- •1.Read and translate following international words paying attention to the parts of speech.
- •2.Pay attention to meaning of following “false friends of translator” :
- •3.Remember pronunciation and translation of following words and word-combinations from the text:
- •9.Read the text and give its main idea:
- •10.Find in the text the English equivalents of the following words and word-combinations:
- •7. Name the English verbs forming the following nouns and translate them:
- •8.Read the text, try to understand its main idea:
- •9.Find the correspondence:
- •10.Using the text answer the question: “ What is the theoretical base for solving ecological problem?”
- •12. Say about the point of view of Western scientists on ecological problem. Make up the dialogue.
- •13.Say what measures are decided for solving ecological problems in our country? What documentreflects this?
- •2. Open the brackets and insert the right form instead of the Infinitive. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •3. State the form of the Subjunctive Mood and translate the following sentences.
- •4. Translate the following sentences and underline the verb-predicate in the Subjunctive Mood.
- •5. Translate the following pairs of words, pay attention to the meaning of the prefixes.
- •6. Read the text and define the main idea:
- •13. Put the verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.
- •18. Translate the following sentences, pay attention to the meaning words – after, before:
- •19. Translate the following sentences, pay attention to the different meanings: because – тому що, бо; because of – через, завдяки тому що, із-за
- •20. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to - for:
- •21. Point out which of the sentences “ to have, to be “ are used as Modal verbs. Translate the sentences.
- •22. Form the Nouns using the following suffixes and translate them:
- •1. Read the following paragraphs of the text and define their main idea.
- •2. Write out from the text and translate the words and word-combinations connecting with the preserving the environment.
- •8. Find the correspondence definitions:
- •8 Read the text and reproduce its main idea:
- •15. Translate the following sentences, pay attention to the different meanings of “ but”:
- •16. Define the function “for” and translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •17. Translate the following sentences, pay attention to the meanings “ also”.
- •18. Translate into Ukrainian, pay attention to the preposition “by”:
- •19. Form the words using the following suffixes and translate them:
- •1. Read and translate the following international words:
- •2. Remember the pronunciation and translation of the following words:
- •4. Check your knowledge the following words with the help of terminological dictionary:
- •5. Read the text and give the main idea:
- •In the end, finelly – нарешті
- •10. Using the rules put the comma into the sentences:
- •5.Read the text and in two-three sentences give its main idea:
- •6. Complete the following sentences using the text:
- •7. Complete the following sentences with the phrase from the text:
- •9. Read and discuss:
- •6. Read the text and give its main idea in two-three sentences:
- •3. Form with the help of suffixes –(a) (t) ion or –ment corresponding nouns from the following verbs and translate them.
- •4. Check your knowledge and uderstanding the following words with the help of terminological dictionary:
- •5. Find the Ukrainian equivalents of the following word-combinations:
- •6. Read the text and say what new information have you got:
- •5.Read the text and name the measures of protection of the soil against erosion:
- •5. Read the text and make up the plan to it:
- •5.Read the text and make up the plan to it:
- •10 Use the Past Simple, Present Perfect, Past Perfect of the verbs in the brackets and translate the sentences:
- •11. Translate the following sentences into English using the corresponding Tenses:
- •7. Translate the questions and find the answers on them:
- •8. Make up the dialogue using the translated questions and the information from the text.
- •9. Use the Present Simple, Past Simple, Present Continuous, Past Continuous of the verbs in brackets:
- •10 Use the Past Simple, Present Perfect, Past Perfect of the verbs in the brackets and translate the sentences:
- •11. Translate the following sentences into English using the corresponding Tenses:
- •9.Open the brackets using the corresponding tense of the verb:
- •10. Translate into English using the rules of the sequence of tenses:
- •11.Change the following sentences from Direct into Indirect Speech:
- •1.Read and define the meaning of the following words:
- •2. Read and remember the following words:
- •3. Give the correspondence:
- •4.Check your knowledge the following words with of the terminological dictionary:
- •5. Read the text , translate it and give the main idea in two-three sentences:
- •14. Translate into Ukrainian. Define the function of the Participle, Gerund and Verbal Noun.
- •15. Translate into English using the Gerund
9.Read the text and give its main idea:
MAN AND ENVIRONMENT
(part 1)
Human progress has reached the stage of intensive exploration of nuclear and solar energy., the World Ocean and outer space. It is evident now, however, that often man is adversely affecting the environment and his activity is sometimes fraught with fatal consequences.
It is becoming increasingly clear that man cannot and must not use his tremendous power so carelessly, infinitely interfere in nature and radically try to change it, without tacing into account possible negative effects of his economic activity. The more material wealth people create, the more they realize that they cannot but be concerned about how the biosphere is changing as a result of productive activity. Current ecological research shows, that man, when overconcerned with technicism, far from turning deserts into oases, can turn oases into deserts, threatening to destroy everything on earth, if he continues exerting mostly uncontrolled impact on the biosphere.
IN the 19th century and even in the first half of the 20th century, material production did not require taking into accont the consequences which man’s interference in nature may have in the distant future, and it was not considered an objectively essntial condition for the existence of the whole of mankind, whereas, in the second half of the 20th century such a consideration is becoming vitelly important.
Hence man should carefully study the impact of his activity on various components of the surrounding nature. It is not only possible but necessary to transform the wild natural environment, which often has a disastrouseffect on man ( earthquakes, typhoons, hurricanes, floods, droughts, magnetic and solar storms, as well as radioactivity, cosmic radiation, etc.) into a safe environment suitable for man and meeting his needs. This means that the ecological problem is not simply the problem of environmental pollution and other adverse effects of man’s economic activity, but the problem of turning man’s uncontrolled impact on nature into a purposeful and planned interaction with the latter.
Ofcourse, the biosphere as a complex system also possesses enormous possibilities for self-regulation. Despite the fact that certain biological species, i.e., individual elements of the biosphere, may become extinct as a result of various impacts thereon, it is still capable on the whole of existing and developing . The impact of industry on the biosphere is compensated for by the inner resources of homeostatic self-organization.
Today, however, this impact has reached such proportions that the biosphere’s inner resources can no longer compensate for society’s harmful influence on the environment, both on individual species and on all of life onearth without help from the outside. Many ecologists consider that the disappirance of particular living species constitutes the main ecological and social problem of the day. The world’s famous biologists warn that the present situation is fraught with the extinction of animals and plants on a scale much greater than their both natural and man-caused extinction during the preceding millions of years.
If this massive biologicaldepletion of the Earth’s resources goes on uncontrolled for several decades to come,the world environment will change irreversibly.
All this means that at present there has arisen a pressing necessity to change the character of the interaction between man and nature.
cannot but – не можуть не
overconcerned (with ) – дуже занятий(стурбований)
far from – далеко не
on the whole – в цілому
homeostatic – гомеостатичний
(від homeostatic – гомеостаз – рівноважний стан, наприклад, організму, екосистеми)
no longer – більш не
fraught with – чреватий, здатний викликати (що)
massive – сильний, великий