Unit 13.

Leisure time

Text: The Use of Leisure

Grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech.

Практические цели: ознакомление и закрепление активной лексики в речевых упражнениях, развитие умений и навыков монологической речи, практиковать студентов в устной речи по теме урока и введение и обобщение грамматического материала “Direct and Indirect Speech ”,выполнение грамматических упражнений на закрепление.

The Use of Leisure

By the way in which a man uses his leisure his character can be told more surely in all probability than by the way he does his work. For most men work is necessity in order to gain a living. Vast numbers of men have not even been able to choose what work they would do, but have been forced by economic necessity to take the first job that came their way. But in their leisure time they do what they really want to do and their real selves are reflected in their actions.

Some people are completely passive during leisure hours. If such people go out they go to some place of entertainment where no effort is required by them, a cinema or a dancing hall, and if the latter, they do not dance but simply sit and watch others dancing.

A different type of person hurries home from work full of eagerness to begin on some scheme which he has been planning for his leisure time. Perhaps his hobby is carpentry or model engineering, or gardening-, or he might wish to write, or to study some subject in which he is interested. .This is the creative type of character. For him, his leisure hours are full of promise and he can look back on them with satisfaction when he reviews what he has achieved in them.

Leisure should be refreshment; it should send a man out with fresh spirits to battle with the problems of life. Sometimes this freshness comes not from doing anything, but by filling one's mind with fresh springs of duty. Many a man gets full value from his leisure by contemplating nature, listening to music, or reading noble books. By this sort of occupation he may not have made anything that he can show, but he has none the less recreated his own source of inspiration and made his own mind a richer fuller treasure house. This is the true use of leisure.

Topical vocabulary

1. go out проводить время вне

2. treasure сокровище

3. film(picture, movie) кинофильм

4. adventure приключенческий фильм

5. favourite occupation любимое занятие

6. hobby хобби

7. feature художественный фильм

8. enjoy oneself ,(have a good time) хорошо провести время

enjoy (a party, a play etc) получить удовольствие от ...

9. be on идти (о пьесе, фильме в определенный день)

10. run (v) демонстрировать, показывать (фильм,пьесу)

11. run (n) период показа (пьесы, фильма)

12. poster (AmE: bill-board) афиша

13.news – real хроника, киножурнал

14. ballet балет

15. opera опера

16.drama драма

17.tragedy трагедия

18.show представление, сеанс

Ex.1.Suggest the Russian for:

By the way; probability; no effort; fresh springs of duty; go out; to gain a living; in which he is interested; vast numbers of men; have been forced by economic necessity ; to run; to take the first job; their real selves ; completely passive; the latter; to be on; a different type of person; own mind; full of eagerness; feature; to begin on some scheme; the creative type of character; full of promise; satisfaction; refreshment; adventure; with fresh spirits; to battle with the problems of life; full value from his leisure; place of entertainment; by contemplating nature; own source of inspiration; treasure house; the true use of leisure, favourite occupation ; tragedy;

Ex. 2. Give English equivalents of the following words and phrases.

1.досуг

2. огромное количество

3.свежие источники красоты

4.садоводство

5.полный стремления

6. место развлечения,

7. собственный источник вдохновения

8. сокровищница

9. творческая личность

10. свое настоящее Я

11.род занятий.

12.киножурнал

13.любимое занятие

14.афиша

15.художественный фильм

Ex.3.a) Translate the words in italics; b) Act out the dialogue.

Sam and Cathy are planning their evening.

Cathy: Sam?

Sam: Mmm?

Cathy: What do you want to do tonight?

Sam: Oh, I don’t know. Nothing special.

Cathy: Is there anything on at the cinema?

Sam: Here’s the paper. Page two.

Cathy: Thanks. (Looking at the paper.) There’s a new film by Maurice.

Sam: Who? Who’s Maurice?

Cathy: A film director, of course.

Sam: Well, I didn’t know. What’s it called?

Cathy: “Elena.”

Sam: “Elena!”- what kind of film is it?

Cathy: I don’t know, but I’d like to see it.

Sam: All right. How long is it been running?

Cathy: Why?

Sam: Well, it’s a new film, it’ll be difficult to get a seat.

Cathy: (Looking at the paper aagain) No, it says: ‘ Now in its tenth week. Continuous performances.’

Sam: So it doesn’t matter when we go.

