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Башкирский Государственный Аграрный Университет

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[НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]

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Международный экзамен по английскому языку. Устный ответ

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Устный ответ 191

matter is strictly controlled and supported by law. Young people nowadays are to understand that it is not enough to promise to love and cherish each other, it is important to realize that they have taken a big step both legally and financially by deciding to get married. A husband is en titled to a married man’s allowance, and both husband and wife can claim tax relief. They start sharing common property and if they decide to separate they will have to agree who gets the custody over their children and set the proposed arrangements for children to meet both parents. In fact, it is such a fragile social organization that a slight error can cause unpredictable consequences. Crime statistics show that 70% of the murderers, maniacs, mug gers and misfits are products of the broken families.

As it often happens to a masterpiece too much perfec tion can spoil it. Sometimes the parents believe that their critical comments would encourage their children to greater efforts. Sadly, they have exactly the opposite effect. After a number of criticism the child loses not only his interest in creating, but a great deal of his confidence. So being an ideal parent is a very delicate task demanding tact, patience and diligence. A wise parent remembers that it is all too easy to be destructive while attempting to be constructive. Of course, parents must point out mistakes for progress to be made. Yet acid comments designed to improve per formance can unintentionally increase anxiety and under mine achievement.

Every masterpiece is born in pain, so it would be a mis take to think that a happy family doesn’t face any prob lems. However, clever and understanding parents are al ways ready to experiment and find the way out. For ex ample, the teenagers are very radical in their opinions. Anything less than fulsome praise is likely to provoke hos tility and alienation. A clever parent will show how excited

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he is by child’s originality and search for ways to take it further. In this connection, a humorous story by Emma Bombeck called “Convenient Hearing” inevitably comes to my mind. Her son used to ignore all the comments and she tried to communicate with him through homemade post ers and stickers, refusing to hear his questions as well.

The fantastic thing about family ties is that it always stirs the best feelings in people. Everybody craves for a happy family dinner for Christmas. Crestfallen orphans dream about generous loving mothers. Prodigal sons re turn to support their helpless parents, bound to bed. Most flirtatious wives turn out to be the best nurses when their husbands get seriously ill.

To finish with, I’d like to say that there are times in our lives, when everything seems to be going badly. We all have problems we can’t cope with. We feel depressed and dispirited and suffer from acute anxiety and despair. We moan and groan and think we are losers and failures. A fatherly manly hug or mother’s loving embrace can really restore you from the ashes. Then I hear my Mom’s favour ite words: “You are a Fallible Human Being” and under stand that even if the whole world turns its cold shoulder on me, there’d still be a family to turn to for love, com passion and understanding. And as every great masterpiece the family will remain in your soul forever.

DEFINE and EXPLAIN the concept ‘family’. (150–170 words; response time — 60 sec.)

The concept I would like to define for you is family.

A vocabulary defines a family as “people who are close ly related”. Besides, psychologists usually refer to a fami ly a mother, a father and their children. To my mind, there is no exact definition, what a family is. It is definitely a

Устный ответ 193

fabulous phenomenon, cemented by blood. It is really a masterpiece and as every genius creation of humanity it is immortal.

Firstly, like a real masterpiece it constantly changes preserving its essence. Secondly, like every masterpiece this highly personal matter is strictly controlled and sup ported by law. It is important to realize that you have taken a big step both legally and financially by deciding to get married.

Furthermore, every masterpiece is born in pain, so it would be a mistake to think that a happy family doesn’t face any problems. However, there’s still a family to turn to for love, compassion and understanding. On top of every thing, as every great masterpiece the family will remain in your soul forever.

*Task 3.

Main Thesis:

The development of a child is affected by adults, and, of course, by their friends and other teenagers. They learn to take care of each other. They enjoy meeting people.

Supporting ideas:

Teenagers pay much attention to friendship. Many teen agers meet at each other’s houses and often go to visit somebody and unexpectedly find other good friends there.

The choice of places to go and spend these evenings is different in towns and cities and in the countryside: dis cos, concerts, theatres, cinemas. Sometimes we go on spe cial trips, to concert halls or to exhibitions.

I’ve always spent a lot of time listening to music.

