6.2. Complete each sentence with one of the following words:

to market market listing local earn designations grading

1. When hiring a Realtor…vacant land, the seller often relies on the Realtor's … expertise when determining a … price.

2. The Realtor utilizes the knowledge he has in … land values when making the assessment.

3. Some Realtors specialize in land sales and in … and certifications specific to land sales.

4. Same-size lots next to one other can drastically differ in value if one is flat and buildable and the other is sloped and requires major … before construction.

6.3. Answer the questions:

1. Which property features must the Realtor identify when assessing land?

2. But what if the beautiful property won't pass a percolation test and is not hooked up to sewer?

3. Why can same-size lots next to one other drastically differ in value and be cost-prohibitive?

4. What is a primary difference between assessing vacant land and land with improvements?

5. What do the three basic approaches for determining property value include?

6. Why would not the cost approach typically pertain to vacant land, as it applies to unusual real estate, such as a church?

7. When might the income approach be appropriate?

8. What is the most reliable method?

9. What does sales comparison involve?

10. What is an adjusted sale price?

7. Women’s Labor Market influences

7.1. Read the text.

We consider several feminist approaches:

—on welfare state policies,

—welfares states shape women’s employment patterns to the respect that they give or withhold incentives to paid, unpaid work

—a combination of both.

Those regulating mechanisms refer to explicit and implicit norms of institutions that constantly adjust the expectations and behavior of individuals to the general logic of societal guidelines (Mósesdóttir 1995). Similarly to the typology of Siaroff (1994) who connected “female work desirability” to the religion of a country, this indicates at least that cultural determinants like norms, values, and attitudes, shape the central priority of women, be it directly through role models or indirectly through institutions.

At this point it has to be noted that although the focus in this article is on culture, to predict women’s labour market participation, neither culture nor institutional factors can explain the differences between countries on its own. Especially, when focusing institutional factors like policies, conclusions can conform correlations with women’s employment patterns, but the causal order is particularly ambiguous (Matysiak and Steinmetz 2006; Pfau-Effinger 2000; Abrahamson 1999). The following section gives a short overview of gendered and to a certain extend “cultured” welfare typologies which are based on one aspect or another on the feminist critic on Esping-Andersen’s (1990) Three Worlds.

After establishing the awareness for the culture sensibility of welfare state policies, an approach that is explicitly based on culture will be used as background for further analysis. Pfau-Effinger (1996; 2000; 2005) presented several gender culture models to predict women’s labour market participation on the basis of gender arrangements.

Those are used to retrace the way of three distinctive welfare states (Finland, Germany, and The Netherlands), reassess their current position (gender culture model) on the basis of an descriptive analysis and the importance of each factor for likelihood of women to participate on the labour market.