3. Imagineyouarestartingacharitytohelpanimalsindanger.Youhavetochooseananimaltobecomethesymbolofyourorganisation.

a)Readthearticlesaboutendangeredanimals(StudentAreadstextA;studentB–textB).Eachstudentpreparestoanswerthreequestions:

• ^{Whatisthearticleabout?(givesomefactsandfigures)}

• Whatisthemostshockingfact?

• Whatisyourattitudetothisenvironmentalissue?

1. Chimpanzeesandgorillasareourclosestanimalrelatives.Genetically,there’sonlyatwo-percentdifferencebetweenhu-mansandapes.Theylaughwhentheyaretickled,andtheycrylikewedo,too.Greatapesareveryrare,butinCentralandWesternAfricatheyarebeingincreasinglyhuntedfortheirmeatandtheirbabiesarebeingsoldaschildren’spets.Humanscouldsoonberesponsibleforkillingthemoffforever.

Overthelast20years,therainforestsincentralAfrica–thehabitatsofgreatapes–havebeensteadilycutdown.Hugelogging(лесозаготовительные)companieshavemovedintotheareaandtheypaylocalhunterstoprovidetheirworkerswith‘bushmeat’.Traditionally,itisthemeatofanywildani-mal–usuallykilledwithaspear(копьe).LocalconservationistGaryRichardson,says:“Ifhuntingcontinues,theGreatApesofAfricawillsoonbecomeextinct.”

TheGreatApesareanendangeredspecies.It’sactuallyil-legaltohunttheminmostAfricancountries.But,intheCongoRepublicalone,around600gorillasand3,000chimpanzeesarekilledeveryyear.Apesarenotjustkilledfortheirmeat.InsomepartsofCentralAfricait’sbelievedthatpartsofthebod-iesofchimpanzeesandgorillashavemagicalpowers.Driedgo-rillahandsaresoldinmarketsbecausetheyaresaidtomakechildrengrowstrong.

Howevermuchwecareforanimals,thereisnosimplesolu-tiontotheseproblems.InanAfricanmarket,agorillacarcasssellsforabout£20andthehandsforabout£1each.Ababychimpanzeecanbesoldforupto£40.Thisisasmallfortuneforpoachers.Theykillrareanimalsbecausetheyarepoorandneedmoney.Insomecountriespoachersareeducatedandturnedintoconservationworkersasasolution.

2. Animalshavealwaysdiedoutnaturally.Thedinosaurshadbeenaroundformillionsofyearsbeforetheybecameextinct.Unfortunately,rareanimalsarenowbecomingextincttentimes

fasterthantheywoulddoiftherewerenohumansaround.Ourworldischangingfasterthansomespeciescanadapt.Pollution,deforestationandbuildingalleffectanimalhabitatswhichmeanstheyhavenowheretoliveandnothingtoeat.Orangutans(thenamemeans‘personoftheforest’),whichliveintheforestsofIndonesiaandMalaysia,aredisappearing.Todaythereareonlyaround50,000ofthesewonderfulapesremaininginthewild,comparedtoafigureof315,000in1900.Overthepast20years80%oftheirnaturalhabitathasbeendestroyed,leavingthemwitheversmallerareastosurvivein.

There’sanotherrareAsiananimalwhichcanbecomeex-tinct.100yearsago,therewere100,000tigersintheworld.Expertssaythattheremaybeasfewas3,200tigersleftinthewild.Meanwhile,there’saneverincreasingdemandfortigerproducts,whichareusedintraditionalChinesemedicine.AChinesedoctorsays,“Iwishpeoplehadn’tkilledsomanyti-gers.Iftheybecameextinct,we‘dsuffer,too.”Chinesemedi-cineisover2,000yearsoldanditseemstoworksuccessfullyformillionsofpeople.Whilethere’ssuchahugedemandfortigerproducts,it’salmostimpossibletostoptigersfrombeingkilled.Thefactthatkillingtigersisillegaldoesn’tstopthepoachers.ACambodianpoachercanearntentimeshisannualincomebyshootingjustonetiger.Forthepoacherit’slikewin-ningalottery.

Whatcanbedone?ScientistshavebeentestingtraditionalChinesemedicineandtheyknowthatrareanimals’bonesdonothavemagicalpowers,thoughtheyareusedtotreatsomediseases.Buttheyhavealsofoundoutthatbonesofother(notrare)animalscanbeusedasasubstitute.

2. Workinpairs–studentsAandB.Usethequestionsinex.2btoshareyourinformationonendangeredanimals.

2. Don’tlookatthearticles.Inthesamepairs,answerthequestionsbelow.

1.Howmanytigerswerethereintheworldin1900?2.Howmanytigersareleftintheworld?3.Howmanyorangutansweretherein1900?4.Howmanyorangutansareleftintheworldnow?5.Howmanygorillasandchimpsarekilledeachyear?6.HowmuchcanachimpanzeecostinAfrica?7.Whyarerareanimalsdisappearing?

2. Checkthetextsofthearticles.Whoseanswerswerecorrect?

2. Inyourpairs,decidewhichoftheanimalswillbecomeasymbolofyourcharity.Comparewithyourclassmates.

4. a)Readaboutthefamouspeoplefromex.1.Matchtheirfactfileswiththephotos.

FACTFILEI:She’saprettyblondewhohasbeendrivingahy-bridcarsincetheyfirstbecameavailable.HerMTVshowtakesviewersonecoadventurestoendangeredhabitatsworldwide,andshehastakenaleadershippositionintheEnvironmentalMediaAssociation.ShewasapresenterinAlGore’senviron-mentaldocumentarycalledAnInconvenientTruth.

FACTFILEII:OneofhisgrandmotherswasRussian.HearrivedattheOscarsinahybridcar.HisdocumentaryThe11^thHour–whichtheactorwrote,narratedandco-produced–showedtheimpacthumanshavehadontheenvironment.Hemaintainsablogonenvironmentalissuesandgreenliving.Healsodonated

$1mlntotheWorldWildlifeFundduringaninternationalcon-ferenceinSt.Petersburgtohelpsavewildtigers.

FACTFILEIII:Whilesomegreeniesbuyclothesandfootwearthataremadefromnon-animalmaterials,sheactuallydesignsthem,too.TheactresslenthernametotheAnimalPlanetdocu-mentarySavingASpecies:GorillasontheBrink,whichspokeaboutdangerstoanimals’rainforesthabitats.ShehasalsobeenactiveingroupslikeGlobalGreenUSA,anorganisationwhichdealswithenvironmentalissuesonaninternationalscale.

FACTFILEIV:HehasbeenapartofenvironmentalcompanyGlobalGreenforseveralyears,andrenovatedhishomewith

solarpanels.Healsodrivesahybridcar.Theactorwroteanes-saythatappearedinthebookAntarctica–ACalltoAction.He’sstarredinsomeofthebiggestfilmsofthelast10years,includingtheLordoftheRingsseriesandthePiratesoftheCaribbean.

b)Whoseexamplewouldyouliketofollow?Why?

LESSON5:PROBLEMSANDSOLUTIONS

Communicativearea:discussingenvironmentalissuesindifferentcountriesoftheworldandpossibilitiesofsolvingtheproblems;speakingaboutunrealconditionsandresults

Activevocabulary:crucial,consequence,renewable,oil,toconsume,toreuse,torecycle,landfill,radioactivecontaminationReceptivegrammar:mixedConditionals