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Файл:Understanding the law ВСЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ.doc
X
- •Vocabulary Notes
- •Reading Comprehension
- •I.Scanning.
- •II. Skimming.
- •Vocabulary Work
- •IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions.
- •V. Give definitions of these words. Use the dictionary. Suggest the word-combinations in which these words can be used.
- •VI. Match the words on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •VIII. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
- •IX. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box.
- •X. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the active vocabulary.
- •I. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Explain why.
- •II. Answer these questions about the text.
- •III. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
- •IV. Discuss these issues.
- •V. Find the information in the Internet on the following themes and make presentations in class.
- •Chapter II The Law and its Importance
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary Notes
- •I. Scanning
- •II. Skimming.
- •Vocabulary Work
- •I. Suggest Russian equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •II. Suggest English equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions.
- •V. Give definitions of these words. Use the dictionary. Suggest the word-combinations in which these words can be used.
- •VI. Match the words on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian .
- •VIII. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box.
- •IX. Translate the sentences from Russian into English with the active vocabulary.
- •I. Read the extract, discuss it and give your definition of law.
- •Vocabulary Notes
- •I. Scanning
- •II. Skimming
- •Vocabulary Work
- •I. Suggest Russian equivalents of these expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •II. Suggest English equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •III. Match the expression on the left (a) with their proper translations on the right (b).
- •IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions.
- •V. Give definitions of these words. Use the dictionary. Suggest the word- combinations in which these words can be used.
- •VI. Match the words on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •IX. Fill in the gaps with appropriate prepositions from the box.
- •X. Translate these sentences into English using the Active Vocabulary:
- •I. Answer the questions about the text:
- •II. Read the part “Common Law” and say whether the following statements are true or false. Explain why.
- •III. Read the part “Equity”. In pairs find different information.
- •IV. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
- •V. Discuss these issues.
- •VI. Find the information in the Internet on the following themes and make presentations in class.
- •Chapter IV The Invisible Palace Part II The Constitution
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary Notes:
- •I. Scanning
- •II. Skimming
- •Vocabulary Work
- •I. Suggest Russian equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •II. Suggest English equivalents of the following words and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •III. Match the expressions on the left (a) with their proper translation on the right (b).
- •IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions
- •V. Give definitions of these words. Use the dictionary. Suggest the word-combinations in which these words can be used.
- •VI. Match the words and word combination on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents
- •VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •VIII. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
- •IX Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box, if necessary.
- •X Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the active vocabulary
- •I. Say whether the following statements are true of false
- •II. Answer the questions about the text.
- •III. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
- •Vocabulary Notes
- •I. Scanning.
- •II. Skimming
- •Vocabulary Work
- •I. Suggest Russian equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •II. Suggest English equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •III. Match the expressions on the left (a) with their proper translation on the right (b).
- •IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions.
- •V. Give definitions of these words. Use the dictionary. Suggest the word-combinations in which these words can be used.
- •I. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Explain why.
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary notes
- •II. Skimming.
- •Vocabulary Work
- •I. Suggest Russian equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •II. Suggest English equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •III. Match the expressions on the left (a) with their proper translation on the right (b).
- •IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions.
- •V. Give definitions of these words. Use the dictionary. Suggest the word-combinations in which these words can be used.
- •VI. Match the words on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •VIII. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
- •IX. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box.
- •X. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the active vocabulary.
- •I. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Explain why.
- •II. Answer these questions about the text.
- •III. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
- •IV. Discuss these issues.
- •V. Find the information in the Internet on the following themes and make presentations in class.
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary Notes
- •I. Scanning.
- •II. Skimming.
- •Vocabuary Work
- •I. Suggest Russian equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •II. Suggest English equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •III. Match the expressions on the left (a) with their proper translation on the right (b)
- •IV. Guess the concepts of the following definitions:
- •V. Give definitions of these words.
- •VI. Match the words on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Translate the text from English into Russian.
- •1918 Chapter 47
- •VIII. Complete the sentences with the words from the box below.
- •IX. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box.
- •X. Translate the text from Russian into English using the active vocabulary.
- •I. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Explain why.
- •II. Answer the questions about the text.
- •III. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
- •IV. Discuss the following issues.
- •V. Find the information in the Internet on the following themes and make presentations in class.
- •Chapter VII Our Law Upholders – the Judiciary
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary Work
- •I. Suggest Russian equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •II. Suggest English equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •III. Match the expressions on the left (a) with their proper translation on the right (b).
- •IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions.
- •V. Give definitions of the following words and word combinations.
- •VI. Match the words and word combinations on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •VIII. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
- •IX. Fill in the appropriate prepositions from the box.
- •X. Translate these sentences from Russian into English using active vocabulary.
- •I. Translate these sentences from Russian into English paying attention to the Passive voice.
- •I. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Explain why.
- •II. Answer the questions about the text.
