13. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English:

a) Зелёные растения всегда находятся в начале пищевых цепей.

b) Зелёные растения нуждаются в солнечном свете для производства пищи.

c) Фотосинтез – это химическая реакция, которая происходит в листьях зелёных растений.

d) Зелёный пигмент хлорофилл используется растениями для производства глюкозы, которая в свою очередь либо затрачивается при дыхании, либо превращается в крахмал и хранится.

e) В процессе фотосинтеза углекислый газ и вода превращаются в глюкозу и кислород.

f) Кислород – это побочный продукт фотосинтеза.

g) Фотосинтез происходит в особых клетках, находящихся в зелёных листьях растения.

Class work

14. Decide whether the following statements are true (t) or false(f), if the sentence is false, correct it. While answering use the following phrases:

I think…

I consider…

Judging from…

To my mind…

1) In future Kate wants to cultivate new sorts of plants resistant to temperature drops.

2) Plants are known as ‘producers’ because only plants make their own food by building up carbohydrates, proteins and fats from simple inorganic chemicals.

3) Green plants don’t need sunlight to produce food.

4) Green plants ‘capture’ the sunlight energy using the chlorophyll in their leaves and use it to make glucose, which is used only in respiration.

5) Photosynthesis is the chemical change which happens in the stems of green plants.

6) During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose and nitrogen.

7) The reaction requires energy in the form of sunlight, chlorophyll is not necessary.

8) Photosynthesis takes place in the mesophyll cells inside a green plant’s leaves.

9) There are two kinds of mesophyll cells.

10) Equation for photosynthesis is the following: 6H₂O + 6CO₂ -------- C₆H₁₂O₆+ 6O₂

11) Green plants are at the end of all food chains.

12) Kate’s favorite subject is Mathematics.

15. Match the word and its explanation:

1.food chains	a. an oily liquid or greasy substance making up the main bulk of the tissue of animals, and widely distributed in the seeds of a plant.
2.proteins	b. the internal tissue of a photosynthetic leaf.
3.fats	c. a plant tissue that conducts nutrients (food) through the plant.
4.mesophyll	d. a substance that is found in all living cells of animals and plants. It is necessary for growth and life.
5.phloem	e. the sequence of who eats whom in a biological community (an ecosystem) to obtain nutrition.
6.chlorophyll	f. a gass green plants use to make food. Plants get this from the air.
7.carbon dioxide	g. a process in which energy is generated in cells. In this process, glucose (a type of sugar) and oxygen are converted into carbon dioxide, water and ATP (adenosine triphosphate). This process takes place in the mitochondrion of both plant and animal cells.
8.respiration	h. the green matter that is needed to make food for the plants.