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Файл:Basics of Latin in Pharmacia (for students in the English medium). Study aid
.pdf
61
Task VI. Find the term-elements in the following Latin terms and explain
their meanings.
hyperkalaemia
hypocalciaemia
hypercalciuria
hypernatraemia
hyponatraemia
hypermagnesaemia
hypomagnesaemia
hyperoxaemia
hypoxia
hypoxaemia
ADDITIONAL ASSIGNMENTS
Task VII. Translate the following word combinations from Latin into
English.
1. Olea aetherea in lagenis bene obturatis in loco frigido servantur.
2 Praeparatum Hydrogenii peroxydi ut remedium bactericidum adhibetur.
3. Medici acidum ascorbinicum in tabulettis praesribunt.
4. Unguentum Hydrargyri album, flavum, cinereum est.
5. Hydrogenii peroxydum ut remedium externum antisepticum aut haemostati-
cum adhibetur.
6. Servate Hydrogenii peroxydum in vitris flavis loco frigido et obscuro.
7. Acidum aceticum concentratum praescribunt.
8. In plantis acida organica continentur: acidum formicum, acidum lacticum,
acidum oxalicum, acidum tatraricum, acidum citricum, acidum benzoicum.
9. Sulfur elementum necessarium organismi humani est.
10. Acidum arsenicosum toxicum est.
Task VIII. Write down the dictionary form of the words and translate the
following word combinations from English into Latin.
1. yellow mercury ointment
2. syrup of aloe with iron
3. diluted hydrochloric acid
4. tablets of nicotine acid.
5. tablets of ascorbic acid.
6. Arsenic and chlorine are toxic substances.
7. Iodine and chlorine are bactericidal remedies.
8. Barium is dissolved in water.
9. They dissole bismuth in nitric acid.
10. Сacao contains copper, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, fluorine.
62
REVISION. GRAMMAR
ASSIGNMENTS
Task I. Decline the following word combinations in all cases:
- tabuletta amara;
- sirupus ruber;
- acidum salicylicum;
- Eucalyptus cinerea.
Task II. Write down the dictionary form of the words and translate the
following word combinations from English into Latin.
A.
1. a bottle of cold water
2. tincture of iodine
3. dry extract of guelder-rose
4. fluid extract of aloe
5. sleep-inducing tablets
6. ointment of yellow hydrogen acid
7. into the white box (direction)
8. in the blue bottle (location)
9. analgesic emulsion
10. drops of poison-nut tincture
11. substances in suppositories and globules
12. the berries of sea buckthorns
13. the leaves of medicinal plants
14. zinc ointment in a dark flask
15. dry herb of sweet grass in the box
B.
1. (sing.) Dissolve the tablet in water.
2. (sing.) Take in capsules or tablets.
3. (sing.) Add drops of marigold tincture.
4. (plur.) Prepare the tincture of lily-of-the-valley.
5. (plur.) Prescribe the tablets of snowdon rose to the male patient.
6. (plur.) Dry berries and buds of plants.
7. Mix, in order to obtain pills.
63
8. Belladonna is analgesic and spasmolytic remedy.
9. Analgin, antipirin, amidopirin are analgesic and antipyretic remedies.
10. The male patient takes the tincture of Maral root.
11. The female patients keep the herbs in the box.
12. They dissolve hydrochloric acid.
13. Cold water is distilled and boiled.
14. Bearberry, cowberry and buds of birch tree are used as diuretics.
15. Boric acid is an antiseptic remedy.
Task III. Read and translate the text from Latin into English.
Oleum Ricini
Oleum Ricini acidum linoleum et acidum oleicum continet. Oleum Ricini lucidum et flavum est. Oleum Ricini remedium laxativum et purgativum est. Oleum
Ricini in unguentis adhibetur. Oleum Ricini in lagoenis et capsulis servatur.
Task IV. Translate the following medical prescriptions from Latin into
English.
51
Recipe:
Tincturae Leonuri
Tincturae Strychni
Misce. Da. Signa.
15 ml
5 ml
52
Recipe:
Foliorum Sennae
Da in charta.
Designate.
10.0
53
Recipe:
Succi Kalanchoës
Da. Signa.
20 ml
54
Recipe:
Acidi salicylici
Unguenti olei Terebinthinae
Misce. Da. Signa.
2.0
30.0
55
Recipe:
Tincturae Capsici
Da. Signa.
20 ml
64
Task V. Translate the following medical prescriptions from English into
Latin.
56
Take:
Petroleum jelly
Sterilize!
