VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.

1. In the United Kingdom (UK), power is divided so as to ensure that it never becomes dangerously concentrated in the hands of one person or even a small group of people.

2. There is no doubt that the Prime Minister and his ministers who are part of the executive, do have enormous power, and that power is greater when the government has a large majority in the House of Commons.

3. Although the Queen’s position in the Constitution may be largely ceremonial, its great importance is that she is uniquely placed to bind together the most powerful bodies in the country under a vow of loyalty to her.

4. Freedoms of expression and assembly mean, for example that people are free to demonstrate, provided that they do not break any laws when doing so.

5. Citizens now know a code of rights which they can enforce in the Courts – the nearest thing to a written Constitution.

VIII. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.

1. civil and political rights; 2. province; 3. straddled; 4. came into force; 5. so much power; 6. owes allegiance to; 7. approach; 8. framework; 9. were not easy to find; 10. tackle crime.

1. The English people do now have a statute which guarantees their human rights which __________ on 2 October 2000.

2. In practice it means that no person should be given __________ that he or she can become a dictator and tyrant whether the person be a sovereign, a politician, an army general, or anyone else.

3. The politics of the executive provide the __________ within which we live our everyday life.

4. The Home Secretary, his Home Office Ministers and thousands of civil servants will put legislation to __________

5. Only one person in the British constitution has held a position that _________ the legislation, executive, and judiciary.

6. Each is to a greater or lesser extent independent of others, but at the same time __________ and is under the nominal control of the Crown.

7. It’s the _____________ of the Courts to guard and protect the constitution and if it becomes necessary, they will do just that.

8. The duties of the state include giving citizens ____________ recognized by English law.

9. The Human Rights Act has already made a real difference to ___________ of their Courts to the issue of human rights.

10. Until recently, the human rights enjoyed by every citizen in this country ________________

IX Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box, if necessary.

of (12); in (4); for (2); by (4); on (1); to (4)

1. One ______ the oldest examples ______ a written Constitution is the Constitution ______ the United States ________ America (USA) which was written in 1787.

2. The US Constitution has given rights and provided a means ______ which judges have the power and duty to oversee the protection ________ those rights.

3. Each is to a greater or lesser extent independent __________ the others but at the same time owes allegiance _________ and is under the nominal control __________, the Crown.

4. All Ministers are assisted ______ their government departments _________ thousands _______ permanent officials________ the Civil Service.

5. It is not unusual for Ministers to be taken _____Court; neither is it unheard of ______ Ministers to lose.

6. Bills passed ________ Parliament can become laws only when the Queen signs her assent _______ them.

7. Citizens must also serve ______ juries and give evidence _______ criminal or civil proceedings which required to do so.

8. The Human Rights Act 19888, which came into force_______ October 2000, gives _______ the citizens ________ this country the rights given _________ individuals __________the European Convention on Human Rights.

9. The Home Secretary, his Home Office ministers, and the thousands __________ civil servants who work ________ the Home Office are the branch of Government which must be responsible _______ law and order matters.

10. Only the courts have the authority to stop any individual or body ________ persons from exceeding their powers, or making improper use of their powers.