- •Lesson one
- •A glimpse of london
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises comprehension
- •1. The difference between:
- •2. What each of the following stands for:
- •3. The literal and figurative meanings of:
- •Key structures and word study
- •Grammar There is ... There are ... . Be. Have.
- •With Countable Nouns
- •(B) With Uncountable Nouns
- •Reported Speech
- •Imperative (Requests, Warnings, Instructions, Prohibition)
- •Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives
- •Reading
- •Some facts about the soviet union
- •Government in britain
- •Questions:
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Comprehension
- •The Indefinite Tense forms (Present, Past and Future)
- •Reported Speech
- •Sequence of Tenses
- •The Article
- •Assignments
- •Questions
- •In the Morning
- •More about the english
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises comprehension
- •Key structures and word study
- •Ex 14 Translate the following
- •On weather
- •The Continuous Tense Forms (Present, Past and Future)
- •Mixed Bag
- •In the waiting room
- •The Use of the Present Indefinite Tense in Adverbial Clauses of Time and Condition with the Meaning of the Future
- •Reported Speech. Sequence of Tenses (contd)
- •Degrees of Comparison of Adverbs
- •The Article
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson four
- •At home
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •The Present Perfect Tense
- •The Past Perfect Tense
- •The Future Perfect Tense
- •Reported Speech. Sequence of Tenses (contd)
- •The Article
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •To kill a man
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Comprehension
- •Key structures and word study
- •Complex Object
- •Mixed Bag
- •Adverbial Clauses of Time
- •The Use of the Present Perfect Tense in the Meaning of the Future Perfect Tense in Adverbial Clauses of Time
- •In the dining-car
- •The Article
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson six
- •An unfinished story
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Key structures and word study
- •Model Verbs and Their Equivalents Must, Can and May
- •Have to*
- •Be Able*
- •Mixed Bag
- •The Article
- •Reading
- •Assignments
- •Types of Novels**
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson seven
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Key structures and word study
- •Passive Voice (Indefinite Tense Forms)
- •Two Objects: Direct and Indirect (a) give, send, tell, show, pay, promise, offer
- •(B) buy, sell, sing, read, write*
- •(С) explain, describe, dictate, repeat, mention**
- •Two Direct Objects (ask, envy, teach)***
- •Passive Voice with Verbs which Have a Prepositional Object
- •Mixed Bag
- •The Article
- •Reading
- •Assignments
- •How to Write a Précis
- •Questions
- •How einstein discovered the law of relativity
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises comprehension
- •Key structures and word study
- •Grammar Passive Voice (contd)
- •Perfect Tense Forms
- •II. Continuous Tense Forms
- •Mixed Bag
- •The Article
- •Reading
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson nine
- •Letters from college
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Key structures and word study
- •Perfect Continuous Tense Forms (Present, Past and Future)
- •Mixed Bag
- •The Article
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson ten
- •Joe hill—the man they couldn't kill
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Tense and Voice (revision)
- •Reading
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson eleven
- •A meeting in the night
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Key structures and word study
- •The Infinitive. Syntactical Functions
- •The Predicative
- •An Attribute
- •An Adverbial Modifier of Purpose
- •An Adverbial Modifier of Result
- •The Article
- •Reading
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson twelve
- •Barney's maggie2
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Comprehension
- •Key structures and word study
- •Ex 14 Study the following phrases and (a) recall the sentences in which they are used in the text and (b) use them in sentences of your own.
- •Grammar Modal Verb "Should"
- •The Article
- •Reading
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
Lesson seven
Text: At the Art Dealer's (from "Lust for Life"* by Irving Stone)1
Grammar: Passive Voice (Indefinite Tense Forms).
AT THE ART DEALER'S2
The little bell on the front door jingled. A stranger walked in. "That picture you have in the window," he said. "That still life.3 Who is it by?"
"Paul Cezanne."4
"Cezanne? I have never heard of him. Is it for sale?"
"Ah, no, alas, it is already ..."
Madame5 Tanguy saw her chance. A wiry little woman with a hard, thin face and bitter eyes, she quickly rose from the chair, threw off her apron, pushed Pere Tanguy out of the way, and ran up to the man eagerly.
"But of course it is for sale. It is a beautiful still life, is it not, Monsieur?6 Have you ever seen such apples before? We will sell it to you cheap, if you admire it."
"How much?"
"How much, Tanguy?" asked Madame Tanguy raising her voice. Tanguy swallowed hard. "Three hundred..."
"Tanguy!"
"Two hundred..."
"TANGUY!"
"Well, one hundred francs!"
"A hundred francs? I wonder..." said the stranger. "For an unknown painter... I'm afraid that's too expensive. I don't think I can afford it. I was only prepared to spend about twenty-five."
The canvas was immediately taken out of the window and put before the customer.
"See, Monsieur, it is a big picture. There are four apples. Four apples are a hundred francs. You only want to spend twenty-five." Madame Tanguy broke off. Suddenly she suggested: "Then why not take one apple? The price is only twenty-five francs."
When the price was mentioned, the man began to study the canvas with new interest. "Yes, I could do that. It's a fair offer. Just cut this apple the full length of the canvas and I'll take it."
Madame hurried to her apartment and returned with a pair of scissors. The end apple was cut off, wrapped in a piece of paper and handed to the man. He paid the money and walked out with the canvas under his arm. The spoiled masterpiece lay on the counter.
"My favourite Cezanne," cried Tanguy unhappily. "I'll miss it so! I put it in the window. I wanted people to see it for a moment and go away happy."
Madame Tanguy interrupted him. "Next time someone wants a Cezanne and hasn't much money, sell him an apple. Take anything you can get for it. They are worthless anyway, he paints so many of them."
(Abridged)
NOTES
1. Irving Stone was born in 1903 in San Francisco. Among his more important books are "Lust for Life" (a biography of Vincent van Gogh, 1934); "Sailor on Horseback" (a biography of Jack London, 1938).
2. Art Dealer's: this is an example of the genitive absolute in which the governing noun is left out and which applies especially to residences and to places of business. Eg 1. She bought a loaf at the baker's. 2. He spent part of his holiday at his aunt's.
3. still life: pl still lifes
4. Paul Cezanne (1839-1906), a French painter of the postimpressionist school; famous for his still life paintings and landscapes
5. Madame: (Fr) a form of address to a French-speaking woman, corresponding to Mrs or madam
6. Monsieur: (Fr) a form of address to a French-speaking man, corresponding to Mr or sir