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Файл:Перевод и реферирование общественно-политических текстов из средств массовой информации. Учебное пособие
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Unit 14. From Slavery To Freedom
та распространяется лишь на европейских граждан, а мигранты практически
не защищены», – резюмирует Жаклин Ларсен [7].
Ефимова Мария
РИА Новости
12 апреля, 2018 г.
91
Unit
15
Read and translate the article
‘He lost his mind’:
Slain missionary John Allen Chau planned for years
to convert remote tribe
By Annie Gowen
On Instagram, John A. Chau came off like a carefree young adventurer –
climbing mountain peaks and exploring jungles. But in reality, the missionary
harbored a deadly obsession with an isolated tribe in India he had first read about
as a teen.
Chau spent years planning and training to travel illegally to remote
North Sentinel Island on a mission to convert its residents to Christianity,
including learning emergency medicine, and studying linguistics and cultural
anthropology, his missionary group said. Though he knew the islanders
had long violently resisted outsiders, he conducted a covert mission to the
protected island this month. Police said that shortly after he arrived at the
island this month, the tribe killed him. Indian authorities say they have yet to
recover the body.
The death of the 26-year-old missionary from Washington state – who broke
a raft of laws and put the health of the indigenous people at risk – has sparked
international outrage, a heated debate about the protection of tribal communities
and at least two investigations by authorities in India. It also has prompted soulsearching in the U.S. evangelical community, which has been debating whether
Chau was a martyr, a fool or was afflicted by a messiah complex.
“God, I don’t want to die,” Chau scrawled in his journal while sitting in a fishing
boat off the coast of the island where the North Sentinelese people live, shortly
before he was killed. “WHO WILL TAKE MY PLACE IF I DO?”
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Unit 15. ‘He lost his mind’: Slain missionary John Allen Chau planned for years to convert remote tribe
Chau, easygoing and friendly, seemed like any other backpacker when he
showed up at Remco Snoeij’s dive shop in 2016 on Havelock Island – in India’s
Andaman and Nicobar island chain – and said he wanted to learn to scuba dive.
Chau’s time on the island, a diver’s haven, was largely unremarkable. He
stayed in a house called Scubaluv, which was filled with “chattering geckos,” swam
with parrotfish and snapped pictures of blue coral for his Instagram account, where
he had 17,000 followers.
Yet Snoeij recalled that Chau seemed intently interested in the North
Sentinelese tribe, which lived a Stone Age existence on a nearby island, protected
by a three-mile, exclusion zone imposed by the Indian government. The tribe has
long resisted outside human contact; when Indian helicopters flew overhead after
the 2004 tsunami, members of the tribe fired arrows and threw spears.
Snoeij told Chau that the island was off-limits, but on dive excursions, he
regaled the American with local lore – about the two fishermen who traveled to the
island in 2006 and were strangled by islanders, about the rumors that the Japanese
military had buried gold there during World War II.
“He shared a keen interest in researching and knowing more about them,”
Snoeij said. “It must have struck a chord.”
Chau later told other friends he was on a kind of reconnaissance mission; police
said that on his last trip to the island, he spent time studying how to circumvent
military patrols.
Chau had a “very meticulous plan to camouflage his expedition as fishing
activity,” said Dependra Pathak, the director general of police for the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands.
The son of a doctor who fled China during the Cultural Revolution, Chau had
been fascinated with the outdoors since he pulled a dusty copy of “Robinson
Crusoe” off his father’s bookshelf as a child, he told an online wilderness
adventure journal. He later read the novel “The Sign of the Beaver,” about a
boy who is left alone and guards his family’s log cabin with the help of a Native
American friend.
That book “inspired my brother and I to paint our faces with wild blackberry
juice and to tramp through our backyard with bows and spears we created from
sticks,” Chau recalled.
In an email, Chau’s father, Patrick, declined to comment, saying the family
needs peace.
Chau majored in sports medicine at Oral Roberts University, graduating in
2014, and he volunteered for soccer programs in Iraq and South Africa. He lived in
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Перевод и реферирование общественно-политических текстов из средств массовой информации
a cabin for three summers in Whiskeytown National Recreation Area in California;
at one point, he was hospitalized after being bitten by a rattlesnake.
