- •Міністерство освіти і науки україни національний педагогічний університет імені м. П. Драгоманова
- •Way to fluent English
- •Contents
- •Environmental protection
- •1. Read and translate the texts and new phrases.
- •1. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
- •3. Write the questions to the text and discuss it in the class.
- •4. Match a new word with its definition.
- •5. Fill in missed letters:
- •6. Write your ides and suggestions about what you can do to reduce global warming:
- •7. Read and translate the text and then proceed to the tasks.
- •8. Answer the following questions:
- •9. Make up a dialogue using all new words and phrases from this module:
- •10. Read and translate new words and the text: Freshwater Becoming More Scarce.
- •11. Find the synonyms to the words from the text:
- •12. Answer the questions:
- •13. Complete the sentences.
- •14. Translate and explain what these words mean:
- •15. Discuss these questions in a group:
- •16. Read and translate new words and the text:What’s For Dinner? Genetically. Modified Foods
- •17. Are the sentences true or false? Correct the false sentences.
- •18. Find the opposite in the text.
- •19. Find the synonyms in the text.
- •20. Find out in the text English equivalents of the following words and word-combinations:
- •21. Write the question to the text and discuss it in the class.
- •22. Fill in the sentences with the missed words.
- •23. Match word or word combination with its definition
- •24. Answer the following questions:
- •25. Write 10 advantages and 10 disadvantages about having a big family and compare your answers with your group mates.
- •26. Read, translate and retell the text. Are Dishwashers Good for the Environment?
- •27. Are the sentences true or false? Correct the false sentences:
- •28. Readers Respond: What are you doing to help reduce global warming and save the environment? Read the comments from the site http://environment.About.Com. Global warming.
- •Type 0 Conditionals: certainty, general truth
- •If you mix yellow and blue, you get green.
- •If I’m suffering the Web, I use Google. Type 1 Conditionals: real present
- •If you feel lucky, you’ll expect good things.
- •If you study, you’ll pass the test. Practice
- •Type 2 Conditionals: unreal present
- •3. Complete the sentences using the most appropriate verb form from the list (Type 2 conditionals).
- •4. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form. Answer the questions according to what you understand from the sentences. Choose the correct answer: Yes, No or possibly.
- •5. What would you do If you were … ? Answer the questions using present or future unreal conditional. Discuss your answers with your classmates.
- •Type 3 Conditionals: unreal past
- •Practice
- •7. Translate the sentences into English.
- •Mixed Conditionals
- •Practice
- •1. Translate the sentences into English
- •Wishes (If only)
- •I wish you were here. (It’s a pity you are not here now.)
- •Practice
- •Check yourself
- •Reading for pleasure Sir Walter Scott
- •Exercises
- •Is it truth that young man has really forgotten the name of the 6th knight?
- •9. Read abstract I. For questions (1 – 5) choose the correct answer (a, b, c, d).
- •10. Read the abstract III. Your task is to put the statements (a - g) to (6 - 13) in correct order according to what the text says.
- •11. Read the abstract III. Choose from (a-g) the one which best fits each space (14 - 19).
- •Sport and games
- •1. Read and learn by heart the word list: Word List on the Subject “Sport and Games”
- •2. Read, translate and retell the text, given below, using the word list Sport and Games
- •3. Read and learn by heart word list:
- •4. Give names for the illustrated sports, using supplementary word list and word combinations:
- •5. Read the words and learn their meaning:
- •Indoor games
- •6. Match the following sports with the right pictures, using supplementary word list and word combinations:
- •7. Read these words and expressions, and learn them by heart:
- •8. Read the dialogues, translate them and choose one of them for learning by heart: Game and Sport
- •The Fitness Craze
- •9. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •10. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:
- •11. Complete the following sentences with the words or phrases from the list below.
- •12. Complete these expressions using the things on the right.
- •13. Read, translate the text. Explain the words giving in the text. Answer the following questions.
- •14. Make up a short dialogue about Olympic Games, using the text, and retell it in pairs:
- •15. Fill in prepositions, if necessary, and explain:
- •16. Translate and retell the text.
- •17. Read and translate the text, given below. Speak on: “The role of sport in modern life”.” Sport as part of school and college life”. How healthy are you?
- •18. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •19. Read and translate the text, given below. Answer the questions, which are given under the text.
- •20. Match each word in column a with a word from column b, and translate each word:
- •21. Match each word in the left-hand column with the appropriate meaning from the right-hand column:
- •22. Read and translate the text, given below. Answer the questions: Sports in Great Britain
- •23. There are 16 sports in this puzzle. Can you find them?
