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Файл:Международный экзамен по английскому языку. Устный ответ
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Подготовка к устному ответу 171
the manufacturing sector. The institute, however, argues
that the fall in manufacturing should not be artificially re
sisted. The thinktank says: “There is no reason that the
longterm trends for the manufacturing sector to shrink as
a proportion of the advanced industrial economies will halt
or reverse should not in any case be a goal of public policy.
The correct objective is not a larger manufacturing sector
but a successful manufacturing sector.”
The report also argues that it is impossible to gauge the
effectiveness of grants to industry from the Department
of Trade and Industry.
It states that a common characteristic of government
grants is the “lack of robust evaluation of these schemes,
with the quality of the analysis critically compromised by
the extensive use of interview survey data rather than the
econometric analysis of performance data.”
(Daily Express, 2003)
3. Air travel is providing a success story as passenger
numbers continue to soar, but it has also become the gov
ernment’s latest transport headache. Rising demand for air
travel, fuelled by the growth of nofrills airlines, means
ministers are faced with hard choices over how to extend
airport capacity to cope. Consultation over air expansion
plans is expected to lead to proposals for new runways in
the congested southeast of England, which would lead to
lengthy planning battles whether Heathrow, another air
port or new site is finally chosen. By contrast, supporters
of Edinburgh and Glasgow are fighting to secure the ex
tra runway likely to be required in central Scotland in the
long term. Ministers are also under pressure over the en
vironmental effects of unrestricted growth in air travel,
but argue international curbs must be agreed.
(The Scotsman, 2003)
172 Проверь себя
*Task 19.
1. — a. 2. — b. 3. — a.
*Task 20.
by sea
by air
Means of transport
advantages disadvantages
Accomodation
hotel guesthouse
parking
garage
hostel
conveniencesfacilities
by land
water
gas
on foot
TRAVELLING
Packing
travelling
light
luggage
Types of travelling
seaside
mountains
money
tickets
clothes
business
journeytripvoyagetour
Destination
city
office
south
Aim
on
for
pleasure
Assignment 2.
Describe to your friend the most exciting holiday trip you have made.
Tell your friend about its advantages and disadvantages.
Тема: Travelling.
Выбранная идея: Pros and cons of travelling light to
the south.
Сфокусированная тема: The advantages of travelling
light to the warm countries can turn into some disadvantages.
Вопрос: What troubles can you experience while trav
elling light to the warm countries?
Главный тезис: I have no doubt that travelling light to
the warm countries is reasonable and pleasant, because you
may “forget” about heavy bags you are to look after and thus
1
Подготовка к устному ответу 173
to be able to move fast. On the other hand, travelling light
can cause some obvious concern and discomfort when you
have no warm clothes to wear during cool southern evenings.
2
complaints
cashier
salesgirl
loyal customers
discounts
Pros
fun
pleasure
entertaining
gifts
choice
range of goods
brands
opportunities
Customer service
SHOPPING
Kinds of shops
butcher’s
jewellery
greengrocer’s
sweet shop
fishmonger’s
supermarket
price
sale
Cons
necessity
dull
boring
waste of time/money
counterfeiting
Assignment 1.
Some people think that shopping is boring. Other people believe that
shopping is fun. Do you agree that you can combine shopping and leisure?
Тема: Shopping/Leisure.
Выбранная идея: Shopping is a boring necessity; lei
sure is having fun and entertainment.
Сфокусированная тема: It’s difficult to combine such
different things as necessity and pleasure.
Вопрос: What makes us to combine such different things
as necessity and pleasure while go shopping?
Главный тезис: I believe it is impossible to do shopping
for fun, because the process of buying goods is boring and
irritating; more than that, it is wasting of time and money.
Nevertheless, I suppose there may be one reason to turn
our shopping into delight — when we do want to do it for
pleasure, for example, to buy gifts or nice clothes. You see,
tastes differ!