All the teenagers like sports.

Many teenagers are fond of travelling, especially on foot.

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But a great number of teenagers spend half of their life front of TV. Some of them prefer videos to TV.

Nowadays, many young people are fond of working on the Internet.

Introduction:

I think that teenagers should be given much responsib ility as early as possible. It’s very good for a young crea ture to learn to be able to take care of his things. The de velopment of the child is affected by adults, and, of course, by their friends and other teenagers. They learn to take care of each other. They enjoy meeting people. Friends, those that you choose to spend your time with and that you love, are the most important “things” in your life. Friend ship is something that cannot be bought or sold. Friends can be of any age.

Conclusion:

In this day and age, there are many available methods of communication. I know that now by using computer networks, it is possible for people to send messages to each other by email, from one computer to another one, and the teenagers can even sit and have online conversation, tak ing it in turns to send messages to each other, each takes little time to transfer. Nowadays, many young people are fond of working online. The Internet seems really good fun. It’s easy and quick to open up applications and do all sorts of things: to shift text and change the lettering style and size. It’s great.

Even in this age of computers, I still feel that the great est way of expanding our knowledge is by reading. If you want to be interesting, to be a source of information, you must know a lot. A wellread person is much more prefer able in any company. I believe that tastes differ. The tastes of teenagers are also different. But they must be respons ible for their choice.

Устный ответ 195

Transitions and Conversational Formulas:

Teenagers pay much attention to friendship. Many teen agers meet at each other’s houses and often go to visit somebody and unexpectedly find other good friends there. As for me, I like parties during which all of the young peo ple do the same activities together. We play word games, write poems, perform little plays and at the end of the evening we dance. Sometimes we go on special trips, to concert halls or to special exhibitions. Most people, as teen agers, go out on Friday or Saturday nights, as there is no school or college to go to early in the morning on the next day, so they can stay up late.

The choice of places to go and spend these evenings is different in towns and cities and in the countryside: dis cos, concerts, theatres, cinemas. During their days off teenagers visit friends in their houses to talk or to listen to music. Many young people are involved with music. That’s why they spend a lot of evenings going out to play, and have fun together. Being a musician helps to make friends. I find that between musicians there’s often a com mon understanding. There is always something you can talk about and do together — playing music. As for a mu sician, music is very important to me, and I’ve always spent a lot of time listening to music. As a teenager, I have

196 Проверь себя

a very good hifi system and CDs of many different types of music: some modern music which I like and classical music. In the classical field I appreciate Bach, Vivaldi, Beethoven, Brahms.

All the teenagers like sports. Some enjoy playing hockey, football, basketball or handball. Others are fond of badmin ton, tennis or running. As for me, I prefer cart racing and iceskating. My friend likes swimming and rollerskating. You see, tastes differ!

Many teenagers are fond of travelling, especially on foot. My friend travels everywhere by walking with his large dog. He also carriers a good stick for helping him to walk in the mountains. But a great number of teenagers spend half of their life front of TV. Some of them prefer videos to TV. Videos can be very useful as audiovisual teaching aids, and home videos can be a good way of re cording and remembering events and things that have hap pened, and also for storing information.

Устный ответ 197

of teenagers are also different. But they must be respons ible for their choice.

TELL your friend about teenagers and their pursuits. Give examples. (150–180 words; response time — 60–90 sec.)

The development of a child is affected by adults, and, of course, by their friends and other teenagers. They learn to take care of each other. They enjoy meeting people.

First and foremost, teenagers pay much attention to friendship. Many teenagers meet at each other’s houses and often go to visit somebody and unexpectedly find other good friends there. By the way, the choice of places to go and spend these evenings is different in towns and cit ies and in the countryside: discos, concerts, theatres, cin emas. Sometimes we go on special trips, to concert halls or to exhibitions. Then all the teenagers like sports. Many teenagers, certainly, are fond of travelling, especially on foot. But a great number of teenagers spend half of their life front of TV. Some of them prefer videos to TV. You see, nowadays, many young people are fond of working on line.

As for me, I’ve always spent a lot of time listening to music.

*Task 4.