- •24. Write a short description of your favourite sport giving the following information:
- •25. Memorize some idioms or idiomatic expressions dealing with the topic “Sport and Games”:
- •26. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:
- •Grammar spot Wishes (If only)
- •I wish you were here. (It’s a pity you are not here now.)
- •Practice
- •Reading for pleasure Charles Dickens
- •Dombey and Son Part II
- •Part II
- •Exercises
- •9. Read and complete the text below. For each of the empty space (12-20) choose the correct answer (a, b, c, d).
- •10. Read the abstract below. For each of the empty space (17-21) choose the correct answer (a, b, c, d).
- •Health protection
- •1. A. Read and translate the text. Bedside manner and something more? …
- •2. Discuss with your group mates the famous proverb “To err is human”. Can this proverb be applied to the sphere of medicine and health? Do doctors have a right to be mistaken?
- •3. What is your opinion about health insurance? Do you consider it to be necessary in modern society? Give your reasons.
- •4. Explain the meaning of the following words:
- •5. Expressions with the word finger. Match the expressions with their definitions:
- •6. Look at the idioms above. Make a short story, using as much of them as you can. Retell the story to your group mates:
- •7. Fill in proper word:
- •8. Retell the text from ex.7, using the words underlined.
- •9. Write an article on the topic “The impact of the drugs on the human organism”.
- •10. Study the short articles below. Make your own notes about popular consumers’ goods nowadays and their impact on our health:
- •11. Comment on the texts given above. Express your opinion on the subject. Act out dialogues, using new words and thematic vocabulary.
- •12. Prepare a report about junk food and the impact of it’s consuming. Present it in front of the group.
- •14. A. Study the material about junk food. Discuss it in class.
- •Marketing
- •Pregnancy
- •15. Write an article about the problem of junk and unhealthy food in Ukraine. Use the words given in the texts above.
- •16. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the words in bold with phrases from the list:
- •17. Make up your own sentences with the idioms from ex/16:
- •18. A. Read and translate the texts. Blood pressure
- •19. Mind the vocabulary. Write and act out a dialogue on the topic “At the doctor’s”. Use phrases below as a model:
- •20. Match the sympthoms with the replies of the doctor:
- •21. Choose the right answer:
- •22. Read to the complaints below. If you were a doctor what would be your recommendations?
- •23. Study the idioms. Work with the vocabulary and find translation if you can’t guess:
- •24. Write a story, using all the idioms given in ex/23, present it in front of the group:
- •25. Fill in the correct word from the list, there’s 1 extra word:
- •26. Read and translate the text: healthy lifestyle
- •27. A. Find words and word-combinations that correspond to the following meaning:
- •28. Correct mistakes: Healthy Lifestyle
- •29. Write 8 questions to the text, use different types of questions:
- •30. Imagine that you are a doctor. Now you are to give advice to your patient about how to change the lifestyle. Make a dialog, using words and word-combinations from the text.
- •31. Write a timetable of a person who leads a healthy way of life. Discuss it with your groupmates. Grammar spot
- •1. Open the brackets using unreal past.
- •2. W rite sentences with an if-clause.
- •3. Open the brackets using unreal past.
- •5. Rewrite the sentences using unreal past
- •6. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
- •10. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
- •Reading for pleasure Oscar Wilde
- •The Happy Prince
- •Exercises
- •1. For questions (1-5) choose the correct answer (a, b, c, d).
- •2. Your task is to put the statements (a - f) to (6-11) in correct order according to what the text says.
- •4. Act the dialogues
- •Love & Marriage
- •Vocabulary:
- •Finding a partner
- •1. There are 15 words connected with marriage. Find them and solve a puzzle.
- •2. Complete the sentences.
- •3. Using this proverb “a great dowry is a bed full of brambles” (“Лучше на убогой жениться, чем с богатой браниться”) make up the story of your own.
- •4. Find the synonyms to the words.
- •5. Find the opposite in the text.
- •6. Describe the picture using the following idioms:
- •1. Unknown words
- •2. Read the text.
- •1. Guessing the riddle.
- •Being in love
- •1. Read all these statements and discuss them in pairs. Battlefield or bed of roses?
- •2. Read these dialogues; explain Dave’s and Brad’s relationships. After discussion make up your own stories connected with topic: “Being in love”.
- •It's as plain as the nose on your face!
