- •I. Lead-in
- •II. Vocabulary
- •III. Reading
- •IV. Speaking
- •V. Reading
- •VI. Listening
- •VIII. Writing
- •VII. Extra activities
- •IX. Grammar: Present Tenses
- •Lead-in
- •II. Reading
- •III. Speaking
- •IV. Reading
- •V. Listening
- •VI. Extra activities
- •VII. Write 10 equations and ask your partner to read them.
- •VIII. Project work
- •IX. Grammar: Past Tenses
- •I. Lead –in
- •II. Reading
- •III.Speaking
- •IV. Listening
- •V. Extra activities
- •VI. Speaking
- •VII. Grammar: will/going to
- •II. Reading
- •Read the text and check the pronunciation of the new words and elements in the dictionary.
- •Vocabulary
- •IV. Reading
- •Scan the text, find all the elements mentioned there. Then skim the text and say in what context they are used.
- •V. Writing
- •VI. Listening
- •Now listen to a “Periodic Table” song and check if you were right.
- •Iron is the 26th then cobalt, nickel ………you get
- •VII. Extra activities
- •Check the pronunciation of the elements in a dictionary or in appendix and read them aloud:
- •VIII. Grammar. Passive Voice
- •The Law of Conservation of Mass
- •I. Lead-in
- •II. Reading
- •The Law of Conservation of Mass
- •III. Speaking
- •IV. Reading
- •Read the text and check the new words in the dictionary.
- •Put the events into chronological order according to the text.
- •Find the synonyms to the words in bold from the text.
- •V. Speaking. Discuss with your partner which you think are the most important scientific discoveries of the past. Talk about:
- •VI. Video
- •Before watching the video match the words with their definitions.
- •Watch the video and complete the sentences using the words from ex. VI a.
- •VII. Translate into English.
- •VIII. Grammar: Participles
- •IX. Write a short essay to answer the question: “What are the main differences between the phlogiston theory and the Law of Conservation of mass”? Use these notes to write four paragraphs.
- •II. Reading
- •Read the text and choose the correct answer/answers and find the proof in the text.
- •VI. Reading
- •VII. Speaking /Project work
- •VIII. Video
- •Match the following words and word combinations with their Russian equivalents
- •IX. Writing
- •X. Grammar. Gerund
- •I. Lead- in
- •Reading
- •States of matter
- •IV. Translate into English.
- •V. Speaking
- •VI. Reading
- •Measuring matter: mass, weight, and volume
- •Volume V
- •Match the words and their definitions.
- •Measuring matter crossword
- •Fill in the table.
- •VIII. Listening
- •XI. Writing
- •X. Grammar. Infinitive
- •II. Reading
- •IV. Insert the missing prepositions into the blanks.
- •V. Speaking
- •VI. Reading
- •Answer the following questions.
- •VII. Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions listed:
- •Give the English equivalents for the following.
- •IX. Listening
- •X. Writing
- •XI. Grammar: Modal Verbs
- •Reading
- •Read the text and check if your definition is correct.
- •Speaking
- •Before you read
- •Reading
- •Comprehension
- •Read the text again and decide if the following statements are true or false.
- •Find synonyms for the following words in the text.
- •Speaking
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Do you agree with the following quotes? Why? Why not? Try to explain what Albert Einstein meant by saying them.
- •Writing
- •X. Extra activities
- •XI. Grammar: Reported speech.
- •Lead-in
- •Reading
- •Comprehension
- •Reading
- •Speaking
- •IX. Writing
- •Grammar: Conditionals
- •Lead-in
- •II. Reading
- •Read the text and check if your answers were correct.
- •Read the text thoroughly with a dictionary and answer the following questions.
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the given Russian words, word combinations and chemical terms.
- •III. Reading
- •Read the text and divide it into logical parts and entitle them.
- •Think of synonyms for the words in bold.
- •IV. Video
- •Look through the words before watching the video:
- •Now watch the video “Organic molecules” and find more information about carbon. Combine the information from the text and the video and tell the class about carbon.
- •Speaking
- •Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Match the names of organic chemistry reactions with their descriptions.
- •VIII. Grammar: Questions
- •IX. Choose one of the topics below and write a report (150-200 words): Properties of Carbon, Carbon bonds, Hydrocarbons and their isomers, Derivatives of hydrocarbons, Types of polymers.
- •I. Elements (symbol, atomic number, English pronunciation).
- •II. How to read chemical formulas in inorganic chemistry.
- •III. How to read chemical formulas in organic chemistry.
- •IV. Notes on reading chemical formulas.
- •V. Some abbreviations in common use in chemistry.
IV. Speaking
Give a short summary of the text, signifying all the stages of the development of chemistry.
