- •Lesson one
- •A glimpse of london
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises comprehension
- •1. The difference between:
- •2. What each of the following stands for:
- •3. The literal and figurative meanings of:
- •Key structures and word study
- •Grammar There is ... There are ... . Be. Have.
- •With Countable Nouns
- •(B) With Uncountable Nouns
- •Reported Speech
- •Imperative (Requests, Warnings, Instructions, Prohibition)
- •Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives
- •Reading
- •Some facts about the soviet union
- •Government in britain
- •Questions:
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Comprehension
- •The Indefinite Tense forms (Present, Past and Future)
- •Reported Speech
- •Sequence of Tenses
- •The Article
- •Assignments
- •Questions
- •In the Morning
- •More about the english
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises comprehension
- •Key structures and word study
- •Ex 14 Translate the following
- •On weather
- •The Continuous Tense Forms (Present, Past and Future)
- •Mixed Bag
- •In the waiting room
- •The Use of the Present Indefinite Tense in Adverbial Clauses of Time and Condition with the Meaning of the Future
- •Reported Speech. Sequence of Tenses (contd)
- •Degrees of Comparison of Adverbs
- •The Article
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson four
- •At home
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •The Present Perfect Tense
- •The Past Perfect Tense
- •The Future Perfect Tense
- •Reported Speech. Sequence of Tenses (contd)
- •The Article
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •To kill a man
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Comprehension
- •Key structures and word study
- •Complex Object
- •Mixed Bag
- •Adverbial Clauses of Time
- •The Use of the Present Perfect Tense in the Meaning of the Future Perfect Tense in Adverbial Clauses of Time
- •In the dining-car
- •The Article
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson six
- •An unfinished story
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Key structures and word study
- •Model Verbs and Their Equivalents Must, Can and May
- •Have to*
- •Be Able*
- •Mixed Bag
- •The Article
- •Reading
- •Assignments
- •Types of Novels**
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson seven
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Key structures and word study
- •Passive Voice (Indefinite Tense Forms)
- •Two Objects: Direct and Indirect (a) give, send, tell, show, pay, promise, offer
- •(B) buy, sell, sing, read, write*
- •(С) explain, describe, dictate, repeat, mention**
- •Two Direct Objects (ask, envy, teach)***
- •Passive Voice with Verbs which Have a Prepositional Object
- •Mixed Bag
- •The Article
- •Reading
- •Assignments
- •How to Write a Précis
- •Questions
- •How einstein discovered the law of relativity
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises comprehension
- •Key structures and word study
- •Grammar Passive Voice (contd)
- •Perfect Tense Forms
- •II. Continuous Tense Forms
- •Mixed Bag
- •The Article
- •Reading
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson nine
- •Letters from college
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Key structures and word study
- •Perfect Continuous Tense Forms (Present, Past and Future)
- •Mixed Bag
- •The Article
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson ten
- •Joe hill—the man they couldn't kill
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Tense and Voice (revision)
- •Reading
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson eleven
- •A meeting in the night
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Key structures and word study
- •The Infinitive. Syntactical Functions
- •The Predicative
- •An Attribute
- •An Adverbial Modifier of Purpose
- •An Adverbial Modifier of Result
- •The Article
- •Reading
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
- •Lesson twelve
- •Barney's maggie2
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Comprehension
- •Key structures and word study
- •Ex 14 Study the following phrases and (a) recall the sentences in which they are used in the text and (b) use them in sentences of your own.
- •Grammar Modal Verb "Should"
- •The Article
- •Reading
- •Assignments
- •Speech and composition
- •Questions
Assignments
(a) Quickly look through the list and mark the lettered phrase nearest In meaning to the word or phrase tested.
1. Rags: (i) fashionable clothes worn by English aristocrats; (ii) a special sort of dress worn by bus conductors; (iii) old torn clothes.
2. Worship: (i) be fond of; (ii) make an idol of; (iii) hate.
3. Learned person: (i) an expert; (ii) a first-year student; (iii) a person having much knowledge.
4. Quote: (i) repeat the exact words (from a book): (ii) mention some interesting facts from a book; (iii) read books by these authors.
