- •Digestive system
- •Part I.
- •I. Practise the pronunciation and guess the meaning of the words:
- •II. Memorize the vocabulary:
- •III. Practise the pronunciation and stress
- •IV. Form the new words using the following suffixes and translate them
- •V. Read and translate the following word combinations
- •VI. Remember the following prepositional phrases
- •VII. Read and translate the following word combinations from the text
- •VIII. Read and translate the text, part I
- •IX. Find in the text the sentence with the Passive Voice and translate it
- •X. Find English equivalents for the following words and word combinations
- •XI. In the text find sentences with the following words, reproduce them
- •XII. Answer the questions
- •XIII. Complete the sentences
- •XIV. In the text find sentences which deal with Food is converted into simpler substances.
- •XV. Speak on the following topics:
- •Digestive system part II
- •I. Practise the pronunciation and guess the meaning of the words
- •II. Memorize the vocabulary
- •III. Practise the pronunciation and stress
- •IV. Form the new words using the following suffixes and translate them
- •V. Group the following words from your active vocabulary in the table
- •VII. Read and translate the text part II
- •XII. Reproduce the whole sentence from the text
- •XIII. Complete the sentences
- •XIV. Choose the right preposition
- •XV. Answer the questions
- •XVI. Speak on the following topics
- •XVII. Complete the sentences
- •XVIII. Choose the correct variant
- •XIX. Translate into English
- •II Learn how to pronounce the words correctly
- •IX. Complete the sentences
- •I. Learn the following words
- •II. Learn the pronunciation of the words and guess their meaning
- •III. Form the New Words. Using the Following Suffixes and translate them
- •IV. Read and translate the following word combinations
- •V. Remember the following prepositional phrases
- •VI. Read and translate the following sentences from the text
- •Part II: The lungs
- •I. Practice the pronunciation and guess the meaning of the words
- •II. Memorize the vocabulary
- •III. Find the Russian equivalents of the words and word combinations
- •IV. Find the English equivalents of the words and word combinations
- •V. Find the synonyms of the words and word combinations
- •VI. Read and translate the 1st part of the text “The Respiratory System”
- •VII. Find the following word combinations in the text and translate them
- •VIII. Give the English equivalents for the following word combinations
- •IX. Use the necessary prepositions
- •X. Find the logical continuation of the sentences
- •XI. Answer the questions to the text
- •XII. Speak on the topics using the suggested words
- •XIII. Translate the sentences into English
- •Part II
- •I. Practice the pronunciation of the words and guess their meaning
- •II. Memorize the vocabulary
- •III. Translate the following words and word combinations
- •IV. Match the antonyms
- •V. Find English equivalents for the following words
- •VI. Read the 2nd part of the text “The Respiratory System”
- •VII. Find in the text these prepositional phrases and translate the whole sentence
- •VIII. Translate the following words and word combinations into English
- •IX. Fill in the missing parts of the sentences
- •X. Choose the right preposition
- •XI. Answer the questions
- •XII. Speak on the following topics using the given words
- •XIII. Translate the sentences into English
- •I. Learn the following words
- •II. Practice the pronunciation
- •I. Learn the following words
- •VI. Translate from Russian into English
- •VII. Complete the following sentences
- •VIII. Answer the questions:
- •The Nervous System, peripheral – Part III
- •I. Learn the following words
- •VI. Answer the questions
- •VII. Translate from Russian into English
- •II. Copy out and learn the following words
- •IV. Read and translate the following word combinations
- •V. Remember the following prepositional phrases
- •VII. Read and translate the text , part I language work
- •II. Copy out and learn the following words
- •Language work
- •III. What does “those” substitute in the sentence
- •V. Answer the questions
- •VIII. Speak on the following topics
- •VII. Read and translate the text , part III
- •Pretext step
- •I. Practice the pronunciation
- •II. Learn the words
- •III. Fill in the table with the following words from the active vocabulary
- •IV. Form the new words using the following suffixes & translate them
- •V. Read & translate the following word combinations
- •VI. Match the following words to the definitions
- •VII. Match the synonyms
- •VIII. Match the antonyms
- •IX. Answer the questions
- •X. Open the brackets using the Active or Passive Voice
- •XI. Choose the right preposition
- •XII. Translate from Russian into English
- •XIII. Read and translate the text “Endocrine System” After text step
- •XIV. Answer the questions on the text
- •Do you agree that the endocrine system is a network of ductless glands of internal secretion?
