Bridge to clinical psychology. Часть I. Учебное пособие для студентов факультета клинической психологии

Образование и особенность перевода основных глагольных времен.

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Simple Tenses. Training exercises:

I. Read and translate the sentences:

1. We go to the laboratory every day. 2. Doctor examines the admitted girl. 3. The nurse took the patient’s temperature. 4. I work at a hospital. 5. The students usually finish their studies at five o’clock. 6. Patient complains of a bad headache. 7. Tomorrow we shall speak about the symptoms of that disease. 8.The teacher will ask many questions at the lesson. 9. They discussed these problems once more.

II. Make the sentences interrogative and negative:

1. My sister will come here at 9 o’clock. 2. The students live in a hostel. 3. I study chemistry. 4. Many students began research work. 5. He returned home in time. 6. We shall translate this article. 7. He writes the report to the conference.

III. Put the verb in a proper form:

1. My brother (to work) much every day. 2. In some years he (to work) at a hospital. 3. Last year my brother and I (to study) at school. 4. Next week we (to make) a report at a conference. 5. Usually they (to begin) their lessons at half past eight.

Progressive Tenses. Training exercises:

I. Translate into Russian:

1. Ann is writing a letter to her mother. 2. A group of students is going home. 3. Yesterday from 5 till 7 I was preparing for the seminar. 4. Tomorrow at 10 o’clock he will be carrying out a difficult operation. 5. We were translating the article when he came in.

II. Make the sentences interrogative and negative:

1.He was working at that question for an hour. 2. My sister is suffering from headache. 3. I am taking the temperature. 4. You were making the penicillin injection. 5. The patients are taking medicines.

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Perfect Tenses. Training exercises:

I. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. They have already finished their work. 2. We have come home by 5 o’clock. 3. Peter’s brother has written a letter to his friend. 4. I shall have graduated from the University before my brother enters it. 5. The professor had delivered three lectures yesterday. 6. They had done their work before we came there. 7. The students will have demonstrated the results of that experiment.

II. Make the sentences interrogative and negative:

1.The workers have built the house. 2.My friend had been to Moscow. 3.Professor has just published his new book. 4.The doctor will have discharged the patient by the end of the week. 5.They had carried out that experiment.

III. Fill in with «have, has, had, will have, shall have»: a) Present Perfect

1. I … (to lose) my copy-book. 2. The doctor … (to make) the operation. 3. We … (to finish) the translation of the text. 4. His friends … (to become) good specialists. 5. You … (to write) the work in time.

b) Past Perfect

1. The teacher … (to ask) several questions. 2. He … (to get) all the necessary information. 3. They … (to graduate) from the University that year. 4. We … (to do) that work at the laboratory. 5. The students … (to pass) the exams by the end of that week.

c) Future Perfect

1. We … (to get) the letter by the end of the next week. 2. He … (to come) by 5 o’clock. 3. They … (to solve) that problem. 4. I … (to learn) all the words. 5. My sister … (to return) by the end of the month.

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Местоимение

Личные местоимения в общем падеже соответствуют местоимениям именительного падежа русского языка. В предложении являются подлежащим:

I, you, he, she, it, we, they.

Личные местоимения в объектном падеже соответствуют пяти остальным падежам русского языка. В предложении являются дополнением:

me, him, her, it, us, you, them.

Притяжательные местоимения (зависимая форма) отвечают на вопрос «чей?» и всегда стоят перед существительным, то есть являются в предложении определениями:

my, his, her, its, our, your, their.

Притяжательные местоимения (абсолютная форма) употребляются самостоятельно, т.е. без последующего существительного:

mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs.

Training exercises:

I.Read and translate the sentences:

1.My friend fell ill last week. He has pneumonia. 2. I was talking to her in the street yesterday. 3. They were in many countries. 4. We shall go to this hospital next week. 5. We are working in our garden. 6. I took this book from my friend. 7. They will show you how to get there. 8. This pencil is mine. Yours is on the table. 9. Our teacher told us about this phenomenon. 10. It will be cold tomorrow.

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II. Change the underlined nouns into the pronouns:

1. The patient followed the doctor’s instructions. 2. This treatment was complex. 3. My brother’s children go to school. 4. The doctor gave the patient a sick-leave. 5. The nurse gives injections. 6. The studies contain interesting facts. 7. The doctor prescribes medicine for headache.

III. Use these sentences in plural:

1. I am a student. 2. She is in the fourth form. 3. He will be a doctor. 4. He was 18. 5. I shall be a clinical psychologist.

IV. Fill in the blanks with the pronouns in a proper form. Translate the sentences:

1. I know … and … children. (he, him, his) 2. He is waiting for … . (I, me, my) 3. The professor read … an interesting lecture yesterday. (we, us, our) 4. The colour of … eyes is black. (she, her) 5. … is an well-known doctor. (he, him, his) 6. She will attend the conference. She will attend … in November. (it, its) 7. We like … work. (we, us, our)

V. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Он показал мне свою статью. 2. Вчера мы ходили на лекцию. Она была очень интересной. 3. Его сестра учится в нашем институте. 4. Я приду к тебе завтра в 5 часов. 5. Их анализы будут сделаны через два дня. 6. Ты их знаешь? Они студенты второго курса. 7. Расскажите нам о своей работе.

