Participle I

Forms of the Participle I

	Active	Passive
Non-Perfect	doing	being done
Perfect	having done	having been done

1. Participle Non-Perfect Active як частина присудка.	The students were listening to the lecturer with attention.	Студенти уважно слухали викладача.
2. Означення (займає місце як перед, так і після означуваного слова)	The smoking man was asked to leave the room. Everything depends on the proportion of the two substances being distilled. They were looking for a scientist having written that report. We take into account forms of energy having been discussed above.	Чоловіка, що палив, попросили вийти з кімнати. Все залежить від пропорції двох речовин, які зараз очищаються. Вони шукали вченого, який написав цю доповідь. Ми враховуємо форми енергії, що були описані раніше.
3. Обставина часу, способу дії	Having finished writing the test, the students can go home. Having a habit to oversleep, he is always late for his classes. Being discussed by many scientific teams, the problems tends to be very challenging. Having been warmed to 0° (zero) ice began to melt.	Після того, як студенти закінчать писати тест, вони зможуть піти додому. Оскільки він має звичку пізно прокидатись, він завжди запізнюється на заняття. Оскільки ця проблема обговорюється багатьма науковими спільнотами, вона є дуже перспективною. Після того, як лід було нагріто до 0°, він почав танути.

Exercise 1. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.

A: 1. Being very ill, she could not go to the university. 2. Having been shown the wrong direction, the travelers soon lost their way. 3. He stood watching the people who were coming down the street shouting and waving their hands. 4. Having prescribed the medicine, the doctor went away. 5. Being examined by the doctor, the child could not help crying. 6. While crossing the street, one must be very careful. 7. There are many students studying Physics present at the conference. 8. Having written the exercise, check if the spelling is correct. 9. Being approved by his supervisor, the young scientist keeps on with his work. 10. Having left the house and crossing the street, he suddenly stopped thinking that he had forgotten to phone his friend.

B: 1. Speaking of the electrically operated devices, one can mention the refrigerator. 2. Having mentioned the name of Volta, the teacher spoke about his invention. 3. Having been asked to carry out the experiment, the student had some difficulties with the equipment. 4. The first source of continuous current having been constructed by Volta appeared in 1800. 5. Hot flowing metals are often measured by the electric pyrometer. 6. The pyrometer being used in industry is a device measuring temperature. 7. The pyrometer showing the temperature of metals being melted in furnaces is also an electrical device. 8. Making this instrument, we could not do without a machine which is operated by electricity. 9. Going alone the street, we can see the motion of different objects. 10. Being widely used in industry, electrical motors are also used in every home.

Exercise 2. Rewrite the sentences replacing the italic part with Present Participle.

1. She was talking to her friend and forgot everything around her.

2. Since we watch the news every day we know what's going on in the world.

3. They are vegetarians and don’t eat meat.

4. The dog wagged its tail and bit the postman.

5. While she was tidying up her room she found some old photos.

6. He was a good boy and helped his mother in the kitchen.

7. As they didn’t have enough money they spent their holidays at home last year.

8. The man was sitting in the cafe. He was reading a paper.

9. Since I didn’t feel well I didn’t go to the cinema.

10. She walked home and met an old friend.

Exercise 3. Rewrite the sentences replacing the italic part with Perfect Participle.

1. We switched off the lights before we went to bed.

→ we went to bed.

2. The boy asked his mother’s permission and then went out to play.

→ the boy went out to play.

3. As he had drunk too much, he didn't drive home himself.

→ he didn’t drive home himself.

4. We have written two tests today, so we are very exhausted.

→ we are very exhausted.

5. She filled the washing machine and switched it on.

→ she switched it on.

6. She had been to the disco the night before and overslept in the morning.

→ she overslept in the morning.

7. We had worked in the garden all day and were sunburned in the evening.

→ we were sunburned in the evening.

8. She had not slept for two days and therefore wasn't able to concentrate.

→ she wasn’t able to concentrate.

Since I had not seen him for ages, I didn’t recognize him.

→ I didn’t recognize him.

9. I had not ridden a horse for a long time and found it very difficult to keep in the saddle.

→ I found it very difficult to keep in the saddle.

Exercise 4. Put the verb in brackets in a correct form of the Participle.

1. (stop) the car, the police officer wanted to see the documents. 2. (write) the test, we felt relieved. 3. (work) all day, we were quite exhausted in the evening. 4. (send) to counter 24, I had to return to counter 3. 5. (confess), he was accused of even more criminal offences. 6. (arrive) at the station, we called a taxi. 7. (type) by the secretary, the letter was signed by the boss. 8. (interrupt) several times, he was rather annoyed. 9. (live) in Oxford for two years, she spoke English like a native speaker. 10. (rescue) , the injured man was taken to hospital.

Exercise 5. Rewrite the sentences without using the participle constructions.

1. We were sitting around the fire singing songs. 2. Did you see the boy jumping up and down? 3. When going to London, they always did a sightseeing tour. 4. While being on the boat, Bob got seasick. 5. Being an exemplary pupil, he always does his homework. 6. Having told me the news, he went away. 7. The boy excited about the presents sat on the couch. 8. Sleeping in the garden, I didn't hear the telephone. 9. The children were sitting at the beach building a sandcastle. 10. Last month I read a book written by a Scottish author.

Exercise 6. Replace the Relative Clause by a Participle Construction while keeping the rest of the sentence unchanged.

1. The boy who was waiting in the hall expected a phone call. 2. Passengers who wanted to go to Liverpool had to change in Manchester. 3. The girl who was picked up by her brother was very nice. 4. The house that stands at the end of the road will soon be sold. 5. The conference which was planned by non-governmental organisations was about globalisation. 6. Irish people who live in Great Britain have the right to vote in British elections. 7. A friend who helps you in need is a good friend indeed. 8. A picture that shows the image of a person is a portrait. 9. The problems that were discussed will be essential for your exam. 10. Animals that eat plants are called herbivores.

Exercise 7. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Вся група спостерігала за студентом, який писав формулу на дошці. 2. Коли вона продивлялась пошту, вона відразу не помітила дивний конверт. 3. Лекція, що була прочитана цим викладачем, виявилась дуже незрозумілою. 4. Оскільки коробка була дуже тяжкою, її змогли підняти тільки двоє чоловік. 5. Після того, як він вийшов із будівлі, він згадав, що забув замкнути кабінет. 6. Ви не знаєте, де надрукована стаття, яку цитував професор? 7. Провівши експеримент, вони почали прибирати лабораторію. 8. Де можна купити засіб, який рекламують по телевізору? 9. Оскільки він був дуже зайнятий, він не відразу почув мене. 10. Провівши рік в Англії, він чудово говорив англійською мовою.