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Файл:Английский язык для магистров в сфере государственного и муниципального управления = English for masters in state and municipal management. Практикум.pdf
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1. Since memos are rather informal documents, it is best to use simple language
and a conversation tone.
2. Keep your memo clear. Use short, simple sentences.
3. A memo should not be longer than one page. Most people do not have time to
read long memos.
4. Usually the memo consists of the following parts:
a. Date on which the memo is sent.
b. Name of the person to whom the memo is sent.
c. Name of the person sending the memo.
d. A short heading, which tells you what the memo is about.
e. A brief introduction to the memo giving the most important information.
f. The 'body' of the memo, usually divided into numbered paragraphs which
develop the information.
g. The conclusion of the memo, which often recommends a course of action.
Unlike letters, the memo does not contain forms of address (such as Dear Ms X)
or the sender's signature. The sender usually types his or her name or initials at the
end of the memo.
Ex. 5 Put the following memo in the right order
Computer Ltd
71-73 Bern Street
Bingley
West Yorkshire BD5 4PL
Telephone: (027) 785392
(…) Presentation of PX12 laser printer
th
(…) 9
June
(…) The PX12 will gradually replace all our existing models. I therefore
strongly recommend that all sales team members attend.
(…) Anne Woods, Sales Manager
(…) BG`
(…) There will be a presentation of our latest project, the PX12 laser printer, on
Tuesday 23, June at 2.00 in the main conference room.
(…) Bill Greenberg, Research & Development Manager
(…) The agenda is as follows:
1. A brief description by the R & D Dept. of the stages in the development of
this project.
2. A demonstration of the product’s main characteristics: speed, quality of print,
low noise level and numerous options.
3. A presentation by the Marketing Dept. of PX12’s position on the laser printer
market.
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9.2 Grammar work
Verb pattern.
(Verb + -ing / Verb + to …)
Ex. 1 Supply suitable infinitive forms for the verbs given in brackets
1. Let's go to the cinema. (go)
2. Let me ................ that letter for you. (post)
3. Let's ................ out long. (not stay)
4. They didn't let her ................ jeans. (wear)
5. Let's ................ , shall we? (go out)
6. He made me ................ the mess. (clear up)
7. Don't let them ................ home yet. (go)
8. That T-shirt makes you ................ younger. (look)
9. Let XYZ ................ a triangle. (be)
10. I was made ................ floors. (scrub)
Ex. 2 Put in the correct forms of the verbs
ONE CUBE OR TWO?
When we were at school as children we were (1). ............... (make/wear) made to
wear indoor shoes inside the school building. The teachers would never (let us/wear)
(2)................our outdoor shoes at all and they (3)................ (make us/change) in the
changing rooms from the moment we entered the building. I'd never known teachers
(4)................ (be) more strict about any other school rule. The trouble was that my
indoor shoes really (5)................ (make me/suffer) because they were so tight.
(6)................ ('Let/expand) our shoes!' a fellow sufferer suggested. He had had a
brilliant idea. We put plastic bags inside our shoes and poured water into the bags.
We sealed the bags carefully and put our shoes into the freezer. Of course the ice
(7)................ (make the shoes/expand) and they were a pleasure to wear. This clever
idea (8)................ (help me/get) through my schooldays with less discomfort and I
have never forgotten it!
Ex. 3 Put in the correct forms of the infinitive or –ing
THIS WAY! THAT WAY!
In a split second, when no one was paying attention, the two prisoners escaped
from the back of the police van. They were handcuffed to each other. It was minutes
before a policeman saw them (1)................ (run) down the street. 'We'll follow,' two
policemen said. Tell the driver (2)................ (bring) the van to the end of the road.
Ask him (3)................ (not let) them get away. If we're not careful, we'll have the
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whole neighbourhood (4)................ (complain) that we've been careless.' The
prisoners were still running side by side. The policemen saw them (5)................
(race) up the hill and (6)................ (disappear) round a corner. 'We'll never catch
them now!' one of them said. 'I told you (7) .................. (not leave) them unattended.'
The prisoners were running at top speed. Suddenly, they saw a lamp post in
front of them 'Go left! Go right' they each shouted at the same time. They ran on
either side of the lamp post. It just took time for the police (8). ................ (find) them,
lying on the pavement, unhurt, dazed and with silly grins on their faces.
