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5. MOST
Артикль the перед прилагательным important, а также предлог in дают подсказку об употреблении в данном пропуске слова
most для образования превосходной степени прилагательного –
the most important «самый важный».
6. AS
Содержание текста свидетельствует о том, что пропущенное
слово должно иметь значение «в качестве», поэтому пропуск
нужно заполнить предлогом as – as a starter.
7. BUT
При заполнении пропуска 7 необходимо обратить внимание
на наличие в первой части предложения словосочетания not only,
которое является составной частью союза not only … but also «не
только … , но также». Следовательно, пропущенным словом является союз but.
8. WHERE
Пропущенное слово является союзным словом where, присоединяющим придаточное предложение к словосочетанию in
other countries, которое является обстоятельством места и отвечает на вопрос «где?».
9. THERE
Порядок слов в данной части предложения свидетельствует о
том, что в задании 9 пропущено подлежащее. Для обозначения
наличия различных видов пасты употребляется вводная конструкция there are (в значении «существует»), где наречие there
выполняет функцию подлежащего.
10. THAN
Наречие в сравнительной степени more указывает на необходимость употребления сравнительного союза than – more than
600 shapes «больше, чем 600 видов».
Текст 2
Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
The British are (1) … -known primarily for three things: the Queen,
tea and talking about the weather. Whether they are simply discussing
it, (2) … complaining bitterly about it, the weather often takes the
central place in communication. What makes the British weather (3)
… a fascinating topic is (4) … it is so changeable and unpredictable.
You never know (5) … the weather will be like from day to day.
“Lovely day, isn’t it!” “Bit nippy today.” “What strange weather
we’re having!” “It doesn’t look (6) … it’s going to stop raining today.”
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These are just a (7) … of the conversation starters to strike up a chat –
at the bus stop, in a shop, or with a neighbour. Perhaps, (8) … of
their favourite pastimes is to moan about the weather! In English (9)
… exist lots of general expressions (10) … show the importance of
weather in people’s lives.
Анализ текста 2
1. WELL
Пропуск является частью прилагательного well-known «хорошо известный».
2. OR
Союз or в данном случае вводит в придаточное предложение
вторую часть выбора из двух вариантов «или». Запомните выражение: whether … or «или … или».
3. SUCH
Частица such «такой» употребляется как усилитель существительного – such a fascinating topic «такая увлекательная тема».
4. THAT / WHY
В данном предложении присутствует связка What makes… is
that … «Что делает … это то, что …». Также возможно употребле-
ние вопросительного местоимения why.
5. WHAT
Данное предложение представляет собой трансформацию
вопроса What will the weather be like? в косвенной речи.
6. LIKE
Выражение look like «выглядит как» употребляется для сравнения и указывает на одинаковую степень признаков, свойств
или качеств.
7. FEW
В данном предложении перед исчисляемым существительным с предшествующим неопределенным артиклем a следует
употребить местоимение few, которое используется для обозначения небольшого количества в словосочетании just a few «всего несколько».
8. ONE
Содержание предложения, а также сказуемое is указывают на
необходимость заполнения пропуска 8 словом one – one of their
«один из их».
9. THERE
Т.к. пропущенное слово является подлежащим, а в предложении речь идет о существовании в определенном месте (в англий-
372
ском языке) различных выражений, заполняем пропуск словом
there – there exist … expressions «существуют … выражения».
10. WHICH / THAT
Пропущенное слово является союзным словом, присоединяющим определительное придаточное предложение к неодушевленному существительному expressions. Возможно употребление
which либо that – expressions which / that show «выражения, которые показывают».
1. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
If you want to learn how (1) ……… words there are in English,
(2) ……… are three key numbers to remember: more (3) ……… a million total words, about 170,000 words in common usage, and 20,00030,000 words used (4) ……… each individual person. When you see (5)
……… a massive number, it’s important to remember that this million
includes not (6) ……… different forms of the (7) ……… word, but it
also contains lots (9) ……… words that could be called archaic (they
are (9) ……… longer used in modern English). Language and words
are always changing, so (10) ……… would be next to impossible to pin
down an ever-evolving number.
2. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
As a growing number (1) ……… countries go into lockdown due
(2) ……… the coronavirus – and museums and galleries around (3)
……… world are closed – (4) ……… are some you can visit from the
comfort of your (5) ……… couch.
Even in countries (6) ……… are not yet in lockdown, such (7)
……… Sweden, businesses have been encouraged (8) ……… close temporarily. Many are doing so because people just aren’t going out of the
house, leaving venues like cinemas, theaters and museums deserted.
Musicians and theatres have already started to stream performances
online to make (9) ……… for the fact that live performances have (10)
……… canceled or postponed.
3. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
There exist plenty of definitions of friendship, but (1) ……… is
only one that accurately expresses how I feel about my friends. Ac-
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cording (2) ……… Roman philosopher Lucius Seneca, “(3) ……… of
the most beautiful qualities of true friendship is to understand and to
(4) ……… understood.” This is what I need when I find (5) ……… in
difficult situations.
Real friends are people you can go to for anything. They are there
for you when you need them, they are fun and supportive. Whether
you are wrong or right, once the deed has (6) ……… done, a real
friend will stand by you no (7) ……… what. You know they will always
be on your side, through thick and thin. They share your successes as
well (8) ……… your failures. No one (9) ……… knows you better (10)
……… your real friends.
4. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
Some adults believe that as teenagers spend so (1) ……… time online, they are likely to do their shopping that way. In fact, that’s not
true, at (2) ……… not for me. Once in a (3) ……… , I buy some things
online, (4) ……… as a phone case or a backpack, and I get computer
games that way (5) ……… well. It’s very convenient because I can find
something unique and order exactly (6) ……… I want. These (7) ………
, Amazon is № 1 retail website but (8) ……… are many other online
retailers offering nice things. However, I never buy T-shirts and stuff
(9) ……… that online, as you can’t try anything on before you buy.
Sometimes things look different in real life. A blue jumper may turn
out to be grey! I prefer to buy a reduced price article than one at full
price that’s (10) ……… I don’t mind waiting for items to go on sale
before making a purchase.
5. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
Aromatherapy is the practice of using aromatic substances, (1)
……… are called essential oils, to heal the body, mind and spirit. These
oils come (2) ……… flowers, leaves or other parts of plants and can
improve (3) ……… physical and emotional wellbeing (4) ……… long
as you use them in a safe way. Just a whiff of their fragrance may
promote relaxation and relieve stress and anxiety. Essential oils have
also (5) ……… used to treat skin problems, depression, insomnia as (6)
……… as high blood pressure.
As aromatic plants (7) ……… used by the most ancient civilizations, we could say that aromatherapy is at (8) ……… 6000 years old.
But so far (9) ……… is limited scientific evidence to support claims
that aromatherapy effectively prevents or cures illnesses. (10) ……… it
does is help the body to find a natural way to do so.
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6. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
(1) ……… is often assumed that a look at our origins will lead us
(2) ……… the meaning of life. Perhaps, instead (3) ……… answering
the question of (4) ……… we are here by looking backwards, we should
look forwards. What future goal would make this life worth living? The
problem with working towards goals was identified more (5) ……… two
millennia ago (6) ……… the philosopher of common sense, Aristotle.
His point was that we do many things for the sake of something (7)
……… . We eat to live, work to pay the bills, study to pass exams, and
so (8) ……… . But if nothing is done for its own sake, is (9) ……… any
point in doing anything? There must be things (10) ……… are valuable
in themselves: friends, love, success, happiness, raising children, helping others and what not. These are the things that really count and
make our life worthwhile.
7. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
Not long ago, the notion of following a vegan diet was viewed
(1) ……… impractical and intense. (2) ……… days, it seems (3) ………
and more celebrities and influencers are going vegan. A traditional
vegan diet excludes all animal products – that means eggs, meats,
cheese, dairy products and even honey. Some vegans choose the diet
for health reasons, but (4) ……… prefer it for ethical reasons, such as
avoiding animal cruelty.
(5) ……… to a study conducted by the Vegetarian Resource Group,
1 million Americans above the (6) ……… of 18 are now vegan and
the number (7) ……… growing. So should you follow the trend? (8)
……… any other diet, going vegan has (9) ……… benefits and drawbacks. Consider each of the pros and cons of a vegan diet before you
decide (10) ……… it is the right program for you.
8. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
‘OK Google’ is a phrase you probably say (1) ……… often that
you may not think twice about it. Google Assistant is (2) ……… of the
coolest features on your smartphone (3) ……… may not (4) ……… help
you get things done, but it can (5) ……… entertain you.
If you wonder what song your friend might be listening (6) ………
, all you have to do is ask Google. If your hands are full but texting
is necessary, Google Assistant can help with that as (7) ……… , by
sending voice messages to any of your contacts. Another great feature
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is using its commands to set up daily routines ((8) ……… instance,
morning and bedtime routines) and thus, ease up your life. Google
Assistant has even become super practical at translating conversations
from many popular languages. (9) ……… sure that you’re using the
best Google Assistant commands and benefit from (10) ……… Google
Assistant has to offer.
9. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
The teen years is the time (1) ……… kids start getting their own
money. A recent poll asked teenagers (2) ……… their money comes
from. Over 80% of the teens gained regular pocket money (3) ………
their parents. About half of these had to (4) ……… the household
chores in return for their pocket money. Just under 10% received no
money at (5) ……… but said that their parents bought all essential
items, (6) ……… as clothes. A further 12% reported having a part-time
(7) ……… . Reasons for seeking employment included having more
money to spend, saving up for a large purchase (8) ……… a bicycle
and wanting to be financially independent; that is to say, to make their
(9) ……… money. When asked about their spending habits, about half
said that they spent all their money each month. A quarter of the
teens monthly put by a set amount and 10% saved more (10) ………
half of their cash.
10. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
All animals communicate. But do they have language? Researchers say that animals do not have a true language (1) ……… humans.
For instance, cats ‘talk’ to (2) ……… other through body language,
communicating feelings and intentions through posture and facial
expression (3) ……… well as sound. Dogs can (4) ……… trained to
follow certain commands like ‘sit’, ‘come’ and ‘roll over’. But does
this mean they understand language and can use it as (5) ……… ?
Dogs are known to be experts at reading their owner’s intentions.
They do not respond to actual words but to the tone in (6) ………
something is said.
When animals make a sound, (7) ……… as a bark or a call, it is
reaction to (8) ……… is happening around them. (9) ……… are huge
differences between the ways animals communicate and the ways human (10) ……… do. Nothing else on earth comes close to using language in the way people do.
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11. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
It’s a (1) ……… -known fact that the way the younger generation
live, learn and communicate has tremendously changed (2) ……… of
technology. The term ‘screen time’ is defined (3) ……… time used
for viewing of screen-based media (4) ……… as television, computer,
laptop, video games and mobile devices.
(5) ……… is a debate among scientists about the impact of screen
time on young people’s health. Some believe it is the (6) ……… likely
cause of rising levels of anxiety and depression among adolescents.
While (7) ……… claim it is relatively harmless compared to things (8)
……… bullying, and can actually be beneficial (9) ……… used in moderation. But they all agree that screen time must (10) ……… balanced
with other activities that are good for teens’ development and wellbeing (physical activity, socializing, personal responsibilities, enough
sleep, etc.).
12. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
Becoming a rich teen, or at (1) ……… financially independent,
isn’t as hard (2) ……… some people think. Many (3) ……… the world’s
wealthiest people, (4) ……… as Sir Richard Branson, started making
their millions in (5) ……… teens. Whether your goal is to become the
world’s youngest billionaire, or you simply want to learn how to make
(6) ……… money than you currently have, (7) ……… are plenty of role
models to motivate you in your quest.
Alina Morse, Moziah Bridges, Timur Kuzmin, Slava Marlow show
us that age is not a limitation. You’re never too young or too old.
If you really want to (8) ……… a difference in the world, start now,
(9) ……… matter your age or any other limiting factor. (10) ……… all
these teens have in common is their mindset. They didn’t start with a
mindset of “can’t”, they started with a mindset of “how can I?” You
can do the same. Even if you’re still in high school.
13. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
We live in a world (1) ……… access to the Internet is constantly at
our fingertips. Thanks (2) ……… thousands of apps available to download, we’re now able to do almost anything when we’re out and about.
However, we’re becoming more addicted and anti-social, choosing
to consult the Internet (3) ……… than talk face-to-face with others.
Overuse starts first thing in the morning, when we check our phones
377
as (4) ……… as we wake up, and it often continues through the day,
when we are almost always online, playing games and monitoring social media. More (5) ……… half of us feel (6) ……… we must reply to
messages right away.
Too (7) ……… smartphone use makes us unhappy. So says a new
study, which shows that people (8) ……… spent more time on social
media, gaming, texting and video-chatting on their phones were not
as happy (9) ……… those who played sports, went outside and interacted with real human (10) ……… .
14. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
(1) ……… is evidence that the earliest soap in history was produced about 5000 years (2) ……… in Ancient Babylon. Babylonians,
Egyptians as (3) ……… as the ancient Greeks and Romans used soaplike substances only medicinally and for washing fabrics and actually
cleaned their bodies in a totally different (4) ……… . Soap for personal
hygiene became popular during the later centuries of the Roman Empire. The Celts, (5) ……… used animal fats and plant ashes to make
their soap, named the product saipo, from (6) ……… the word soap is
derived. Arabs went on to develop their soap production, making (7)
……… liquid and hard soaps that were often perfumed and coloured.
But it was not (8) ……… the 19
th
century that large-scale soap
production began making a product that was cheap (9) ……… for
everybody to afford it. The world’s (10) ……… expensive bar of soap
is infused with gold and diamond powder and costs $2,800.
15. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
Today, the smartphone has become part and parcel of many people’s lives. Everywhere you go, you’ll see people sporting the latest
mobile phone models. Mobiles have clearly made (1) ……… easier to
communicate and they are perfect companions for (2) ……… work
and leisure. You can not only call, send and receive messages, but
(3) ……… browse, play games, make video calls and what not, no (4)
……… where you are.
Although having all your data on your device is very convenient,
(5) ……… is a danger that stolen or lost phones’ information could be
accessed by someone (6) ……… . You had (7) ……… secure your phone
from unauthorized entry and avoid storing sensitive data (8) ………
as passport and credit card details. While smartphones are helpful in
many ways, we are (9) ……… addicted to them that not a day goes by
378
without it. Leaving home without your phone is (10) ……… leaving
without your shoes on.
16. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
Every teenager knows (1) ……… stressful exams can be. Stress is
not a bad thing – in fact, it’s a natural chemical reaction designed
to make us perform well (2) ……… pressure. But if you spend too (3)
……… time worrying, ask for help. (4) ……… are people who are ready
to help: teachers, parents, psychologists, friends. On the (5) ………
hand, remember that most things are hard at first, so don’t panic
when you don’t understand new things immediately.
Think you’re too busy (6) ……… exams? Your brain will function
better if you have breaks from work. Find some funny clips on the
Internet and give yourself a dose of laughter. Laughter makes the brain
produce chemicals called endorphins, (7) ……… are the body’s natural feel-good medicines. And never forget that everything passes and
everything changes. (8) ……… day you will look back and wonder (9)
……… you were so stressed. Good luck to you! Be strong and (10)
……… your best.
17. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
With so many sports out there, it can be difficult to choose the
right one for you. It (1) ……… without saying that excellence in sports
(2) ……… on a number of factors. For some sports, the body shape and
structure with (3) ……… you are born are important. However, don’t fret
if you don’t have the right body type because hard work and discipline
can make (4) ……… for whatever you lack in the physical development.
The aim of all sports training (5) ……… to improve fitness and skills,
and develop training programmes that are (6) ……… safe and effective.
All sports require a combination of strength, speed, endurance, agility
and flexibility. (7) ……… is important is how these elements are combined to build up the skills of the sport in question. Other factors to
be (8) ……… into account are diet and your general state of health.
Bearing such considerations in (9) ……… , anyone can progress to
a high level, even though only a (10) ……… sportsmen will go on to
break world records.
18. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
The Internet is one of the (1) ……… important inventions in
human history. Life without the Internet is pretty hard to image. It
379
provides easy access to large amounts of information and allows us to
communicate with people all (2) ……… the world. We can transfer all
sorts of data immediately, order anything on the Internet, and phone
our relatives using video calls, (3) ……… seemed like science fiction
just a decade ago.
(4) ……… are currently over 4.33 billion active internet users
worldwide. (5) ……… to estimates, 57 percent of the world’s population had internet access. (6) ……… is no wonder that China has the
largest online community in the world. With a population of over
1 billion people, it comes (7) ……… no surprise that in the (8) ………
2020 the number of internet users in China reached 940 million, 99 %
of (9) ……… are mobile. The country is (10) ……… known for being
tech-savvy and is home to many IT companies. China is now looking
for other ways to get more people online, most notably through the
use of satellite Internet.
19. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
Bulgaria, (1) ……… was founded in 681 AD, is the oldest state in
Europe, but its roots go far deeper into the past. It was here, in the
shadow of the Balkan Mountains, that Europe’s first civilization (2)
……… born.
Bulgaria is a fascinating country, a wonderland of (3) ……… natural beauty and ancient history. No (4) ……… where you go in this
small but varied country, you will find something to delight you. The
big cities (5) ……… as Sophia, Varna, Plovdiv and Burgas are full of
ancient monuments, while smaller towns like Nesebar, Bansko and
Elena are well (6) ……… exploring for natural sights.
Bulgarian climate is (7) ……… diverse as its attractions. Along
(8) ……… the stunning lakes and mineral springs, deep forests and
breathtaking mountain ranges that dominate its landscape, Bulgaria is
a paradise of sunshine, warm sea and sandy beaches. Its surroundings
that show just a (9) ……… signs of the (10) ……… -called advances of
the 21st century make Bulgaria the ideal place for nature-lovers.
20. Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только
одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
With over 2 billion sold world-wide every year, the T-shirt is the
(1) ……… popular single piece of clothing on the planet. T-shirts
are so popular now that we take their free and easy style (2) ………
granted. So why did the T-shirt become so popular – and (3) ………
did it come from?
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