- •A chance for romance.
- •3. Romantic quiz
- •4. Love hearts
- •5. Look at the picture. Image your future wedding. Tell us a beautiful story about your white wedding. Try to use all new words, what we have learnt and these proverbs:
- •6. Look at the pictures of Marriages signs, listen to their descriptions, try to guess what it is and say it in one word.
- •Wedding Customs
- •True love
- •On the way to the wedding
- •1. Task: Make a presentation with using all new words you have learnt.
- •2. Learn by heart the idioms:
- •3. Translate these sentences into English, use new idioms.
- •Grammar spot the infinitive
- •The Forms of the Infinitive
- •The Functions of the Infinitive in the Sentence
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7
- •Exercise 8 Organize the expressions into the sentences and translate them
- •Infinitive Constructions
- •The Objective InfinitiveConstruction (Complex Object)
- •The Subjective Infinitive Construction (Complex Subject)
- •Exercise 12
- •Exercise 13
- •Exercise 14
- •Exercise 15
- •Exercise 16
- •The Devoted Friend
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the questions.
- •Religion
- •1. Study the following:
- •2. Match the following English idioms to their respective dictionary definitions and give the translation of the definitions.
- •3. Read the words and their explanations. Give the translation of them.
- •1 Kings 2:46
- •4. Wisdom is Supreme
- •4. Match the following English idioms to their respective dictionary definitions.
- •5. In the following sentences, there is an idiom. Decide what you think is the key word, then look in your dictionary to see if you are right. Rewrite the sentences in non-idiomatic English.
- •6. The following sentences all contain an idiom with one key word missing. Choose one of the four alternatives to complete the idiom.
- •7. The following sentences all contain some idioms. Read and translate them into English. Use a Russian-English dictionary and the English-Russian Phraseological Dictionary by a. V. Kunin.
- •8. Link each of the pictures with one of the idioms listed below. Comment on the meaning of each of them. Use them in situations of your own.
- •9. Use the idioms to make up a story. Each student should take turns building upon the sentence, turn by turn.
- •10. In the following sentences, there is an idiom. Expand on the sentences.
- •11. The following sentences all contain an idiom with one key word missing. Choose one of the four alternatives to complete the idiom and translate the sentences.
- •12. Explain and expand on the following. Use the idioms given in Unit 11.
- •13. Continue the following dialogue. Use the idioms given in Unit 11.
- •14. Read and translate the following passage into Russian.
- •15. Speak on one of the following topics.
- •17. Make up the dialogue where the last phrase will be: "So as the proverb goes..."
- •18. A. Read the following passages and choose the correct key word to complete the idioms. Translate the passages into Ukrainian.
- •19. Speak on one of the following topics.
- •Grammar spot The Gerund
- •The Forms of the Gerund
- •TheFunctions of the Gerund in the Sentence
- •Predicative Constructions with the Gerund
- •Exercise 5
- •Reading for pleasure o. Henry
- •Schools and Schools
- •2. Prove that:
- •3. Add more information to these:
- •5. Imagine that you are:
- •1. Learn new words:
- •2. A. Fill in missed letters:
- •3. There are 17 words connected with food. They go across → and down ↓. Find them and write them here.
- •4. Put the following eating and drinking verbs into the correct squares.
- •5. Read and translate the dialogues. Learn one of them and act on the lesson.
- •6. Translate the following words and word-combinations into English.
- •7. Put in the right order the dialogue. Read, translate and act it.
- •8. Fill in the sentences with the missed words.
- •9. Read and translate the text and then proceed to the tasks.
- •10. Put each of the following words into its correct place in the passage below.
- •11. Group the words below under the following headings.
- •13. Answer the questions.
- •14. Choose a possible adjective to describe each of these foods.
- •15. Match the method of cooking with its definition.
- •16. Put the following names of food and drink under the right headings on the menu.
- •17. A. Translate the following words and word-combinations from the text.
- •In search of good English food
- •18. Translate the proverbs into Ukrainian and explain them in English.
- •19. Match the following English idioms to their respective dictionary definitions.
- •20. Rewrite the sentences in non-idiomatic English.
- •21. Fill in the text with English equivalents of the words. Food for Thought
- •22. Which are the odd men out?
- •23. Complete the table by giving examples for each category. Types of Food
- •24. Fill in the blanks with the right word.
- •24. Read, translate and retell the text. Chocolate – like falling in love …
- •25. Translate into English.
- •26. Write the recipe of your favourite dessert.
