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Файл:Наречие оценки и категоризация опыта. Монография
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111
-
1997, 243).
правилами, нормами,
законами, условностями, стереотипами…
(237) As he (Mr Dursley) sat in the usual morning traffic jam, he couldn’t
help noticing that there seemed to be a lot of strangely dressed people
about. People in cloaks. Mr Dursley couldn’t bear people who dressed in
funny clothes – the get-ups you saw on young people! He supposed this
was some stupid new fashion (Rowling (1), 9).
strangely
dressed people
cloaks
strangely
112
(238) Mr. Hayek himself is uncharacteristically silent on the subject (FT,
Sept.6, 1998).
(239) The hotel doctor diagnosed measles and was politely insistent that
William should on no account be sent on a sea journey, not only for his
own good but for the sake of the other passengers (Archer (1), 55);
(240) Once everyone was settled, the Secretary of State opened the
meeting with a predictably banal speech of welcome, most of which could
have been used for anyone from Yeltsin to Mitterrand (Archer (3), 84).
indigestible food (lunch):
(241) Walking into the restaurant for a brief and predictably indigestible
lunch compound of all fried foods like all the other meals they were
offered he noticed a startlingly attractive woman (Steel (3), 34).
113
28
28
(242) Conrad Morgan clasped his hands together, and Tracy noticed how
beautifully manicured they were (Sheldon, 159);
(243) He had on a suit of the villainously fitting, ready-made clothes and
a pair of the stiff, squeaky shoes that the state furnishes to its discharged
compulsory guests (Henry, 174). . :
(244) You are incredibly, inordinately, devastatingly, immortally,
calamitously, hearteningly, adorably beautiful (the poet Rupert Brooke
to the actress Cathleen Nesbitt: Swan 1997, 69),
3.2.3.2. Наречия, категоризующие крайне высокую степень
отклонения от нормы
Мы с моей тетей, папиной сестрой Верой,
почему-то сидим на полосатом матрасе нежилой кровати и разговариваем.
Вера спрашивает: «Ты меня любишь?»
«Ужасно люблю», отвечаю я.
.
«Ужасно люблю
очень плохо, а очень плохо – не любят. Надо сказать – очень люблю!» -
«Ужасно люблю»,
«Ужжжасно люблю», уже со злобой повторяю я. Входит мама. Бросаюсь к
ней: «Мариночка, Вера сказала, что ужасно любить нельзя, что ужасно
люблю – не говорят, что можно только – очень люблю!» Мама берет меня
не говорят, поправляет меня Вера, ужасно – значит
упрямо повторяю я. «Очень!» – говорит Вера.
114
extremely too, very
ridiculously
The exam was ridiculously
(=extremely) easy (LDELC
(245) Annabelle had been sent to some ridiculously expensive school in
Switzerland (Skelton, 32).
monstrous adj 1. extremely bad, improper, immoral, or shocking;
disg
(246) It was the driver’s watch he had admired that morning, saying it
would be fun to have it for their trips to the beach and his stays in Cap
d’Antibes.
“My God, you’re mad! Chantal!” It had been monstrously expensive, but
she waved his objections away with a disinterested hand (Steel (1), 85);
abysmal adj 1. extremely bad or low in quality (MED, 6):
(247) He looked abysmally upset at what she was saying (Steel (5), 106);
formidable adj very impressive in size, power, or skill and therefore
deserving respect and often difficult to deal with (MED, 556):
(248) Formidably healthy thanks to a routine that includes a regular 6.30
a.m. swim and a vegetarian diet, it was hard for many of his friends to
imagine him moving on (FT, Oct.9, 2000).
extremely (very, too
monstrous bad,
improper, immoral, shocking, disgraceful; ridiculous silly, unreasonable;
на руки. «Можно, Алечка, ужасно любить – ужасно любить – лучше и
больше, чем просто любить или любить очень!» говорит мама и
раздувает ноздри – значит, сердится на Веру» – .
115
abysmal too strange or mysterious to understand; formidablе deserving
respect, difficult to deal with
monstrous improper to the degree of being immoral immoral to
the degree of being shocking shocking to the degree of being disgraceful.
unutterably unbelievably
(249) There was a kind of his happy world. Yet something was unjust, or
perhaps simply unutterably sad (Murdock, 51);
(250) His singing voice is unbelievably good (LDELC, 1433).
sad
(good
med:
congenital adj med
266);
рathological adj 1. med of pathology; 2. med caused by disease, esp. of
the mind; 3. infml unreasonable and unnatural; going on for a long time
and out of control (LDELC, 967).