A friend, John Middleton Ramsey, 22, recalls that in 2016 Chau stayed with
him in Bellingham, Wash., and that the island in the Andaman Sea was much on
his mind. Chau confided that he was avoiding romantic attachments because of
his planned mission.
“He knew of the dangers of this place,” Ramsey recalled. “He didn’t want any
hearts to get broken should something go wrong. He was very much aware of what
he was doing. He also knew it wasn’t exactly legal.”
That year, Chau joined forces with All Nations, a missionary group based in
Kansas City, Mo., that sends Christian missionaries to 40 countries. The group
provided him training and support, according to Mary Ho, its international executive
leader. She was surprised by the “soft-spoken, very gentle young man” who had a
very “radical call” to find “unreached groups.”
“You could see that every decision he has made, every step he has taken
since then was driven by his desire to be among the North Sentinelese people,” Ho
said. He planned to live there for years and hoped to learn their language.
Ho said the group was aware that Chau had traveled to India as a tourist,
without the proper missionary visa, because missionary visas “aren’t easy to come
by.” Ho insisted that Chau had not violated any laws, though authorities in India
said he clearly did.
Brahma Chellaney, a professor at the Center for Policy Research in New Delhi,
says Chau violated the country’s aboriginal and forest protection laws as well as
cultural norms.
“He repeatedly trespassed on this island, and they lost their patience with him,”
Chellaney said. “There is faith, and there is mental illness. . . . He didn’t understand
the line between faith and doing something that’s absolutely nutty.”
Chau’s diary, which his family provided to The Washington Post, unfolds like
the adventure novels he once read. He arrived in the Andamans on Oct. 16 and
paid fishermen to take him by boat at night to the island on Nov. 14, evading the
lights of patrols on the way. When the sun broke, Chau drew near the tribe. The
women began “looing and chattering,” he wrote, and he was faced by men armed
with bows and arrows. “My name is John, I love you and Jesus loves you,” he
shouted before retreating.
The second day, he kayaked to the island and tried to offer the tribe small gifts –
fish, scissors, cord and safety pins. A man in white with a crown, possibly made of
flowers, shouted at him. He responded by singing “worship songs and hymns” and
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Unit 15. ‘He lost his mind’: Slain missionary John Allen Chau planned for years to convert remote tribe
the tribe fell silent. A juvenile fired an arrow at him, piercing his waterproof Bible.
Chau fled on foot through the mangroves.
“Lord, is this island Satan’s last stronghold where none have heard or even
had the chance to hear your name?” he wrote.
By the third day, he became convinced he was going to die.
“Watching the sunset and it’s beautiful – crying a bit … wondering if it will be
the last sunset I see,” he wrote. He asked the fishermen to drop him on the beach.
They returned the next day and saw the tribesmen dragging Chau’s body.
The fishermen have been arrested, as has a friend of Chau’s who helped
organize the boat trip. Police have no strategy to retrieve his body and don’t plan
to confront the islanders, Pathak said.
Chau’s friends from the islands are still grieving and mystified by the whole
episode.
“He lost his mind, definitely,” Snoeij said. “But ask any adventurer. You have to
lose your mind a little bit, otherwise you don’t do it.” [32]
Annie Gowen
The Washington Post
November 27, 2018
Vocabulary Practice
1. Give Russian equivalents to the following words and phrases from the article.
Slain, remote, carefree, to harbor, deadly obsession, isolated tribe, islanders,
indigenous people, international outrage, martyr, to scrawl, easygoing, backpacker,
to strangle, rumors, to circumvent, meticulous plan, be fascinated, to trespass,
nutty, to unfold, to chatter, bows and arrows, to retreat, stronghold, to retrieve.
2. Read the article again and fill the gaps with appropriate words.
1) /the missionary ………………. a deadly ………………. with an isolated
tribe in India/
2) / he conducted a ………………. mission to the protected ………………. this
month.
3) /a ………………. debate about the protection of ………………. communities
and at least two ………………. by authorities in India.
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Перевод и реферирование общественно-политических текстов из средств массовой информации
4) /Chau ………………. in his journal while sitting in a ………………. boat off
the coast of the island/
5) /the island was ………………., but on dive excursions, he regaled the
American with local ………………./
6) /he was ………………. romantic ………………. because of his planned
mission.