Main thesis:

Young people today don’t make good use of their lei sure time. I mean they do nothing creative. They try to find out ways to enjoy themselves and their own ways to solve their problems. Why do teenagers join a cult? I be lieve most of them want to be something and cults give them something to be.

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Supporting ideas:

Punks started up in the 70s. They came from poor fam ilies; they wore black leather, cut jeans, liked violent mu sic and had brightly dyed hair.

The Goths cult began in the 80s. They wore black clothes and silver jewellery. Their faces were white, their makeup was black, their hair was black, too. The most interesting thing about them was their gloomy philosophy, interested in the dark side of the life.

Skinheads are the most dangerous among the youth cults. Skinheads were the most efficient social movement of youth during the 90s. The skinheads were not satisfied with parliamentary ways of action and they used direct actions to solve their problems which included violent at tacks against refugees and coloured people, attacks against young antiracists and other people who are opposing rac ists.

Another great problem of nowadays is drug addiction. Drugs are very attractive for those youngsters who are disappointed in life or lost their parents. Such teenagers become drug addicts.

Introduction:

Young people today don’t make good use of their lei sure time. I mean they do nothing creative. Moreover, the young people nowadays are in some way lost. They don’t expect much from life. Also they live in difficult times. On top of everything, they want to show how different they are from their parents and their elder brothers and sisters. If the last fashion had long hair and wide trousers, then the next one will have short hair and narrow trousers. They try to find out ways to enjoy themselves and their own ways to solve their problems. Why do teenagers join a cult? I believe most of them want to be something and cults give them something to be.

Устный ответ 199

Conclusion:

I think both parents and government should do some thing to help the young generation, at least they should open a national debate in all places to discuss the drug problem. Young people all over the world are obsessed with freedom and independence. They have more and more leisure, but I don’t think they know what to do with it.

DEFINE the term ‘subculture’. ILLUSTRATE your answer. (150–180 words; response time — 60–90 sec.)

The term I would like to define is subculture. It refers to the relatively selfconscious practices by young people to shape and define their own group identities through a variety of cultural forms and styles. I mean, they try to find out their own ways to solve their problems. Aspects of youth style include dress, musical tastes, language, ges tures and forms of behaviour.

Punks started up in the 70s. They came from poor families. They wore black leather, cut jeans, liked violent music and had brightly dyed hair. The Goths cult began in the 80s. They wore black clothes and silver jewellery. The most interesting thing about them was their gloomy philosophy, interested in the dark side of the life. Skin heads, the most dangerous among the youth cults, ap peared in the 90s. They used direct actions to solve their problems which included violent attacks against refugees and coloured people, attacks against young antiracist and other people who are opposing racists.

Why do teenagers join a cult? I believe they want to be something and cults give them something to be.

200 Проверь себя

*Task 5.

Main thesis:

St. Petersburg is a unique city. St. Petersburg’s archi tecture reflects Peter’s intention to build a universal city, one in which great historical epochs and styles are repre sented: Baroque, Rococo, Classical. The motto of the city is hospitality, excellent services and a good sense of hu mour.

Supporting ideas:

It has been described in many different ways: ‘Window to Europe’, ‘Northern Palmira’ or ‘Venice of the North’, ‘City of Dostoevsky’, ‘Cradle of Revolution’, ‘Hero City’, ‘City of White Nights’. St. Petersburg was a city built in a hostile environment, in a scarcely populated corner of the Russian Empire.

Every building in St. Petersburg is a page of history.

It is called ‘The Museum in the Open Air’ for its fan tastic architecture.

St. Petersburg became the official residence of the no bility. That is why arts and culture were focused here.

It became the first Russian port on the shores of the Baltic Sea. The city stands on 42 islands.

St. Petersburg is a big industrial city and one of the largest ports in Europe.

The tragic side of the city is well known. Because of its spirit of freedom it suffered more than any other city dur ing the Soviet regime. Then World War II came and the 900day siege (blockade) of Leningrad. Over 1 mln people died of shelling, cold and starvation. But the city survived. It remains the only city on the European continent in which no foreign invader has ever set foot.

Traditionally, St. Petersburg was a city of great reli gious tolerance. There are hundreds of churches in St. Pe tersburg. Some are museums, in some services are held.

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