Ex. 4 Put in the correct forms of the verbs
HOW TO GET RID OF RATS
When I was a young man, working in Malaya, my boss gave me a difficult job to
do. The roof of his house had become infested with rats and he (1). ................ (want/I
get rid of) wanted me to get rid of them for him. I tried everything: rat poison, cats,
even a mongoose, but I (2)................ (fail / move) them. Then a friend of mine
(3)................ (advise / I use) a python. I (4)................ (considered this/be) my last
chance and (5)................ (agree/try) it. My friend brought me a box in which he had
trapped a young python, about six feet long. We (6)................ (manage/get) the box
into the roof and then released the python. The effect was amazing! The rats
disappeared in no time! It (7)................ (prove/be) a wonderful solution. But then we
didn't know (8)................(what/do) with the python. I couldn't (9)................
(bear/shoot) this superb creature. It (10)................ (take/six of us an hour/get) it into
the box and then we returned it to the jungle.
Ex. 5 Put in the correct to-infinitive combinations
THE BRAVE OLD LADY AND THE HOPELESS CROOK
Mrs Johns, a 75-year-old widow, woke up with a start. Peering into the
darkness, she was astonished (1)................ (see) to see a man in her room. It was
easy (2)................ (see) he was a burglar. At first, she was too afraid (3)................
(move). Then she plucked up her courage and said, 'We must talk about this over a cup
of tea. Would you be so kind (4). ................. (help me) downstairs?' To her surprise, the
man meekly obeyed. He was eager (5)................ (help) and anxious (6) ................
(please) the old lady. He prepared the tea and said he was sorry (7). ................. (have
disturbed) her. He was too frightened (8). ................. (run away) . After a cup of tea, he
said he would be glad (9)................ (give) Mrs Johns his name and address and left
empty-handed. Of course, Mrs Johns informed the police, who commended her for
her bravery. Later, during the trial, the judge said it was his duty (10). ............... (send)
the man to prison, describing him as the most incompetent burglar he had ever met!
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build,
appear,
set up,
run, bring,
make,
transform;
decide,
reflect,
create; return,
change,
expand,
launch,
drink
Ex. 6 Put in the correct verb form (to-infinitive or -ing). Give two forms where both are possible
1. You must begin to work / working harder.(work)
2. I was beginning ................. I was wrong. (think)
3. She continued ................. all through the film. (talk)
4. I had just started ................. when the waiter took my plate away! (eat)
5. We intended ................. to the concert, but we were both ill. (go)
6. I'm intending ................ him tomorrow. (see)
7. The conductor raised his baton and the orchestra commenced .................
(play).
8. You omitted ................. me about it. (tell)
9. I'll never begin ................. how he thinks. (understand)
Ex. 7 Put in the correct verb form (to-infinitive or -ing).
1a. I remember visiting Paris when I was very young. (visit)
1b. Please remember ................. the door on your way out. (lock)
1c. Did you remember ................ Jim last night? (phone)
2a. I shall never forget ................ taken to see the Moscow State Circus.(be)
2b. Don't forget ................ how many are coming on Saturday. (find out)
2c. I forgot ................ to the chemist's on my way home. (go)
3a. We all tried ................. him, but he just wouldn't listen to any of us. (stop)
3b. If you want to stop coughing, why don't you try ................ some water?
(drink)
4a. She got annoyed because her husband stopped ................ in every shop
window. (look).
4b. Just stop ................. and listen for a moment. (talk)
5a. If we hadn't turned the music off they'd have gone on .................. till morning.
(dance)
5b. She got a degree in Physics and then went on ................ a course in Applied
Maths. (take)
6a. I regret ................. you that there's been an accident. (tell)
6b. He regretted ................. in the same job for so long. (stay)
Ex. 8 Complete the following passage using to-infinitive or -ing. Choose
from the verbs in the boxes.