- •III. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
- •IV. Working in pairs find the information on the following themes.
- •V. Discuss the following issues.
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary Notes
- •Vocabulary Work
- •V. Give definitions of these words. Use the dictionary. Suggest the word–combinations in which these words can be used.
- •VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •III. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
- •IV. Discuss these issues.
- •Chapter XII
- •Vocabulary notes
- •I. Scanning
- •II. Skimming
- •Vocabulary Work
- •I. Suggest Russian equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •II. Suggest English equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •III. Match the expressions on the left (a) with their proper translation on the right (b).
- •IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions.
- •V. Give definitions of the following words and word combinations.
- •VI. Match the words and word combinations on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •VIII. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
- •Imelda marcos acquitted
- •IX. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box.
- •X. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English
- •II. Answer the question about the text.
- •III. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
- •IV. Working in pairs find the information on the following themes.
- •V. Discuss the following issues.
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary notes
- •I. Scanning
- •II. Skimming
- •Vocabulary Work
- •II. Suggest English equivalents of the following expressions and use them in the sentences based on the text.
- •III. Match the expressions on the left (a) with their proper translation on the right (b)
- •IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions.
- •V. Give definitions of the following words and word combinations.
- •VI. Match the words and word combinations on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •VIII. Complete the sentences with the words in the box and answer the questions after the article.
- •IX. Complete the sentences with the words from the box. Comment on the case.
- •X. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions.
- •XI. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.
- •I. Analyze the following sentences paying attention to the use of the modal verbs and their equivalents. Explain their meaning. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •I. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Explain why.
- •III. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
- •IV. Working in pairs find the information on the following themes.
- •V. Discuss the following issues.
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary notes:
- •Vocabulary Work
- •I. Suggest Russian equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •II. Suggest English equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •III. Match the expressions on the left (a) with their proper translation on the right (b).
- •IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions:
- •V. Give definitions of these words. Use the dictionary. Suggest the word - combinations in which these words can be used.
- •VI. Match the words on the left (a) with the definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian:
- •VIII. Complete the sentences with the words from the box:
- •IX. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box if necessary.
- •X. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the active vocabulary:
- •I. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Explain why.
- •II. Answer the questions about the text.
- •III. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
- •IV. Discuss the following issues.
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary Notes
- •Vocabulary Work
- •IX. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box.
- •X. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using the active vocabulary.
- •I. Remember if these juridical noun-terms from Chapter 21 are countable, uncountable or both.
- •II. Give your own examples illustrating the fact that the nouns from the 3d column can be both countable and uncountable.
- •III. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
- •IV. Discuss the following issues.
- •V. Find the information on the Internet on the following themes and make presentations in class.
- •Part II Chapter 6 Our Chief Law Enforces – the Police
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary Work
- •I. Suggest Russian equivalents of the following expressions.
- •I. Suggest English equivalents of the following expressions and use them in sentences of your own based on the text.
- •IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions.
- •V. Give definitions of these words. Use the dictionary. Suggest the word-combinations in which these words can be used.
- •VI. Match the words on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Complete the text with the words from the box.
- •VIII. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions or adverbs where necessary.
- •IX. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using the active vocabulary.
- •II. Do a written translation of the following sentences analysing the use of the Gerund.
- •III. Translate the following attributive groups:
- •IV. Explain the use of Perfect forms in the following sentences and translate them into Russian:
- •I. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Explain why.
- •II. What do you make of the article? Answer the questions about the text.
- •III. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
- •Vocabulary Notes
- •1. Scanning.
- •II. Skimming.
- •Vocabulary Work
- •VII. Read the following nouns pronouncing them correctly:
- •VIII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •IX. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box.
- •X. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the active vocabulary.
- •I. Find the following phrases in the text:
- •II. Translate the following sentences into Russian.
- •III. Now translate the following sentences into Russian.
- •I. Say whether each of these statements is true or false. Correct the wrong statements if any.
- •II. Answer these questions.
- •III. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarise it.
- •Vocabulary Notes
- •I. Scanning
- •II. Skimming
- •Vocabulary Work
- •V. Give definitions of these words. Use the dictionary. Suggest word combinations in which these words can be used.
- •VI. Match the words on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Look up in the dictionary the meanings of the following words:
- •VIII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •IX. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box.
- •X. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the active vocabulary.
- •I. Find the following sentence in the text:
- •III. Draw up a plan for rendering the text and then summarise it.
- •IV. Discuss these issues.
- •Vocabulary List
- •I. Scanning.
- •II. Skimming.
- •Vocabulary Work
- •I. Suggest Russian equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •II. Suggest English equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions.
- •V. Give definitions of these words. Use the dictionary. Suggest the word-combinations in which these words can be used.
- •VI. Match the words on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •VIII. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
- •IX. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box.
- •X. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the active vocabulary.
