Vocabulary and Speech Exercises

I. Find the English equivalents for the following word combinations; memorize them.

1. нуждаться в защите правительства

2. излагать что-либо

3. право на жизнь и свободу

4. стремление к счастью

5. свобода добиваться политических целей

6. право на частную собственность

7. Всеобщая Декларация Прав Человека

8. призывать народы уважать свободу слова

9. нарушения прав человека

10. происходить во всем мире

11. быть несправедливо заключенным в тюрьму

12. полная занятость

13. придерживаться мнения

14. предоставить основные свободы

15. соблюдать чьи-либо права

II. Complete the following word combinations with prepositions.

1. to have rights … personal freedom, justice and so on

2. to be established … law

3. to be free … various evils

4. freedom … want, freedom … fear

5. to agree … something

6. to provide … something

7. to interfere … the lives … its citizens

8. to protect somebody … violations of human rights

9. to agree … the idea

10. a chance of defence … any threat … one’s human rights

III. Explain what the following freedoms mentioned in the text mean.

Freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of association, freedom from want, freedom from fear.

IV. Look up in the dictionary the meaning of the words “human”, “humane”, “humanity”, “humanism”, “humanist”, “humanistic”, “humanitarian”. How to call all these words?

V. State if the following nouns are countable or uncountable:

Right, freedom, justice, woman, children, person, men, governments, charters, statement, Declaration, citizen, independence, life, liberty, happiness, law, speech, religion, goals, property, need, fear, nations, reason.

What number may they be used in?

Could you classify them into class, abstract and collective nouns. Add some more examples.

VI. Fill the text with the verbs from the box; retell the text.

are (2) excludes has devised guarantees means is (2) includes result

The task of striking a balance between the needs of society on the one hand and the rights of the individual on the other very difficult. The US Constitution’s guarantee of equal justice under the law for all citizens not only the individual’s rights to freedom and security, but also the protection of the rights of criminal suspects. Among these guarantees the protection from unreasonable search and seizure, the suspect’s right to decline to testify against himself/herself, the right to counsel, as well as protection from excessive bail and from cruel and unusual punishment. Supreme Court several rules to ensure the protection of these rights, which sometimes in a guilty suspect being released from charges. One of these rules the controversial exclusionary rule which from the trial any evidence gained by unlawful search and seizure. Sometimes the exclusion of evidence from a trial that some persons who clearly guilty go free because of a technicality.

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exclusionary rule – (амер.) правило о непринятии судом доказательств, полученных незаконным путем