:
(251) Michael was nearly ten, and at that painfully young age he, as
many as his contemporaries, would be sent off to the preparatory school
(Skelton, 101);
(252) The view was spectacular: the East River arced by the Brooklyn
and Williamsburg Bridges, the twin towers to the right, the Hudson
behind them, the streams of traffic, agonizingly slow in the evening rush
hour
(253) Taking what she had said at her bedroom door as a guide to guess
by, I could only conclude that she was mortally offended by our sending
for the police (Collins, 97).
116
. : pathologically jealous, paralytically drunk, intoxicatingly aware,
congenitally indiscreet, excruciatingly embarrassed, sickeningly comic, etc.
-
paralytically drunk, mortally offended, pathologically jealous,
- agonizingly slow, painfully
young, excruciatingly embarrassed
3.2.3.3. Наречия, категоризующие движение / отсутствие
движения по шкале
increasingly
(254) Baron Rosnovski became increasingly fond of the fierce dark-
haired boy who had replaced the younger brother for Leon
41);
(255) It wasn’t possible to be easy with him, and I was growing
increasingly uncomfortable (Whitney, 71).
stubbornly
stubborn adj
very difficult to change or defeat (MED
(256) Inflation in Russia remains stubbornly high (FT, March 13, 2001);
(257) Americans are, though they would never admit it, closet Keynesians
and detest the European’s stubbornly classical position (FT, May 2,
2001).
Stubbornly
inflation is high, position is classical
117
(258) He had a certain mercurial charm, and the leaps and turns of his
mind were amusing to observe, but inevitably discomforting (Davies, 14);
(259) He represented the unreasonable, unreasoning power of the
autocracy, and, although he had been unfailingly polite to her, he
nevertheless reminded her of the officials in St. Petersburg who had made
her so miserable (Ross, 68);
(260) Zaphia, whose English remained irredeemably shaky, didn’t reply
(Archer (2), 15).
stubbornly
inevitably,
irredeemably unfailingly
-
. :
(261) I wanted Betty to become a Roman Catholic…, but she’s hopelessly
protestant (Maugham (2), 432);
(262) Russia’s collective farms will probably cling on to existence,
hopelessly inefficient as they are (IHT, March 13, 01).
Hopelessly inefficient, extremely inefficient,
-
118
-
собственно интенсификаторы,
degree окказиональные
интенсификаторы
119
ГЛАВА 4. НАРЕЧИЕ ОЦЕНКИ: КАТЕГОРИЗАЦИЯ
ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО ОПЫТА ЧЕЛОВЕКА
4.1. Наречие оценки как способ категоризации намеренности /
ненамеренности совершения действия
- deliberately, (un)intentionally,
purposely, reluctantly, voluntarily, willfully, (un)willingly
volitional group A
Grammar
willing adj. 1.regarding favourably the possibility of doing something,
ready; 2. acting eagerly and without being forced (LDELC, 1501);
deliberate adj. (esp. of something bad) done on purpose or as a result of
careful planning; intentional (LDELC, 337);
voluntary adj. acting or done willingly, without being forced (LDELC,
1468);
intentional adj. (esp. of something bad) done on purpose; deliberate
(LDELC, 684);
reluctant adj. unwilling, and therefore perhaps slow to act (LDELC,
stop involuntarily, ask involuntarily, make a mistake inadvertently, come
automatically, close the door purposefully, lead purposefully, limit oneself
purposely, misunderstand purposely, go willingly, miss a party willingly, leave
reluctantly, laugh reluctantly, use jargon deliberately, provoke deliberately,
learn deliberately
120
4.1.1. Семантические особенности функционирования наречий
намеренности. Цель как основная составляющая наречий
намеренности
deliberately, purposely, purposefully, intentionally.
интенция: intentio
- намерение, цель
понятия
намеренности и цели не являются полностью синонимичными и
взаимозаменяемыми. deliberately
(263) Cooper had not taken his eyes off Tracy for an instant. He had
waited for her next move. But it had not come. She had not gone near any
of the paintings, nor had she made contact with an accomplice. All she
had done was knock over an easel and spill some paints on the floor, but
he was certain it had been done deliberately. But to what purpose?
(Sheldon, 317).
knock
over an easel and spill some paints on the floor
knock spill
и именно наличие наречия эксплицирует, что они
воспринимаются как намеренные.
(264) He was so full of wrath against grown-ups, who, as usual, were
spoiling everything, that as soon as he got inside his tree he breathed
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