- •XV. Complete the sentences
- •XVI. Translate into English
- •Immune system part I
- •I. Practice the pronunciation
- •II. Learn the words
- •III. Translate into Russian
- •IV. Match the definitions
- •V. Match the synonyms
- •VI. Match the antonyms
- •VII. Read and translate the text
- •VIII. Translate into English
- •IX. Answer the questions
- •X. Fill in the prepositions
- •XI. Translate into English
- •Immune system
- •I. Practise the pronunciation
- •II. Learn the words:
- •III. Translate into Russian
- •IV. Give the synonyms:
- •V. Give the antonyms
- •VI. Match the definitions:
- •VII. Read and translate the text
- •VIII. Answer the questions
- •IX. Complete the sentences:
- •X. Say it in one word
- •XI. Fill in the prepositions
- •I. Practise the pronunciation
- •II. Learn the words
- •III. Translate the words
- •IV. Math the definitions
- •V. Match the antonyms
- •VI. Match the synonyms
- •VII. Translate into English
- •VIII. Read and translate the text
- •IX. Answer the questions
- •X. Complete the sentences
- •XI. Full in the prepositions
- •XII. Translate into English
II Learn how to pronounce the words correctly
diaphragm |
[`daıəfrəm] |
multisided |
[ˎmʌltı`saıdıd] |
function |
[`fʌnkʃn] |
vitamin |
[`vaıtəmın] |
mineral |
[`mınərəl] |
protein |
[`prɔutın] |
hemoglobin |
[ˎhi:moə`glɔubın] |
substance |
[`sʌbstəns] |
bilirubin |
[bı`lırubın] |
bile duct |
[`baıl `dʌkt] |
unwanted |
[ʌn`wɔ:ntıd] |
metabolic |
[ˎmetə`bɔulık] |
process |
[`prousəs] |
lipid |
[`lıpıd] |
alcohol |
[`ælkəhɔl] |
section |
[`sekʃn] |
fibrous |
[`faıbrəs] |
III. Translate the word combinations into Russian
-
complex: complex organ; complex problem; complex organism; complex fats.
-
gland: liver gland; a swollen gland; what gland is it?; pay attention to the gland.
-
diaphragm: on the diaphragm; under the diaphragm; to rest on the diaphragm; something is wrong with his diaphragm.
-
rib: rib cage; to break two ribs; many ribs; few ribs; there are many ribs; He has broken some ribs.
-
lobe: the right lobe; the left lobe; three lobes; the left lung consists of two lobes; lobule is a small lobe; two lobules.
-
vein: the two main veins; venous [`vı:nəs]; show me the vein; the central vein; his veins are very deep.
-
to surround: surrounded; to surround cells; to surround with care; surrounded with love and attention; surrounding.
-
tiny: a tiny finger; a tiny body; a tiny gland; a tiny lobule; tiny cells.
-
cell: white blood cells (WBC); red blood cells (RBC); tiny liver cells; different cells; cellular.
-
average: average adult; average data; average results; average amount of blood.
-
to weigh: to weigh a child; to weigh much; to weigh little; How much do you weigh?; to be weighed; a weight.
-
substance: a strange substance; substances; a lot of substances; what substance is it?; I don’t know this substance.
-
poisonous: a poisonous medicine; poisonous substances; poisonous food; poisonous water; poisonous fluid; poison; be careful with poisons.
-
to destroy: to destroy cells; to destroy poisonous substances; to destroy life; to destroy the house; to destroy badly; to destroy little; destroyed.
-
to digest: to digest nutrients; to digest vitamins; to digest lipids; to digest minerals; to digest food; digested; digestion; digestive system.