174 Проверь себя
responsi
bility
status
making
decision
job
titles
post
hobby
3
research
money
motivation
prestige interesting
Choosing
(making)
career
following
parents’
footsteps
inde
pendent
decision
perks
bonus
Job satisfaction
JOB AND CARREER
Benefits
holiday
insurance
Requirements
experience
health
location
rewarding
Working
conditions
office
colleagues
education
qualification(s)
relation
ships
boss
Assignment 1.
What job would be more desirable for you:
• interesting
•prestigious
• rewarding?
Explain your choice. Give reasons.
Тема: Job.
Выбранная идея: Job satisfaction.
Сфокусированная тема: Prestigious job (status, titles,
responsibilities) is preferable for me.
Вопрос: Why is prestigious job (status, titles, respon
sibilities) preferable for me?
Главный тезис: I am sure that my job should be interest
ing and rewarding, but I know that a prestigious job is a must,
because I am an inborn leader and making decisions imply a
Подготовка к устному ответу 175
high working position, status and titles. On top of everything
I am not afraid of responsibilities and delegating tasks.
Assignment 2.
Making a career is not always easy. Do you agree? Give reasons.
Тема: Career.
Выбранная идея: Choosing a career.
Сфокусированная тема: Choosing a career is not easy.
Вопрос: What makes choosing a career difficult?
Главный тезис: I am sure that choosing a career is not
easy, because it is rather difficult to decide either to follow
in your parents’ steps or to be independent in your choice,
to choose attractive salary or working conditions and job
satisfaction.
4
chemistry
physics
Branches of science
biology
maths
languages
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Progressive
invention
openmindedness
creativity
use
urgent problems
break through
Theory
work
study
lectures
books
research
Practice
explore
modern
experiment
labs
Innovation
hightech
nanotechnology
robots
computers
space explorations
Assignment 1.
Some people think that scientific researches are always progressive.
Others believe that they are harmful. What is your point of view?
Тема: Science.
Выбранная идея: The scientific research.
176 Проверь себя
Сфокусированная тема: The use of scientific work for
the mankind.
Вопрос: Why do you think scientific work is useful for
the mankind?
Главный тезис: I believe that all scientific researches
are creative and innovative, thus they enhance the devel
opment of the new branches of industry which provide the
high level of living standards for people.
5
spoken
social
cus
toms
verbal
tradi
tions
written
Cultural barriers
spoken
speak no
language
body
language
nonverbal
Forms
COMMUNICATION
language
written
translation
terms
brochures)
gestures
religious
(ads,
radio
Internet
Means
Cultural awareness
knowledge
contacts
business ethics
culture beliefs
books
TV
ethics
Assignment 1.
Prove the fact that body language is a very specific form of com=
munication. Justify your answer with the examples.
Тема: Communication.
Выбранная идея: Body language.
Сфокусированная тема: Body language is a universal
way to gain mutual understanding among nations.
Вопрос: How can body language minimize misunder
standing among different nations and create strong cultural
relationships?
Подготовка к устному ответу 177
Главный тезис: I believe that a nonverbal form of com
munication — gestures, or body language is a marvelous
form of international language. It could be universal if you
mind cultural differences and thus overcome cultural bar
riers; therefore, if you observe national customs and tra
ditions, you will create strong international relationships
in all spheres of communication.
*Task 23.
Главный тезис (ЧТО)
The correct objective is not a larger manufacturing sec
tor but a successful manufacturing sector.
Аргументация (ПОЧЕМУ)
1. There is no reason that the longterm trends for the
manufacturing sector to shrink as a proportion of the ad
vanced industrial economies will halt or reverse should not
in any case be a goal of public policy.
2. The “lack of robust evaluation of these schemes, with
the quality of the analysis critically compromised by the
extensive use of interview survey data rather than the
econometric analysis of performance data.”
Лексические соответствия
The correct objective is not a larger manufacturing sec
tor — There is no reason …the manufacturing sector to
shrink …should not …be a goal
A successful manufacturing sector — the quality of the
analysis (econometric analysis of performance data).
