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Basics of Latin in Pharmacia (for students in the English medium). Study aid

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81
12. NOUNS OF THE 3RD DECLENSION (NEUTER GENDER). WORD-BUILDING: SUFFIXES -OMA, -EMA
The nouns of neuter gender of the main or consonant type (3rd declension) have
the following endings:
Nominativus
Genetivus
Examples
-en
-inis
semen, inis, n — seed
-ur
-uris
-oris
Sulfur, uris, n — Sulfur iecur, oris, n — liver (sea animals and fish)
-us
-uris
-eris
-oris
crus, uris, n — leg, shin ulcus, eris, n — ulcer corpus, oris, n — body
-ut
-it is
caput, itis, n — head
-l
-lis
mel, mellis, n — honey
-e
-is
rete, is, n — net
-al
-alis
animal, alis, n — animal
-ar
-aris
calcar, aris, n — bony spur
-ir
-iris
elixir, iris, n — elixir
-ma
-atis
trauma, atis, n — trauma
The endings of nouns of neuter gender of the 3rd declension can be found in
Unit 12 [see Unit 12].
Example (neutrum)
Singularis
Pluralis
Nom.
3n 2n
ulcus rotundum
ulcera rotunda
Gen.
ulceris rotundi
ulcerum rotundorum
Dat.
ulceri rotundo
ulceribus rotundis
Acc.
ulcus rotundum
ulcera rotunda
Abl.
ulcere rotundo
ulceribus rotundis
There are some exceptions in the list of the words of the 3rd declension. These
words have the endings of neuter gender but the words are either masculine or femi-
nine gender. And it’s necessary to agree the gender of the adjectives with the gender
of the nouns, taking into consideration that these words are exceptions [See Active Vocabulary, Unit 12].
82
ACTIVE VOCABULARY
animal, alis, n caput, itis, n corpus, oris, n genus, eris, n hepar, atis, n nomen, inis, n petalum, i, n
stigma, atis, n tempus, oris, n varius, a, um
alcohol, olis, n elixir, iris, n lac, lactis, n mel, mellis, n rhizoma, atis, n sal, salis, n sal carolinum factitium semen, inis, n rhizoma cum radicibus
Alumen, inis, n Calamus, i, m jecur, oris, n oleum jecoris oleum jecoris Aselli Nuphar, aris, n Secale, is, n Secale cornutum Sulfur, uris, n Taraxacum, i, n
— animal — head — body — gender — liver (of human beings) — name — petal (colored leaf of the corolla of a flower)
— corn silk — temple, time — various
— alcohol — elixir — milk — honey — rhizome — salt — (artificial) Carlsbad salt — seed — rhizome with roots
— alum, alumen (only singular) — acorus — liver (sea animals and fish) — fish oil — cod-liver oil — yellow water lily, spatterdock — rye — claviceps, ergot — sulfur — dandelion
LATIN APHORISMS
Ex tempore
O tempora! O mores! (Cicero) Tempus vulnera sanat
— out of the time
In English, it's often used to describe something that is be­ing done spontaneously or without preparation, such as a speech or performance. It implies an improvisational na­ture to the action.
— Oh, what times, oh what habits! — Time heals all wounds (sorrows).
83
ASSIGNMENTS
Task I. Decline the following word combinations in all cases:
- semen flavum;
- corpus sanum;
- nux vomica;
- pulvis cenereus.
Task II. Translate the following word combinations from Latin into
English.
1. Semina Strophanthi pulverata.
2. Mentholum alcohol est.
3. Semina Secalis Kalium, Natrium, Phosphorum continent.
4. Sal carolinum factitium ut remedium laxativum adhibetur.
5. Solutio Corticotropini ex tempore praeparatur.
6. Aluminium sulfuricum et Kalium sulfuricum Alumen nominantur.
7. In rhizomate Calami amylum continetur.
8. Mel et oleum jecoris morbum varium curant.
9. Strychninum est alcaloidum ex seminibus Strychni. (ex — made of)
10. Infusum radicis Taraxaci ut amarum et cholagogum praesctribitur.
Task III. Write down the dictionary form of the words and translate the
following word combinations from English into Latin.