7) /Chau ………………. the country’s aboriginal and forest protection laws as
well as ………………. norms.
8) He repeatedly ………………. on this island/
3. Look for words and expressions in the article which are suitable for the following
explanations.
1) keep (a thought or feeling, typically a negative one) in one’s mind, especially
secretly.
2) a hidden assignment of high importance carried out for political, religious,
or commercial purposes, typically involving travel.
3) an extremely strong reaction of anger, shock, or indignation at the
international level.
4) a passionate formal discussion on a particular topic in a public meeting or
legislative assembly, in which opposing arguments are put forward.
5) a person who is killed because of his/her religious or other beliefs.
6) a weapon with a long shaft and a pointed tip, typically of metal, used for
thrusting or throwing.
7) prohibited, forbidden, banned.
8) military observation of a region to locate an enemy or ascertain strategic
features.
9) pull (someone or something) along forcefully, roughly, or with difficulty.
10) enter the owner’s land or property without permission.
4. Comment on the following quotations.
“You have one business on earth – to save souls.”
“I will go anywhere, provided it be forward.”
96
John Wesley
David Livingstone
Unit 15. ‘He lost his mind’: Slain missionary John Allen Chau planned for years to convert remote tribe
“Never pity missionaries; envy them. They are where the real action is -- where
life and death, sin and grace, Heaven and Hell converge.”
Robert C. Shannon
“Untold millions are still untold.”
John Wesley
“It is an alarming experience to be, in your person, representing Christianity to
the natives.”
Isak Dinesen, Out of Africa
5. Write a summary of the article.
6. Translate the text into English.
Кто такие миссионеры:
служители добра или непрошеные гости?
Чем занимаются миссионеры?
Джон Аллен (не имеющий отношения к погибшему Джону Аллену Чо) и
его жена, сертифицированная медсестра-акушерка Лена, 15 лет работают в
качестве христианских миссионеров в Папуа – Новой Гвинее.
Эта американская пара стремится пропагандировать христианские ценности и евангельскую модель трансформации личности.
«Мы не добиваемся того, чтобы люди верили в то же, во что верим мы, –
рассказал Аллен в электронном письме Би-би-си. – Мы хотим, чтобы люди
сами увидели в Библии, что у Бога есть план для всего человечества в целом
и для каждого из нас в отдельности».
Десять лет назад пара открыла медицинскую клинику для жителей общины камеа в новогвинейской провинции Галф.
В их лечебном центре «Кунаи» работают пятеро местных сотрудников и
три медсестры из США. Кроме лечения болезней и травм, они запустили несколько программ для будущих мам и новорожденных.
Аллен говорит, что они с женой в совершенстве овладели общепринятым в этих краях языком ток-писин, служащим основным средством общения
между сотнями сильно различающихся между собой этнических групп Папуа –
Новой Гвинеи. А сейчас они учат и язык камеа. До 2009 года у этого языка не
существовало письменности, но сейчас супружеская чета пытается его записывать.
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Перевод и реферирование общественно-политических текстов из средств массовой информации
«Его очень сложно учить, потому что нам самим приходится документировать этот язык, – говорит Аллен. – Насколько мы знаем, ни один иностранец до сих пор этот язык не выучил».
«Но не все миссионерство сегодня выглядит так; это мы решили всем
этим заняться», – объясняет он.
Эндрю Престон, профессор американской истории в Кембридже, говорит, что традиционно многие миссионеры первыми учили ранее неизвестные
языки.
«Сегодня это не так распространено, – объясняет он Би-би-си. – Но 100
лет назад только миссионеры и владели этими языками, и не только малоизвестными африканскими и азиатскими языками, но даже китайским и японским».
Аллен признает, что ему постоянно приходится узнавать для себя что-то
новое, он всецело поглощен этим процессом.
«Лучший способ узнать людей – это посидеть с ними в грязи, поесть с
ними их еды, поспать у них в хижинах, разделить с ними радостные и тяжелые моменты, – говорит он. – Тогда ты начинаешь ценить свою новую семью
и смотреть на их культуру их глазами».