5. Show off: (i) discuss topics of general interest; (ii) try to show others that one knows more than they do; (iii) discuss personal matters.
6. Uneducated people: (i) people who never went to school; (ii) people who can only read and write; (iii) people without a university education.
7. Superior: (i) no different from others; (ii) just as good as everybody else; (iii) much better than others.
8. Dangerous: (i) unsafe; (ii) interesting; (iii) exotic.
9. Hardly ever: (i) almost never; (ii) never; (iii) nearly always.
(b) Complete the following.
1. "Fight" is synonymous with —. 2. "To tell the truth" is the opposite of —. 3. The opposite of "criminals" is —. 4. The difference between a "learned" person and an "educated" one is that —.
(c) Choose the answer that expresses most accurately what is stated in the passage. Only one answer is correct.
1. To the English the Continent is: (i) Europe; (ii) Europe and Asia; (iii) Europe without Britain.
2. In England they worship: (i) all street cats; (ii) some cats; (iii) cats from Egypt.
3. In England Latin and Greek authors are quoted by: (i) educated people; (ii) learned persons; (iii) people who have never read these authors.
4. The idea behind the sentence "The English fight heroic wars to combat these dangerous ideas without ever mentioning which is really the most superior race in the world" is that: (i) the English are more heroic than other nations; (ii) the English think they are the most superior race; (iii) the English have a bad reputation.
5. On the Continent the population mostly consists of: (i) criminals; (ii) honest people; (iii) people who are neither honest nor criminal.
6. "In England they hardly ever lie, but they never tell the truth" means that English people: (i) neither lie nor tell the truth; (ii) never lie; (iii) always lie.
7. "The English think cricket is a game" means: (i) the English take life seriously; (ii) the English like to play cricket; (iii) the English think life is like a game of cricket.
8. "The other way round" means: (i) very much the same; (ii) just the opposite; (iii) with some differences.
(d) Sum up what the text has to say on each of the following points.
1. Sundays on the Continent and in England. 2. The Englishman's favourite subject of conversation. 3. The fondness of the English for animals in general and cats in particular. 4. Food and cooking on the Continent and in England. 5. What the English think of foreigners. 6. How the English take life.
(e) Discuss the following.
1. What the English think of themselves.
2. The reputation the English have among foreigners.
3. What the author thinks about the English.
(f) Say if, in the author's opinion, the English have a sense of humour, or not. Quote examples from the text to prove your statement.
(g) Make a list of all the different ways in which the English differ from the Continentals.
(h) The humorous effect of the passage depends a good deal on exaggeration. Quote examples of exaggeration you have noticed in it.
(i) Ask questions, covering the contents of the text.
(j) Give a talk, stating your agreement (or disagreement) with the author's arguments and conclusions.
Ex 54 Read the passage as rapidly as you can. Time yourself. During the second reading, pay special attention to the words you don't know: look carefully at the context and see if you can get an idea of what they mean. Make an outline of the passage.
There are four climatic zones in the Soviet Union: arctic, subarctic, continental and subtropical. The climate is the coldest in the Arctic, where there are several months of the polar night in the winter. But the nearness of the ocean is very important. In the summer, even in the sunny months, the weather is cloudy with damp snow and temperatures seldom above freezing point.
The European areas of the USSR have a milder climate. The winter is not so cold and the summer is not very hot. In the East-European part of Russia the climate is continental. To the east of the Baltic and Black Seas the winter is colder and the summer is hotter. The southern coast of the Crimea has the warmest winter with no frosts.
Because of the warm Black Sea the summer in the Caucasus is hot and the winter is mild. Farther east to the shores of the Caspian the summer is hotter and the winter is a little colder. This is, in fact, a dry subtropical region!
Soviet Central Asia is the hottest and driest region of the country. Here there is no cloud for weeks on end and because of the hot surTthere is practically no vegetation.