-
to store: to store nutrients; to store vitamins; to store minerals; to store substances; storage.
-
nutrients: necessary nutrients; to digest nutrients; a lot of nutrients.
-
to require: to require nutrients; to require vitamins; to require lipids; to require badly; required.
-
vital: vital duties; vital functions; vital nutrients; vital substances.
-
to impair: to impair functions; to impair health; to impair the process; to impair eyesight; to impair hearing; impaired; impairment.
-
to maintain: to maintain normal temperature; to maintain the necessary amount of blood.
IV. Answer the questions
-
What glands do you know?
-
How many ribs has a man?
-
How many lobes do the left and the right lungs consist of?
-
What are the main veins?
-
What cells can you name?
-
How much do you weigh?
-
What poisonous substances do you know?
-
What can impair people’s health?
-
Where does the liver lie?
-
What are the organs of excretion?
-
What vitamins are necessary for a person?
V. Translate into Russian
The largest; the most complex; the liver gland; lies; the right upper side; diaphragm; ribs; sections; main lobes; is composed of; lobules; each lobule; the central vein; surrounded by; tiny liver cells; to perform; average adult male; weighs; more separate functions; destroys; poisonous substances; excretion; to digest nutrients; to store nutrients; vitamins; iron; minerals; are required; to manufacture; lipids; proteins; hemoglobin; vital duties; essential; to impair; fatal disease; a considerable amount of heat; tough fibrous peritoneum; to purify the blood of waists and poisons; clotting the blood; to recycle substances; to pass into bile ducts; unwanted proteins; to maintain the body’s normal temperature; to store in the gall-bladder; on the way to the heart; reddish-brown; grouped together; behind the right lobe; to change into urea; to carry to the kidneys; vital duties.
VI. Translate into English
a) Верхняя часть живота; под диафрагмой; рёбра; печень; две доли; дольки; центральная вена; печени; взрослый мужчина; отдельные функции; различные вещества; орган выделения; питательные вещества; витамины; железо; минералы; липиды; ненужные протеины; гемоглобин; жизненно важные обязанности; смертельные болезни; фиброзная, грубая брюшина; свёртывание крови; нормальная температура тела; желчные протоки; крохотные клетки печени; многосторонние единицы; мягкая прочная текстура; метаболические процессы; ядовитые вещества; сложный орган; железо; общий запас крови; работа печени; по пути к сердцу; значительное количество тепла.
b) Лежать; состоять из (2 вар.); выполнять; весить; разрушать; переваривать; накапливать; требовать; производить (вырабатывать); нарушать; очищать кровь от; перерабатывать; расщеплять; выделять; формировать; поддерживать; переносить; превращаться в.
VII. Fill in the prepositions where necessary
Each lobe is composed ___ lobules.
Liver is one ___ the most complex organs ___ the body.
Each lobule consists ___ a central vein surrounded ___ tiny liver cells.
The liver gland lies ___ the right upper side ___ the abdomen ___ the diaphragm and ribs.
Two smaller lobes lie ___ the right lobe.
___ an average adult male the liver weighs 1,8 kg, it’s smaller ___ woman (1,3 kg).
Much blood pass ___ the liver ___ the way ___ the heart.
Alcohol and drugs are broken ___ in the liver.
Unwanted proteins are changed ___ urea which is carried ___ the kidneys and excreted ___ the urine.
The liver purifies ___ the blood ___ waists and poisons and helps the body digest and store ___ nutrients.
VIII. Answer the questions
What organ is the liver?
Where does the liver gland lie?
How many sections does the liver consist of?
What are the main lobes?
What lies behind the right lobe?
What is each lobe composed of?
What does each lobule consist of?
How much does the liver weigh?
What is the structure of the liver?
How much blood passes through the liver?
What functions does the liver perform?
What does the liver purify the blood of?
What does the liver store?
What does it manufacture?
What does the liver destroy?
What do metabolic processes produce?
Are the diseases of the liver serious?