Give. Designate.
100 ml
57
Take:
White clay
Oil of peppermint
Mix. Give. Designate.
60.0
10 drops
58
Take:
Composite chloroform liniment
Da. Designate.
30 ml
59
Take:
Fluid nettle extract
Fluid milfoil extract
Mix. Give. Designate.
in equal measures of 20 ml
60
Take:
Riboflavin
Ascorbic acid
Distilled water
Mix. Give. Designate.
0.001
0.2
120 ml
Task VI. Find the term-elements in the following Latin terms and explain
their meanings.
helminthologia
pharyngospasmus
oncopsychiatria
anaemia
angiopathia
odontolysis
hyperaemia
odontalgia
rhinorrhoea
dystrophia
65
REVISION. MEDICAL PRESCRIPTIONS
ASSIGNMENTS
Task I. Decline the following word combinations in all cases:
- tinctura aethereal;
- decoctum calidum;
- globulus ruber;
- bolus alba.
Task II. Translate the following word combinations from English into
Latin; write down the dictionary form of the words.
1. a white bottle of warm water
2. yellow berries of sea buckthorns
3. herb of motherwort and leaves of sunflower
4. diluted sulfuric acid in the bottle
5. concentrated arsenic acid
6. dry leaves of purple echinacea
7. psychoactive remedies
8. (sing.) Prescribe tablets of ascorbic acid to the female patient
9. (plur.) Keep castor-oil in black flask.
10. add gelatin mass
11. belladonna is analgesic and spasmolytic remedy
12. ichtyol and henbane oil are oily substances.
13. they prepare purified serum.
14. gold and silver are cytostatic remedies.
15. the ampoules are given in the box.
Task III. Translate the following medical prescriptions from Latin into
English.
61
Recipe:
Extracti Urticae fluidi
Extracti Millefolii fluidi
Misce. Da. Signa.
ana 25 ml
62
Recipe:
Emulsi olei Ricini
Sirupi Sacchari
Misce. Da. Signa.
80.0
ad 200.0
66
63
Recipe:
Tincturae Valerianae
Tincturae Convallariae
Tincturae Leonuri
Lanolini
Pastae Zinci
Misce. Da. Signa.
ana 2.5
7.5
ad 50.0
64
Recipe:
Extracti Virburni
Aquae destillatae
Misce. Da. Signa.
0.001
120 ml
65
Recipe:
Pepsini
Acidi hydrohlorici dilute
Aquae destillatae
Sirupi Sacchari
Misce. Da. Signa.
2.0
5 ml
180 ml
ad 200.0
Task IV. Translate the following medical prescriptions from English into
Latin.
66
Take:
White clay
Castor oil
Mix. Give. Designate.
40.0
60 ml
67
Take:
Benzoic acid
Salicylic acid
Petroleum jelly
Mix in order to obtain ointment.
Give. Designate.
0.6
0.3
10.0
68
Take:
Tincture of poison nut
Tincture of magnolia vine
Mix. Give. Designate.
5 ml
20 ml
69
Take:
Anise oil
Give. Designate
15 ml
70
Take:
Peach kernel oil
Oil of wheat
Aetheric oil of canker
Mix. Give. Designate.
15 ml
in equal measures of 2 drops
67
Task V. Derive Latin and English terms with the following meanings,
write down the dictionary form of Latin words.
1. a pathological tendency to involuntary muscle spasms and spontaneous con-
vulsions
2. sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles
3. hemorrhage from the eye
4. the clinical syndrome caused by toxic substances in the blood
5. clinical study and treatment of sleep disorders and irregularities
6. intestinal hemorrhage; bleeding within the intestinal tract
7. medical doctors who specialize in anaesthesia care, pain management
8. the process in which glucose is broken down to produce energy
9. generalized physical weakness and/or a lack of energy and strength
10. condition of impaired digestion
Task VI. Read and translate the text from Latin into English.
Rauwolfia
Rauwolfia serpentina planta perennis est. Extracta e Rauwolfia in medicina adhibentur. Rauwolfia serpentina multa alkaloida (Reserpinum, Rescinaminum, Rauwolfinum etc.) continet. Reserpinum alcaloidum basicum Rauwolfiae ut validum
remedium sedativum et hypotensivum nunc notum est. Hoc via synthetica ab anno
1959 efficitur. Alcaloidum somnum psysiologicum firmat. Medici Reserpinum ad
hypertoniam et morbos psychicos praescribunt.
serpentinus, a, um — serpentlike
perennis — perrenial
nunc — now, at present
notus, a, um — famous
hoc — it
firmare — to strengthen
68
10. NOUNS OF THE 3RD DECLENSION
(MASCULINE GENDER)
The 3rd declension of nouns combines the words of all genders: masculine,
feminine, and neuter. There are three types of nouns of the 3rd declension:
1) the main or the consonant type,
2) the vowel type,
3) the mixed type.