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Coca-Cola and its advertising
John S. Pemberton invented Coca-Cola in 1886. His partner suggested
(1)................ an advertisement for the drink in the Atlanta Journal that very year. In
1888, Asa Candler bought the Coca-Cola business and decided (2). ................ the
product known through signs, calendars and clocks. The company began
(3)................ its global network when Robert Woodruff was elected president of the
company in 1923. He succeeded in (4)................ Coca-Cola into a truly international
product by (5)................ a foreign department, which exported Coca-Cola to the
Olympic Games in Amsterdam in 1928. During World War II, he promised
(6)................ Coca-Cola to every soldier in every part of the world. Coca-Cola's
advertising has always attempted (7)................ changing contemporary lifestyles.
(8)................ an international advertising campaign requires the talents of
professionals in many areas, and extensive testing and research are always done
before (9)................ which advertisements will finally be used. Celebrity
endorsements have featured heavily - Cary Grant, Ray Charles and Whitney Ouston
are just three of the big name stars who have agreed (10)................ in Coca-Cola
commercials.
After (11). ............... Diet Coke in 1982, the company saw its sales grow quickly.
The drink is now the third most popular in the world. In 1985, the company tried
(12)................ the secret formula of Coca-Cola, but realised that Americans were
very attached to the original recipe. The company listened to its consumers and
quickly responded by (13)................ the original formula to the market as 'Coca-Cola
Classic'. Today, people in more than 160 countries around the globe enjoy
(14)................ Coca-Cola. It is asked for more than 524 million times a day in more
than 80 languages. The company intends (15)................ its global presence even
further in the twenty-first century, particularly in developing markets.
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UNIT 10
TELEPHONING
10.1 Reading comprehension
The telephone conversation usually includes a number of steps, in particular:
• identifying yourself/your company
• asking the caller to identify himself/herself
• asking for connection
• taking/leaving a message
• explaining the reason for the call
• making appointments
• signing off
Now look at the language used for these steps.
Identifying yourself/your company
Krondike Electronics. Can I help you? (a typical switchboard response)
John Bird speaking.
This is … speaking.
This is Pete Edwards.
John here.
Asking the caller to identify himself/herself
Who’s calling please?
I’m sorry, I didn’t recognize your voice over the phone.
Asking for a connection
Can I speak to … ?
I’d like to speak to .......... , please.
Could you put me through to .......... , please?
I’d like to speak to someone about deliveries, please.
I’d like to make a transferred charge call to … .
I’d like to make a personal call to … .
Taking for a connection
I’ll put you through to …
I’m afraid he’s out at the moment. Can I take a message
Could I leave a message for … ?
Would you ask … to call me back, please?
Can you ask him to call me back?
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Explaining the reason for the call
The reason I called is …… .
I am (just) phoning to …… .
Making appointments
Just a moment, I’ll get my diary.
Could you manage Tuesday?
What about Friday?
Shall we say two o’clock?
I’m sorry, I’m out all day.
Friday would be fine.
That suits me.
Signing off
Look forward to seeing you.
Thanks for calling.
Bye.
Ex. 1 Put the following extracts of telephone calls in the right order
1.
• Just a moment, Mr. Jones, I'll put you through. ( )
• Yes, I'd like to speak to Miss Rathbone. ( )
• Peter Jones. ( )
• Who's calling, please? ( )
• Pan Electronics. Can I help you? ( )
2.
• She's got it, but just in case, it's 01-253 4686. ( )
• Yes, could you ask her to call me back? ( )
• Mr. Gottman here. Could I speak to Mrs. Fields? ( )
• Yes, of course. Could I have your number? ( )
• I'm afraid she's out at the moment. Can I take a message?( )
3.
• I'm sorry, I'm out on Wednesday. ( )
• Good, that suits me too.
Shall we say 11 o'clock? ( )
• Just a moment, I'll get my diary ... you said next week?( )
• Yes, could you manage Wednesday? ( )
• What about Thursday then? ( )
• Yes, Thursday morning would suit me fine. ( )
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1
(a) Who's calling please?
(b) Peter Matthews here.
(c) Hello, John. This is Peter Matthews
Can I take a message?
(a) I'd like to leave a message.
(b) Yes, could you ask him to call me back.
(c) Please tell him to give me a ring.
The reason I called is we're
(a) I don't believe it.
(b) Really? That surprises me.
(c) I don't mind.
Could you manage Tuesday?
(a) No, I can't.
(b) No.
(c) I'm afraid I can't.
So that's fixed — Friday at
(a) I'm afraid that's out of the question.
(b) Right, I look forward to seeing you.