Скотт и Дженнифер Эспозито работают внеконфессиональными миссионерами в Никарагуа. У них там своя ферма, спортивные программы и группы
по изучению Библии, в которых они распространяют свою веру.
«Мы неустанно распространяем слово Божье», – рассказал Скотт в телефонном разговоре с Би-би-си. Супруги намеренно не считают число людей,
которых они обратили в свою веру, но, по их примерным прикидкам, это от
800 до 1200 человек за последние шесть лет.
«Каждая душа имеет значение, – говорит Скотт. – Когда ты начинаешь
их считать и ставить себе цель, например, 500 человек, ты становишься настолько одержим цифрами, что проходишь мимо того человека, который так
важен, что на него пришлось бы потратить много времени» [14].
Лакхерст Тоби
BBC News – Русская служба
29 ноября, 2018 г.
98
Unit
16
Read and translate the article
Trump’s false claim that Obama had the same family separation policy
By Salvador Rizzo
“Obama separated . . . . . . . . children from parents, as did Bush etc., because
that is the policy and law. I tried to keep them together but the problem is, when
you do that, vast numbers of additional people storm the Border. So with Obama
separation is fine, but with Trump it’s not. Fake 60 Minutes!”
– President Trump, in a pair of tweets, Nov. 25, 2018
“Mexico should move the flag waving Migrants, many of whom are stone cold
criminals, back to their countries.”
– Trump, in a tweet, Nov. 26, 2018
“They had to use [tear gas on migrants at the border] because they were being
rushed by some very tough people. And they used tear gas.”
– Trump, remarks at the White House, Nov. 26, 2018
It’s not the first time Trump tries to minimize the scope of his family separations
at the border by claiming that President Barack Obama had the same policy.
This claim and its variations have been roundly debunked. We gave them Four
Pinocchios in June. But they’re back now, and so are we.
Trump also claimed without evidence again that “criminals” are part of the
migrant caravans traveling from Central America to the U.S.-Mexico border. The
administration over the past month has tried to cobble together proof of Trump’s
claim. It has almost nothing but supposition to show the public. Many of the
caravan members are women and children fleeing violence in their home countries
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Перевод и реферирование общественно-политических текстов из средств массовой информации
or seeking economic opportunity in the United States. They hardly fit Trump’s
description of “very tough people” rushing the border.
The Facts
There is simply no comparison between Trump’s family separation policy
and the border enforcement actions taken by the Obama and George W. Bush
administrations. (After a public outcry, Trump in late June signed an executive
order to end family separations.)
Obama had guidelines that prioritized the deportation of gang members,
national security risks and felons. Once he took office, Trump issued an executive
order rolling back much of that framework and scrapping the priority list. Trump’s
January 2017 order refers only to “criminal offenses,” which is broad enough to
encompass serious felonies and misdemeanors.
But the key difference here is that in April, the Justice Department rolled out a
“zero tolerance” policy of prosecuting all adults caught crossing the border illegally.
As a result of this and the Department of Homeland Security’s decision in May
to refer all illegal-crossing cases to federal prosecutors, families apprehended at
the border were systematically separated. The reason is simple: Children can’t be
prosecuted with their parents.
This is worlds apart from the Obama- and Bush-era policy of separating
children from adults at the border only in limited circumstances, such as when
officials suspected human trafficking or another kind of danger to the child, or when
false claims of parentage were made.
“The biggest difference really is the difference between a policy that is targeted
and tailored to protect a child and a policy which essentially uses children as a
way to punish the parents or to deter them from doing the thing that we don’t want
them to do,” said Cecilia Muñoz, who oversaw immigration as director of Obama’s
domestic policy council. “The scale as a result is very different and the impact is
very different.”
When DHS presented family separations as one of several options to the
Obama administration, it was immediately rejected as “immoral,” she added.
Morality questions aside, the proposal would have been a costly “logistical
nightmare” for DHS and the Department of Health and Human Services, which is
tasked with resettling separated or unaccompanied children at the border, Muñoz
said.
Responding to questions for a previous fact check, a DHS spokeswoman
sent figures from fiscal 2010 through 2016 showing that, of 2,362,966 adults
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