- •27. Read, translate and retell the text. Ukrainian cookery
- •Ice Cream
- •29. Translate the dialogue into English.
- •30. Write your own dialogue “At the restaurant” and act it in the class.
- •31. Match two columns. Table manners
- •32. Read and translate the text. Garlic: Nature’s oldest remedy
- •33. Fill in the blanks with the right word.
- •34. Crossword
- •The Participle
- •The Forms of the Participle
- •TheFunctions of the Participle in the Sentence
- •Insert Participle I or Participle II
- •Predicative Constructions with the Participle The Objective Participial Construction
- •The Subjective Participial Construction
- •The Prepositional Absolute Participial Construction
- •Reading with pleasure No Story by o.Henry
- •1. Add more information to the following:
Wedding Customs
A.. Picture a wedding in North America. You will probably think of a bride wearing a white dress and veil walking down the aisle, accompanied by her father. The groom is dressed in a suit, and accompanied by his best man. During the ceremony, the groom puts a ring on the bride's finger, or perhaps they exchange rings as a judge or religious leader pronounces them husband and wife.
B. Did you ever wonder where these traditions come from? Many wedding traditions are very old and come from different lands. For example, the tradition of having a best man comes from northern Europe in about 200 AD. At this time, a person who wanted to get married usually chose someone from the same village, but sometimes there were not enough women for all the men. Since men did not have the opportunity to meet women as they do today, the only way to find a wife was to capture one. When a man set out to seize a bride, he and a friend would go to the next village and snatch any woman they could find walking alone. The two men had to be strong to carry the woman away. Obviously, the "best man" was needed for the job. Perhaps this is where we get the tradition of carrying a bride over the threshold of her new home on the wedding night. We also get the saying -"to sweep a woman off her feet" from this custom.
C. Today a bride in North America usually wears white. Around the sixteenth century, white became the symbol of purity and innocence. The veil was first introduced by the ancient Greeks and Romans, who wanted to protect the bride from the evil eye of a jealous suitor. The custom of having bridesmaids and ushers probably began with the Romans, who required ten witnesses at a wedding. Bridesmaids dressed like the bride, and ushers dressed like the groom. The idea was to outwit the evil spirits, who would not know who were the real bride and groom. Today, a bride wears "something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue." The item that is old is generally a piece of clothing from a woman who is happily married. This item is supposed to transfer good fortune to the new bride. Something borrowed is often a relative's jewellery. It should be made of gold to represent the sun, which is the source of life. Something new is usually the wedding dress or veil. Something blue is a bit of blue ribbon that represents loyalty or permanence, since blue is the colour of the heavens.
D. Long ago, wedding guests did not eat the wedding cake - they threw it at the bride! The wedding cake symbolized fertility, and was an important part of the ceremony since every marriage was expected to produce children. Wheat, another symbol of fertility and prosperity, was also thrown on new brides. Other young women tried to catch the grains of wheat, to ensure their own future marriages. Today we carry on this tradition by throwing rice at the newlyweds.'"
E. A wedding ceremony often concludes with the bride tossing her bouquet to the bridesmaids. The bridesmaid who catches the flowers is said to be the woman who will marry next. Today, the bridal bouquet is made of delicate flowers such as roses, orchids or lilies of the valley. In the past, it was not made of flowers, but of herbs. The herbs often had a very strong odour, and were selected to ward off witches and demons. Brides carried bouquets of rosemary, chives and even garlic.
F. There are also traditions for the best time of the day for a wedding. In the seventeenth century, morning weddings were considered bad luck because the groom often arrived at the wedding unshaven and wearing dirty and disheveled clothing the result of a late-night bachelor party, no doubt. Today, we continue to have bachelor parties, although not always the night before the wedding. Weddings can take place at any time of the day - morning, afternoon or evening.
G. There are several theories about the origin of the wedding ring. It is made from gold, thought to be the most enduring metal. The circle of the ring symbolizes eternity - the endless love of the couple and a perfect, lifelong union. Wedding rings have been placed on different fingers, according to country. The early Hebrews wore the wedding ring on the index finger. In India, wedding rings were worn on the thumb. In the East, wedding rings had no religious or symbolic significance, and were not worn at all. Today the wedding ring is usually worn on the fourth finger of the left hand, following the traditions of the Greeks. The Greeks believed that a vein called the "vein of love" ran from this finger directly to the heart. Since the heart controlled both love and life, it was logical that this finger should wear the pledge of love.