1. sulfate of barium
2. lactate of iron
3. arsenite of potassium
4. iodide of hydrogen
5. seeds of almond in almond oil
6. roots, leaves and flowers of dandelion
7. Liquid extract of corn stigmas is a hemostatic remedy.
8. Mucus of flax seed is prepared as required.
9. Mix dry extract of belladonna and lactic sugar.
10. Cod liver oil is prescribed in capsules
84
Task IV. Translate the following medical prescriptions from Latin into
English.
91
Recipe:
Zinci oxydi Talci puri Misce. Da in paper. Signa.
5.0
15.0
92
Recipe:
Infusi Sennae compositi Da. Signa.
30.0
93
Recipe:
Extracti Sanguisorbae fluidi Da in vitro nigro. Signa.
30 ml
94
Recipe:
Mentholi Olei Persicorum Misce. Da. Signa.
0.1
10.0
95
Recipe:
Rhizomatis Nupharis concisi Aquae destillatae Misce ut fiat infusum. Da. Designate.
15.0 250 ml
Task V. Translate the following medical prescriptions from English into
Latin.
96
Take:
Petals of poppy Citric acid Sugar Distilled water Mix in order to obtain syrupus of poppy. Give. Designate.
50.0
1.0
650.0 400 ml 97
Take:
Tincture of yellow water lily Distilled water Mix. Give. Designate.
10 ml 20 ml
98
Take:
Salicylic acid Lactic acid Concentrated acetic acid Collodion Mix. Give. Designate.
in equal measures of 6.0
3.0 up to 20.0
*collodium, i, n — a clear or slightly opalescent, highly flammable, syrupy liquid compounded of pyroxylin, ether, and alcohol
85
99
Take:
Buds of pine tree Leaves of coltsfoot Mix. Give. Designate.
in equal measures of 30.0
100
Take:
Tincture of lilly-of-the-valley Tincture of valerian Fluid extract of hawthorn Menthol Mix. Give such doses number 3. Designate.
in equal measures of 10 ml 5 ml
0.5
Task VI. Study and memorize the following term-elements.
cyt(us) erythr leuc lymph
— cell — red — white — lymph
-genesis, gen­penia poёsis thromb
— birth, descent, development — lack of smth, deficiency — production, making — blood clot
Task VII. Find the term-elements in the following Latin terms and explain
their meanings.
leucocytus leukocytopenia leucopoesis leucocyturia cytopenia
oncogenesis rhinopathia thrombophilia erythrolysis anaesthesia
ADDITIONAL ASSIGNMENTS
Task VIII. Derive Latin and English terms with the following meanings,
write down the dictionary form of Latin words.
1. Red blood cell.
2. A deficiency in the number of red blood cells in the body.
3. The formation of erythrocytes.
4. The development and growth of an embryo.
5. Any disorder of the brain.
6. Decrease of the red blood cells and haemoglobin in the blood.
7. Excessive accumulation of blood in a part, organ, or tissue.
8. Narrowing or stricture of the larynx.
9. Inflammation of all the joints.
10. Inflammation of all structures of the heart.
86
Task IX. Write down the dictionary form of the words and translate the
following word combinations from English into Latin.
1. acetate of barium
2. hydrocarbonate of zinc
3. bismuth bromide
4. magnesium nitrite
5. yellow rhizome of yellow water lily
6. yellow flowers of yellow water lily
7. Citric acid is dissolved in water.
8. Boric acid is dissolved in solutions of salts.
9. Salicylic acid is a a powder.
10. Ascorbic acid, starch, sugar are in the root of yellow water lily.
87
REVISION. GRAMMAR
ASSIGNMENTS
Task I. Give the dictionary form of the following words.
labor actio blastoma calyx mors
caput foramen frons herpes pater
combustio hepar immunitas longitudo navis (parisyllabic)
Task II. Decline the following word combinations in all cases:
- liquor anisatus;
- extremitas sinistra;
- elixir amarum;
- acidum oxalicum.
Task III. Write down the dictionary form of the words and translate the
following word combinations from English into Latin.
A.