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Формы и функции глагола «to be»

«to be» – быть, находиться, являться

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Функции глагола «to be»

I. смысловой глагол (быть, находиться, являться) «to be» + предлог

there, here (указательное местоимение)

I am in the room. Я нахожусь в комнате.

II. вспомогательный глагол (указывает на время)

1. Progressive Tenses «to be + 4 форма смыслового глагола» We are going to the institute. Мы идем в институт.

2.Passive Voice «to be + 3 форма смыслового глагола» The book was read. Книгу читали.

III.глагол-связка (указывает на время) «to be» + существительное

прилагательное

числительное

инфинитив

IV.эквивалент модального глагола «must»

«to be + инфинитив»

We are to meet at 5 o’clock. Мы должны встретиться в 5 часов.

Training exercises:

I. Translate into Russian:

1. Their son is a schoolboy. 2. He will be a second-year student next year. 3. They were at the University yesterday. 4. His father is a good surgeon. 5. I am on duty today. 6. I shall be a doctor in 2 years. 7. They were absent last time. 8. I was back in a week. 9. My mother is ill now.

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II. Make the sentences interrogative and negative:

1. She is in the village now. 2. They are under his care. 3. She was seriously ill. 4. You are the first year student. 5. The crisis will be over in a week. 6. The students were present at the lecture yesterday. 7. We shall be glad to see you. 8. Mary is a good student. 9. My friend was in Moscow last year.

III. Use the plural form:

1.She is at the hospital. 2. I am in the dining-room. 3. He was ill.

4.He will be a teacher. 5. She is in the first form. 6. I am at the English lesson now. 7. This day is cold.

IV. Fill in the blanks with a proper form of the verb «to be»:

1. You … at the English lesson now. 2. He … at the conference last week. 3. I … on duty tomorrow. 4. She …20 next year. 5. … you well now? Yes, I … . 6. His temperature … high now. 7. The doctor … back next week. 8. The winter … cold last year. 9. They … in Moscow 2 years ago. 10. The students … in the library now. 11. The crisis

…over in 3 days.

V. Translate into English using the following word combinations: to be free, to be busy, to be on duty, to be present, to be absent, to be late:

1. Я обычно свободен вечером. 2. Я бываю занят утром. 3. Вы всегда заняты утром? – Да. 4. Кто дежурит? – Я. 5. Когда она дежурит? – Она будет дежурить завтра. 6. Студенты присутствовали на этой лекции. 7. Почему сегодня отсутствует студентка Иванова? 8. Моя сестра никогда не опаздывает на занятия. 9. Почему ты так поздно сегодня?

VI. Define the function of the verb «to be» and translate the sentences:

1. The operating table is in the operating room. 2. I am examining a new patient now. 3. That child was seriously ill with pneumonia. 4. They were making blood analyses at that time yesterday. 5. You

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are to go to our laboratory. 6. Your task is to apply a new method of treatment. 7. My friend was to be taken to the hospital two days ago. 8. Petrov was admitted to the hospital last week. 9. She will be in the library in the evening. 10. Doctor Ivanov is a good specialist in lung diseases. 11. The nurse is preparing the instruments for the operation at this moment. 12. The results of the X-ray examination were normal. 13. He is to come to the doctor in three days. 14. The patient’s condition was good. 15. The results of the operation were satisfactory. 16. Doctor’s duty is to treat patients. 17. The wounded man was moaning the whole morning. 18. The boy was taken to the operating room. 19. They are in the laboratory. 20. This drug is to be taken before meals.

Формы и функции глагола «to have»

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спряжение глагола в Future Simple

Функции глагола «to have»

I. смысловой глагол ( иметь )

I have a watch. У меня есть часы.

II. вспомогательный глагол (не переводится, а указывает на время)

Perfect Tenses «to have + 3 форма смыслового глагола»

I have written the case report. Я написал историю болезни. III. эквивалент модального глагола «must»

«to have + инфинитив»

I have to write a case report. Я должен написать историю болезни.

Training exercises:

I. Translate into Russian:

1. I have many friends. 2. My sister has two children. 3. We shall have a rest in the village next year. 4. The child had a complication after scarlet fever. 5. They will have a conference next week. 6. She was seriously ill. 7. The temperature is high now. 8. We shall be doctors in several years. 9. I have bad teeth. 10. She has relatives in Moscow. 11. They had an examination yesterday.

II. Make the sentences interrogative and negative:

1. She has a cavity in the tooth. 2. That man had an English textbook. 3. We have some Journals now. 4. Your sister had a good mark for his test. 5. I have two brothers. 6. Mark has a bad cough. 7. They will have much free time tomorrow. 8. That student had two lectures yesterday. 9. We shall have three exams next session.

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