- •I. Translate into English Using Conditionals and Complex Subject:
- •I. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Explain why.
- •II. Answer the questions about the text.
- •V. Find the information in the Internet on the following themes and make presentations in class.
- •Chapter XVI Punishment Through the Ages
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary Work
- •VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •VIII. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
- •IX. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions and adverbs from the box.
- •X. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
- •II. Answer these questions about the text.
- •III. Discuss these issues.
- •Chapter XVII Criminal Trials Today
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary Notes
- •I. Scanning
- •II. Skimming
- •Vocabulary Work
- •II. Suggest English equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences based on the text.
- •III. Match the expressions on the left (a) with their proper translation on the right (b).
- •IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions.
- •V. Give definitions of these words. Use the dictionary. Suggest the word-combinations in which these words can be used.
- •VI. Match the words on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.
- •VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •VIII. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
- •1. Analyse Chapter 17 paying attention to the modal verbs used in the text. Which modal verbs are used more frequently then others in Chapter 17? Could you try to explain why?
- •III. Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •I. Scan the passage Purposes of Sentencing and find the following.
- •VI. Read the text Community Sentences carefully and find the information to complete the table below.
- •VII. Read all the texts again and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Explain why.
- •Vocabulary Work
- •I. Suggest Russian equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences.
- •II. Suggest English equivalents of the following expressions and use them in your own sentences.
- •III. Match the expressions on the left (a) with their proper translation on the right (b).
- •V. Match the phrases on the left with their definitions on the right.
- •VI. Complete the sentences with the phrases in column a in the correct form. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •VII. Choose the word or phase from the pairs given below which best completes each of the following sentences. Make changes in the form, where necessary.
- •VIII. Put make or do into each gap.
- •IX. Complete the following sentences with the expressions above in the correct form and translate them into Russian.
- •I. Complete the sentences with the verbs in the correct form. Add an appropriate preposition, where necessary
- •II. Change the following sentences as in the example. Choose an appropriate infinitive form and translate new sentences into Russian.
- •III. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •I. Answer these questions about the text
- •IV. Working in pairs discuss the following questions.
- •General English Vocabulary
I. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Explain why.
1. The legal profession has always been popular.
2. Anyone who is charged with a crime and who denies being involved in it can’t have a fair trial.
3. Just as judges are expected to be independent, so too are members of the legal profession.
4. Legal aid scheme introduced in 1948 provides many lawyers with their main source of income.
5. The problem of being sued for ‘professional negligence’ is one that greatly embarrasses professional men and women.
Answer these questions about the text.
1. In most countries there is only one legal profession. Can you explain what it means?
2. What expression did the author use to underline that there are two types of lawyers in England?
3. What is the main difference between solicitors and barristers?
4. What is the first thing revolutionaries usually do on seizing power and why?
5. What is the reason for lawyers’ unpopularity?
6. In what circumstances do people usually appreciate the role of lawyers?
7. What influence did the lawyers have on the development of personal liberties?
8. What are the main provisions of the lawyers’ codes of professional conduct in respect of the professional secrets?
9. What is the lawyers’ ”duty to the court”?
10. What is a question relating to the legal profession that has troubled people for many years?
11. What was Dr. Johnson’s reply on the question “What do you think of supporting a cause you know to be bad?
12. What are the rules lawyers must obey if they defend someone guilty?
13. What should every lawyer do even if he feels that the defence is unlikely to succeed?
14. Why is it so important for lawyers to remember that they should represent their clients, not to judge them?
15. What does the expression ‘professionally embarrassed” mean?
16. What do the judges and members of the legal profession have in common?
17. Can you give any examples of advances in the civil liberties due to lawyers?
18. Can a solicitor be a barrister and vice versa?
19. What is the difference between fees and costs?
20. Who pays the lawyers’ costs? Is there any order regulating the system of payment?
21. What can litigants do if they can’t afford to pay the fees of their lawyers?
22. Where can people who have legal problems receive free advice?
23. What do you know about legal advice clinics and Law Offices?
24. What new system of payment of fees was introduced?
25. What are the “pros” and the “cons” of this system mentioned in the text?
26. What is the legal privilege given to the clients?
27. In what circumstances can we say there is no legal privilege?
28. What is the essence of the lawyers’ immunity from suit?
29. How was this old law changed?
30. In what circumstances is this change applicable? Give an example.
31. Why is the problem of being sued for professional negligence so regularly discussed?
Draw up the plan for rendering the text and then summarize it.
Discuss these issues.
1. Do you know a lawyer whose career was (or is) so successful that he (or she) became a part of our history? Make a plan of your story and present it to your group-mates. Try to find reasons of his (or her) popularity. Can we say that the development of the law is due to this person?
2. What are the positive and the negative sides of the legal profession? To answer this question, reread the quotations presented on p. 87.
3. Find out some interesting facts about the legal profession in the USA, Canada, Australia.
Chapter XIX
Human Rights
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