• Notes on the text:
an aisle - a long passage between rows of seats
a best man - the man who helps the bridegroom (the man getting married) at a wedding ceremony
to capture - to catch somebody in order to make him/them (a) prisoner(s)
to set out to do something -l.to start a journey (esp) a long one; 2.to set out with the intention of doing something
to seize -to take hold of something suddenly and violently
to snatch -to take somebody or something away from, a place by force
a suitor - (old use) a man who wants to marry a particular woman
to outwit - to gain an advantage over someone by using tricks or clever plans
loyalty - the quality of remaining faithful to your friends, family, principles, country, etc.
fertility - the ability of a person, animal or plant to produce babies, young animals or seeds.
prosperity - a condition of having money and everything that is needed for a good life
newlyweds - a man and a woman who have recently got married
to conclude with... - to end something such as a meeting or speech by doing or saying one final thing
an orchid -орхідея
lilies of the valley -конвалії
chive -a long thin green plant that looks and tastes like onion and is used in cooking
disheveled (clothing) - untidy
enduring - continuing to exist for a long time
Hebrew - a member of a Jewish people, especially in ancient times
a pledge of love - a serious promise of love, etc. made by two people.
Exercise1. Look in the text for the answers.
Who accompanies the bride down the aisle?
Who accompanies the groom down the aisle?
Who pronounces them husband and wife?
Explain how the tradition of having a best man began.
What does the white colour symbolize?
What was the reason for the veil?
Why did the Romans have bridesmaids and ushers in their wedding parties?
What things are traditionally used in these categories?
something old
something new
something borrowed
something blue
9. How was the wedding cake originally used?
What did the wedding cake symbolize?
What has replaced the custom of throwing wheat at the bride and groom?
What is the meaning of catching the bridal bouquet?
Why did bridal bouquets have a strong odour in the past?
Why morning weddings were considered unlucky in the 17th century?
Why are wedding rings made of gold?
Which finger was used for the wedding ring by the following?
the early Hebrews
people in India
people in the East
the Greeks
17. What was the heart believed to control?
Exercise 2. Review Vocabulary
Find words in the text with the same meaning as the words below.
Paragraph A |
|
woman (two words) |
|
man |
|
Paragraph B |
|
countries |
|
kidnap (three words) |
|
doorstep |
|
Paragraph C |
|
admirer |
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luck |
|
sky |
|
Paragraph D |
|
wealth |
|
to guarantee |
|
Paragraph E |
|
throws |
|
smell |
|
to protect from |
|
Paragraph F |
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customs |
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an unmarried man |
|
Paragraph G |
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long-lasting (three words) |
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promise |
|
Exercise 3. Paraphrase the following using the words and word-combinations you know now:
-two people who are married or having a sexual or romantic relationship
-to become someone's husband or wife
-a man who has never been married
-the relationship between two people who are married
-a set of equipment of tools you need for a particular activity
-something that is needed or asked for
-a formal or traditional set of actions used at an important social or religious even.
-someone who has a responsible position in an organization
-someone who is present when an official paper is signed or who signs it to prove this
-to decide finally to do something, esp. after delaying it or worrying about it for a long time
-an agreement to marry someone
-someone whose job is to advise people about laws, write formal agreements or represent people in court
-a serious promise
-a woman at the time she gets married or just after she is married
-a man at the time he gets married or just after he is married
-a member of your family
-to be the person who has achieved the best results in...
-to legally end one's marriage
-the crime of being married to two people at the same time
-the act of asking someone to marry you
Exercise 4. Discuss these questions in a group.
What is love?
Do you believe in love at first sight?
What do you think is the best age to get married?
Choose the things that are most important to you in a marriage partner. Put them in order. Number 1 is the most important.
intelligence e) occupation
good looks f) interests/hobbies
personality g) temperament
money h) religion
5. Choose the people you would have at your wedding.
relatives (which ones?) e) best man
friends f) maid/matron of honour
bridesmaids g) flower-girl
ushers h) page-boy
6. At what time of the day would you have your wedding?
7. On what day of the week would you have your wedding?
8. How long would the ceremony last?
9. Where would you have your reception? How long would it last?
10. What kind of food would you serve at the reception?
11. In your culture, who pays for the wedding?
12. Where would you go on your honeymoon?
Pay attention to some words which may appear unknown to you:
Hunchback – сутулий
Merchant – купець
Misshapen – потворний
Repulse – відмова
Humpbacked – горбатий