Cathy: But, I’d like to go now. Come on ... Sam, come on!

Ex.4. Make up dialogues, using the following sentences.

1. Where would you like to go?

2. And what about going to...?

3. Don’t you know whaat’s on today?

4. Who is it by?

5. Is it worth seeing, ... ?

6.How will it take us to get there?

7.Let’s go there at once.

Ex.5.Answer the following questions on the text and express your own opinion.

1.Why can a man's character be told by the way he uses his leisure?

2.What types of men are there by the way they spend their leisure?

3. What do passive people do during leisure hours?

4. How does a creative type of character spend his leisure time?

5.Why should leisure be refreshment?

Grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech.

• Indirect Speech is formed according to the Rule of Sequence of Tenses. The Verbs most commonly used to introduce the reported speech are: to tell, to say, to add, to notice, to explain, to inform, to remind, etc. Note: to say smth. (to smb); to tell smb.smth.

Tom said, ”My brother is learning to drive.” (The Present Continuous Tense)

Tom said that his brother was learning to rive ( The Past Continuous Tense)

Marat said, “Sometimes I go home by tram.” (The Present Indefinite Tense)

Marat said that sometimes he went home by tram. (The Past Indefinite Tense)

The teacher told John, “You didn’t write exercise two” (The Past Indefinite Tense)

The teacher told John that he hadn’t written exercise two. (The Past Perfect Tense)

Bob Said, “My uncle has just arrived from Paris.” (The Present Perfect Tense)

Bob said that his uncle had just arrived from Paris. (The Past Perfect Tense)

If the reporting verb is in the present, the tenses that follow are usually the same as those used in the original statement.

• An order or request in indirect speech is expressed by the infinitive. The verbs most commonly used to introduce indirect orders are: to tell, to order, to command. Requests are usually introduced by the verb to ask. More emotional forms are: to beg, to implore, to urge.

My teacher said to me: ”Remember these grammar rules! ” My teacher told me to remember these grammar rules.

Ex.6. Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech.

1. Jack told his father, "I hope to pass the examination". 2. Henry said to me, "The teacher is listening to us". 3. Bob said to Tom, "I made no mistakes in the last dictation". 4. I told the policeman, "I saw the thief in the garden". 5. He said, "I have not read many English books". 6. Jack's father said to him, "You have not cleaned your shoes". 7. Mary said, "I do not want to wear my old dress". 8. My mother said to me, "I feel very tired and I have a headache".

Ex. 7.Choose the correct word from those in brackets.

1. My grandmother always ... me about her childhood.(says/ tells)

2. “Don’t do that! ” she ... them. (said/told)

3. Did she ... you where she had put my books? (say/tell)

4. When I was introduced to 6the actor he ... a few words about to me. (said/ told)

5. That little boy is very bad. He ... a lot of lies.( says/tells)

6. She ... to me she didn’t know what to do. (said/told)

7. He often ... things like that. (says/tells)

Ex. 8. Change the following sentences into Direct Speech.

1. My sister said that she had not got a watch. 2. The teacher told his students that he was pleased with their work. 3. I told him that I had not seen his brother for a long time. 4. I told my mother that Henry was studying medicine at the university. 5. She told the grocer that he did not want any sugar. 6. We told the teacher that we did not understand his questions. 7. I told the taxi - driver that he was driving too fast. 8. He said that her children were playing in the garden.

Ex. 9. Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech.

1. Mary said to her brother, "Take the letter to the Post Office, please". 2. The teacher said to Tom, "Collect the exercise-books and put them on my table". 3. The old man said to the little girl, "Do not run across the street". 4. The teacher said to the pupils, "Learn the poem by heart". 5. I said to my friend, "Meet me outside the cinema at 6 o' clock". 6. The teacher asked Tom, "Do you come to school by bus or on foot?". 7. A man stopped me in the street and asked, "Have you got a watch?". 8. The teacher asked us, "Do you understand the question?".

Ex.10. Translate the sentence from Russian into English.

1. Я попросил Джека дать мне его словарь. 2. Кондуктор сказал пассажирам не выскакивать из автобуса на ходу. 3. Учитель попросил студента стереть с доски.4. Он напомнил мне отправить письмо. 5.Отец запретил детям входить в его кабинет.6.Инспектор предупредил нас, что здесь стоянка запрещена. 7. Гид посоветовал нам заглянуть и в этот небольшой музей.