom
and Nick (to be) now? — They (to have) a smoke in the garden. 9. What you (to
do) here now? — We (to listen) to tape recordings. 10. You (to want) to see my
father? — Yes, I … . 11. Michael (to know) German rather well. He (to want) to
know English, too, but he (to have) little time for it now. 12. What magazine you
(to read)? — It (to be) a French magazine. There (to be) good articles on sports
here. You (to be) interested in sports? — Yes, I … , but I (not to know) French.
13. We (to have) an English lesson now. 14. He (to feel) in a position to lend her
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ГЛАГОЛ (THE VERB)
money. 15. I (to think) she (not to feel) safe there. 16. You (to see) what I (to
mean)? 17. You (to hear) what she (to say)? 18. He (not to feel) at liberty to tell
you the truth. 19. Ron has got a new job. He (to earn) a fortune as a managing
director. They (to think) he (to be) a bag of money.
Упражнение 366. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном
из следующих времен: Present Indefinite, Present Continuous, Present
Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous.
1. He (to run) now. He (to run) for ten minutes without any rest. 2. What
they (to do) now? — They (to work) in the reading-room. They (to work) there
for already three hours. 3. Where he (be) now? — He (to be) in the garden. He
(to play) volley-ball with his friends. They (to play) since breakfast time. 4. I (to
live) in St. Petersburg. I (to live) in St.Petersburg since 1990. 5. She already (to
dо) homework for two hours; but she (not yet to do) half of it. 6. I (to wait) for
you since two o’clock. 7. What you (to do)? — I (to read). I (to read) for already
two hours. I already (to read) sixty pages. 8. This man (to be) a writer. He (to
write) books. He (to write) books since he was a young man. He already (to
write) eight books.
Упражнение 367. Переведите на английский язык.
1. Он опять смотрит ТВ. По-моему, он смотрит его с самого утра. 2. Кто
взял мою ручку? Я ищу ее уже несколько минут. 3. Мы уже уложили вещи.
Теперь ждем такси. 4. Сколько времени она уже говорит по телефону?
5. Они женаты с 1992 г. 6. Погода ужасная. Часто идут дожди. 7. Где же ты
был все это время? Мы искали тебя повсюду. 8. Мы работаем вместе уже
пятнадцать лет и привыкли понимать друг друга. 9. Я слышал, вы многого
добились в жизни. 10. Что с тобой случилось? 11. К пяти часам он нанес все
необходимые визиты. Сейчас он отдыхает.
Упражнение 368. Поставьте глагол в одном из следующих времен:
Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect Simple или Present
Perfect Continuous.
1. Oh, dear! Look out of the window. It (rain). — Oh, no. I (not bring) my
umbrella. 2. My uncle (know) everything about roses. He (grow) them for 35 years.
Now he (try) to produce a blue one. 3. I (listen) to you for the past half an hour,
but I’m afraid I (not understand) a word. 4. What’s the matter? — I (read) in
my room and the light isn’t very good. I (have) a headache. It’s really hurting.
5. What you (do)? — I (write) a letter. 6. You (sit) at the desk for hours. Is
it a difficult letter? — I’m exhausted. I (work) all day, and I (not finish) yet.
7. I (visit) many countries in the last five years. 8. Someone (take) my books.
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