V. Reading
a. Guess if the following statements are true or false. If they are false correct them.
1. Chemistry can be divided into two branches. T/F
2. Organic chemistry is the chemistry of the compounds of carbon. T/F
3. Inorganic and organic chemistry don`t have any differences. T/F
4. Chemical reaction is a process. T/F
5. General chemistry is the introduction to the entire science. T/F
6. An acid is a liquid. T/F
7. Biochemistry is the chemistry of industrial processes. T/F
Text B
Chemistry and its branches
The science that we can define as the study of formation, composition, structure and reactions of the chemical elements and their compounds is called chemistry. An element is a chemical unit that can`t be broken down. Each element is represented by a chemical symbol and has a set of properties that distinguishes it from other elements. All elements are made of atoms. An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristics of that element.
All elements combine to form different substances with new properties. Such substances made from elements combined chemically are called compounds. Acids and bases are common groups of compounds. An acid is a substance that releases hydrogen ions when mixed with water. A base is a substance which separates in water forming ions that react with hydrogen ions.
The process by which elements react to form new compounds can be described as chemical reaction. There are two types of chemical reactions. In some reactions the breaking of bonds absorbs more energy, in others the breaking of bonds absorbs less energy.
Most chemical reactions occur more easily when the reacting substances are in water solution. Water is a key component of cells and provides the medium through which nutrients enter and wastes exit a living cell. A solution is a class of mixtures in which individual molecules of substances are distributed. The formation of a solution is a physical change. Solution has two parts: solvent and solute. The solvent is the medium in which some substances are dissolved. The solute is the substance dissolved in the solvent. There are two kinds of substances: soluble that dissolve in a solvent and insoluble that don`t dissolve in a particular solvent.
Chemistry can be divided into the following branches: general, analytical, organic and inorganic, physical, industrial, structural and biochemistry. General chemistry is the introduction to the entire science. Analytical chemistry deals with the methods of separation of pure substances from mixtures. Physical chemistry is the study of relations between the properties of substances and their ability to react with other substances. Industrial chemistry is the chemistry of industrial processes. Structural chemistry deals with the molecular structure and its relation to the properties of substances. Organic and inorganic chemistry progress side by side, but have some differences. Organic chemistry is the chemistry of the compounds of carbon. Inorganic chemistry is the chemistry dealing with the preparation of new compounds and the methods of their analysis.
Biochemistry is the chemistry of living organisms and of vital processes. Sometimes it is called physiological chemistry. It studies molecules of the living systems. Every life process depends on protein molecules: they direct and regulate metabolism in the body, destroy infections, etc. There are more than 100 aminoacids known to biochemists. They are of great importance to our organism. Biochemistry is a rapidly expanding area of biomedical science.
b. Fill in each gap with the words listed:
solution, chemical reaction, compounds, mass, key component, solvent, represented, dissolved.
1. Matter is something that has a .................... .
2. Each element is...........................by a chemical symbol.
3. .......................is the process by which elements react to form new compounds.
4. Water is a ........................ of cells and provides the medium.
5. A………………...is a class of mixtures.
6. Solute is a substance .............................in the solvent.
7. Acids and bases are two groups of ……………...that react in water.
8. Substances that do not dissolve in a particular.............. are called insoluble.
c. Make up word combinations.
1.element water 2.solution 3.substance 4.process
|
1.unit chemical 2.storage 3.reaction 4.symbol
|
1.solution living 2.acid 3.sentence 4.cell
|
key 1. base 2. component 3. process 4. acid |
d. Write questions to the words in italics.
1. Matter is something that has a mass and takes up space.
2. Each element is represented by a chemical symbol.
3. The element has a set of properties that distinguishes it from other elements.
4. The formation of a solution is a physical change.
5. There are two kinds of substances: soluble and insoluble.
6. Biochemistry studies molecules of the living systems.
7. There are more than 100 aminoacids known.
e. Find out the derivatives of the following words. Then complete the sentences with an appropriate derivative.
… … …
↑ ↑ ↑
… ← solution → … … ← science → … … ← purity → …
↓ ↓
… …
1. Water is an excellent ……….
2. All plants and factories must have the system of ……..… of industrial wastes.
3. … water can be prepared by distillation, filtration or boiling.
4. Most of the substances are … in water.
5. Biology is the … study of the life and structure of plants and animals.
6. …can be defined as a homogenous mixture of one or more substances.
7. Natural waters have different ….
8. Mathematics is the … of numbers and shapes.
9. … is one of the chemical properties of a substance.
10. Providing … of water pools in our country is one of the most important ecological problems.
11. If we … some of the hydrochloric acid gas in water, the solution has a sour taste.