The main or consonant type combines words of masculine, feminine, and neuter gender. In Nominativus singularis they have various endings, but in Genetivus
singularis they have one common ending -is.
To decline nouns of the 3rd declension it’s important to find their stems. To find
the stem of a word in the 3rd declension, one has to take its Genetive case and remove
the ending —is, and the remaining part of the word is its stem:
e.g. flos, floris, m → the stem is — flor.
The nouns of masculine gender of the 3rd declension have the following endings:
Nominativus
Genetivus
Examples
-o
-onis
-inis
flaco, onis, m
homo, inis, m
-or
-oris
liquor, oris, m
-os
-oris
flos, floris, m
-er
-eris
-(t)ris
Aether, eris, m
venter, tris, m
-es
-edis
-etis
pes, pedis, m
paries, etis, m
-ex
-icis
cortex, icis, m
The nouns of the 3rd declension of all genders, which are classified as the main
or the consonant type, possess the following endings:
3rd declension
the main or the consonant type
Singularis
Pluralis
m, f
n
m, f
n
Nom.
various
es
a
Gen.
is
um
Dat.
i
ibus
Acc.
em
Like Nom.
es
a
Abl.
e
ibus
69
When it’s necessary to decline a word combination consisting of a noun and an
adjective, you have to agree the gender of the adjective with the gender of the noun.
Both the noun and the adjective are characterized by similar gender but their declensions can be different (the endings are not similar as well).
Example: masculine gender (masculinum)
Singularis
Pluralis
Nom.
3 m 2 m
cortex concisus
3 m 2 m
cortices concisi
Gen.
corticis concisi
corticum concisorum
Dat.
cortici conciso
corticibus concisis
Acc.
corticem concisum
cortices concisos
Abl.
cortice conciso
corticibus concisis
There are some exceptions in the list of the words of the 3rd declension. These
words have the endings of masculine gender but the words are either feminine or neuter gender. They should be declined according to their genders.
ACTIVE VOCABULARY
activatus, a, um
color, oris, m
auctor, oris, m
dolor, oris, m
flaco, onis, m
homo, inis, m
provisor, oris, m
pulmo, onis, m
sapo, onis, m
dexter, tra, trum
diethylicus, a, um
sinister, tra, trum
saponatus, a, um
aether, eris, m
cortex, icis, m
carbo, onis, m
flos, oris, m
Bursa pastoris
— activated
— fever
— author, the doctor who writes out a medical
prescription
— ache, pain
— bottle
— a human being
— pharmacist
— lung
— soap
— right
— diethyl, diethylated
— left
— soapy
— aether
— bark
— charcoal, coal
— flower
— shepherd’s purse
70
Euphyllinum, i, n
liquor, oris, m
liquor Ammonii anisatus
liquor Ammonii caustici
mucilago, inis, f
Tanacetum, i, n
— Eufillin
— liquid, fluid
— ammonia-anise drops
— ammonia liquor, ammonia spirit
— mucilage
— tansy, feverfew
os, ossis, n
os, oris, n
tuber, eris, n
Papaver, eris, n
Piper, eris, n
Polygonum hydropiper, eris, n
arbor, oris, f
Menyanthes, idis, f
Menyanthes trifoliata
Sambucus, i, f
Sambucus nigra
Da in flaconibus.
in dragee
— bone
— mouth
— tuber
— poppy
— pepper
— water paper, hydropiper pepper
— tree
— bogbean, buckbean
— European elder
— Give in the bottles.
— in dragee
LATIN WORD COMBINATIONS
per os
per rectum
— orally, through the mouth
— rectally, through the rectum
ASSIGNMENTS
Task I. Decline the following word combinations in all cases:
- pulmo dexter;
- liquor albus;
- сamphora trita.
Task II. Translate the following sentences from Latin into English.
1. Flores Sambuci nigrae exiccati.
2. Folia Menyanthidis trifoliatae seu Trifolii fibrini.
3. Flores Papaveris subatantias somniferas continent .
4. Bursa pastoris planta medicata est.
5. Mucilagines formae medicamentorum sunt.
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