(c) Bye.
Ex. 2 Choose the most appropriate response:
John Peterson speaking.
2
3
having problems.
4
5
11 o'clock
Ex. 3 In the following conversation, Pietro Ruggeri is phoning a business
partner, to make some enquiries. Can you say what is wrong about the
conversation and explain why? In pairs, write an improved version.
(0: Switchboard Operator, S: Secretary, R: Ruggeri)
0: Good morning, ACF Electronics, may I help you?
R: Good morning. Give me Mr. Powell, extension 701.
0: Hang on... Still trying to connect you... Ringing for you now...
S: Hello, Mr. Powell's office.
R: Hello, is Mr. Powell there?
S: No, he isn't. You can leave a message.
R: OK. Tell him that Mr. Ruggeri called.
S: Sorry? Please repeat.
R: Ruggeri. That's R-U-double G-E-R-I. Tell him to phone me.
S: OK, I will.
Ex. 4 Complete the following conversations with phrases from the list
below. Use each phrase only once
A
1. .....................................................
Good morning. Could I speak to Mr. Drake please?
2. ....................................................
Lesley Lewis from RB Electronics.
B
Oh, hello, Dick. How are things?
3. ……………………………………..
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C
4. .....................................................
Yes, hold the line and I'll put you through to him.
D
5. .....................................................
OK. Could you ring me back today?
E
I'm afraid he's out of the office at the moment.
6. ……………………………………………
F
7. .....................................................
I'll look it up for you... It's 01 320 6971.
a) Fine. I'm phoning to ask you about the Reynolds Group.
b) Who's calling, please?
c) I can't tell you right now, but I can look into it.
d) Thompson Chemicals, good morning.
e) Right. I'll ring again. Thanks a lot.
f) I'm afraid I haven't got Steve Lester's number.
g) Could I speak to Charles Williams?
Ex. 5 Here are some dialogues about fixing an appointment over the phone.
Fill in the missing words and phrases, choosing from those listed below. (Two of
the expressions are not used!)
1.
A: Hello. I'd like to ................with Mrs. Rush in the Personnel Department.
My name is Sydney Hooks.
B: Yes, Mr. Hooks. Would 10.30 on Wednesday ................. ?
A: That ................. , thank you.
make.
2.
A: Mr. Smith? This is Peter Ronalds.
B: Oh, hello, Mr. Ronalds. Nice to hear from you.
A: ................ to see if we can discuss a business proposition that I wish to
B: I see. Can you be more specific?
A: Actually, ................ we could meet somewhere and talk about it. How
about lunch today, if that's ................ ?
B: I'm afraid ................ today. How about tomorrow?
A: Tomorrow' ll be fine. Let's say 12.30 at the Little Chef, shall we?
B: Yes, 12.30's OK. See you there.
A: Right .................. seeing you. Goodbye.
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3.
A: Mr. Russell? .................
B: Oh, good morning, Mr. Higgins.
A: I'm ringing ................ tomorrow. 2.15 at your office, as arranged?
B: 2.15. That's right.
A: Good. See you then. Goodbye.
4.
A: Hello? Mr. Murray? I'm ringing for Mr. Whitley of Whitley and Bishop
Associates. He's ................, but he won't be able to manage Wednesday afternoon.
................ Friday afternoon instead?
B: ................my diary…I’m afraid I can’t ................. I have some customers
visiting then ................. change our meeting to Thursday afternoon?
A: Well, I think that should be all right ................. later on to confirm. Thank
you. Goodbye.
a) very sorry
b) I’m phoning
c) make an appointment
d) I can’t manage
e) all right with you
f) let me just get
g) make it on Friday
h) Perhaps we could
i) would be fine
j) very busy
k) I wonder if
l) I look forward to
m) see you
n) to confirm our meeting
o) suit you
p) I’ll give you a call
q) Could I suggest
r) This is Jim Higgins
Ex. 6 Phone your boss to explain why you can't come to work on Monday
morning. You have already missed work several times this month.
Ex. 7 Phone a seaside hotel to book a double room for this weekend. The
hotel has been recommended, but you want details of the facilities it offers.
Ex. 8 Phone Mr. Day to inquire about this job. Find out about salary, hours
and conditions of work, duties. Tell him about your experience and
qualifications.