1. nitrite of sodium
2. citrate of coppe
3. phosphate of codeine;
4. lactate of iron
5. activated charcoal in tablets
6. active substances in Amidopiri
7. diluted solution of ammonia liquor;
8. oily emulsion
9. etheric oils of tansy
10. bark, berries and leaves of sea buckthorns
11. dried roots of water pepper
12. fluid extract of lingonberry
13. corn silk and corn oil
14. ethylic and diethilic aether
15. etheric oil and acids in the seeds of yellow water lily
88
B.
1. (sing.) Work carefully with ethyl aether!
2. (sing.) Keep tincture of digitalis in a black flask.
3. (plur.) Keep dry leaves of plantain in the box.
4. (plur.) Filter the infusion of the leaves of bogbean.
5. (sing.) Dissolve emulsion in castor oil.
6. Bogbean is an antiemetic and antiseptic remedy.
7. Leaves, flowers, root and rhizome of poppy are poisonous.
8. Shepard’s bag is a haemostatic, diuretic, antipyretic remedy.
9. Powered leaves of poppy are a haemostatic remedy.
10. Tansy contains camphor.
11. Warm liquid is percolated and cooled.
12. Mucus of flax seed is prepared as required.
13. Bitter glicoside, oil,iodine are in the leaves of bogbean.
14. Roots of bogbean contain resins and acids.
15. Decoctions, infusions, oils, emulsions, and patches are used by patients
(male patient — aegrotus, i, m, use Ablativus pluralis).
Task IV. Translate the following medical prescriptions from Latin into
English.
101
Recipe:
Extracti Aloës Extracti Rhei Extracti pulveris radicis Glycyrrhizae quantum satis ut fiant pilulae Numero 30 Da. Signa.
ana 3.0
102
Recipe:
Decocti rhizomatis Sanguisorbae Da. Signa.
ex 15.0–200 ml
103
Recipe:
Acidi salicylici Zinci oxydi Amyli Tricici Vaselini Misce ut fiat pasta Da. Signa.
1.0
ana 12.5 ad 50.0
104
Recipe:
Solutionis Ephedrini hydrochloridi 5 % pro injectionibus Da tales doses Numero 6 in ampullis. Signa.
1.0
89
105
Recipe:
Tincturae Valerianae Tincturae Convallariae Natrii bromidi Aquae Amygdalarum amararum Misce. Da. SIgna.
ana 10 ml
4.0
5.
Task V. Translate the following medical prescriptions from English into
Latin.
106
Take:
Leaves of plantain Distilled water Honey Mix. Give. Designate.
50.0 up to 250 ml
40.0
107
Take:
Ammonia-anise drops Syrup of marshmallow Distilled water Mix. Give. Designate.
50 ml
30.0 up to 200 ml
108
Take:
Fluid extract of shepherd’s purse Give. Designate.
20 ml
109
Take:
Decoction of the bark of eucomia Give. Designate.
ex 15.0–200 ml 110
Take:
Carlsbad salt Give. Designate.
125.0
Task VI. Find the term-elements in the following Latin terms and explain
their meanings. Write down the dictionary form of these words.
gastrostenosis spasmophilia glycogenesis pharyngitis pharyngopathia
uropenia thrombocytopenia thrombocytus lymphocytus osteogenesis
90
REVISION. MEDICAL PRESCRIPTIONS
ASSIGNMENTS
Task I. Give the dictionary form of the following words.
hirudo calcar pollex chiasma pax
curatio helix irritabilitas natis (parisyllabic) origo
magnitudo mens occiput adductor phalanx
Task II. Decline the following word combinations in all cases:
- homo aegrotus;
- mucilago amylacea;
- caput longum;
- sirupus compositus.
Task III. Write down the dictionary form of the words and translate the
following word combinations from English into Latin.
A
1. phosphate of codeine
2. chopped cortex of Eucommia;
3. suppositories and ointments;
4. sulfate of barium
5. arsenite of potassium
6. citrate of copper
7. seeds of flax and seeds of sunflower
8. tar in itself
9. bark of European elder
10. tincture of belladonna
11. flowers of chamomile in the box
12. pillular mass in a sufficient quantity
13. flowers of linden in the infusion
14. bottles, jars, boxes
15. warm and cold water
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