3. Главный тезис (ЧТО)
Air travel is providing a success story as passenger
numbers continue to soar, but it has also become the gov
ernment’s latest transport headache.
Аргументация (ПОЧЕМУ)
178 Проверь себя
Rising demand for air travel, fuelled by the growth of no
frills airlines, means ministers are faced with hard choices
over how to extend airport capacity to cope. Consultation
over air expansion plans is expected to lead to proposals for
new runways in the congested southeast of England, which
would lead to lengthy planning battles whether Heathrow,
another airport or new site is finally chosen. By contrast,
supporters of Edinburgh and Glasgow are fighting to secure
the extra runway likely to be required in central Scotland
in the long term. Ministers are also under pressure over the
environmental effects of unrestricted growth in air travel,
but argue international curbs must be agreed.
Лексические соответствия
Passenger numbers continue to soar
• rising demand for air travel
• extend airport capacity
• unrestricted growth
The government’s transport headache
• hard choices
• to cope
• lengthy planning battles
• are fighting
• under pressure
*Task 25.
1. — f. 2. — c. 3. — a. 4. — d. 5. — b. 6. — e.
*Task 26.
Conclusions
1. They work on any home PC and appeal to all ages —
from primary school pupils to those tackling GCSE projects.
There could be few more entertaining ways for children to
Подготовка к устному ответу 179
discover the wonders of the world around them. It’s our big
gest disc collection yet — and the series could be yours free
throughout this month, only with the Mail.
2. To which the voice on the line replies: “I am sorry
sir, but you must be mistaken. RollsRoyce motor cars do
not break down.”
3. If only it had been so easy. The New Labour promises
to reduce congestion and pollution remain subtle.
4. Although the survey involved only Chinese, the find
ings likely would be applicable to men of other ethnicities,
the researchers wrote.
*Task 28.
however
moreover
nevertheless
therefore
for example, but
*Task 29.
…essays; furthermore, I…
…term although I…
…a bus and walk…
…homework; whereas my…
…teacher; hence, I signed…
*Task 33.
My Visit Card
Firstly
, let me introduce myself. My name is Oleg. I am a
pupil of the 11th form. I’ve been studying at this school since
the first form, and in several days I’m going to finish it.
180 Проверь себя
My parents brought me up to think I am the centre of
the universe. It sounds terribly smug
, but all I wanted in
life came to me. My parents shower me with love and atten
tion, thus
I always turn to them for help and advice. In our
family a good education is considered very important. Frank
ly speaking, I’m not very academic, but I am quickminded,
so I always finish my homework as quickly as possible and go
off or plunge into computer studying. You see
my passion. That’s why
fession in this sphere, though
I’ve decided to choose my future pro
I don’t know exactly what I
, computers are
would like to be.
I’m going to work either in advertising or in the sphere
of business. Both professions are closely connected with
foreign languages. I think
my reasonable knowledge of Eng
lish will help me to be a success. Successful people are those
who, if their business doesn’t work, start a new one. Un
successful people continue doing the same thing only hard
er. I’d like to belong to the first group. Moreover
, I believe
that my success will depend on my abilities. If my business
fails, I’ll give it up and start a new one. I’m a risky person.
Nothing can stop me.
My plans for future are rather ambitious: first of all
, I’ll
work as operating manager, then try to promote in the sphere
of the department management, and as a result, I’ll do my best
and try to become a top manager. I’ve chosen to enter the de
partment of the world economy in one of the most prestigious
universities of our country, and after my graduation I hope
to start my professional career in one of the global companies.
Speaking about my hobbies I’d like to mention my passion
for music. I’ve got a wellequipped hifi system and CDs of
different kind of music. You see
, being a musician helps me
in making friends. We listen to music and discuss our favour
ites. We have common interests though
In the end
I would like to say that I’m an extrovert and
our tastes differ.
I’ve got a lot of friends. Friendship is the most important
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