- •Міністерство освіти і науки, молоді та спорту України національний університет харчових технологій
- •Київ нухт 2012
- •I. Lead-in questions
- •II. Reading
- •Across the usa
- •Essential vocabulary
- •4. Fill in the gaps with the necessary prepositions:
- •II. Speech Exercises
- •1. Make up dialogues, using the questions below and your own ones.
- •2. Writing
- •Active vocabulary
- •5. Complete the following dialogue with the proper verbs in the right forms and role-play it: to have (3 times), to find, to read (2 times), to make, to want. Sightseeing in New York
- •I. Lead-in questions
- •II. Reading
- •Higher education in ukraine
- •Essential vocabulary
- •III. Reading comprehension
- •IV. Vocabulary and Grammar exercises
- •2. Give the Ukrainian equivalents for:
- •3. Fill in the blanks with the words given below:
- •IV. Speech Exercises
- •Active vocabulary
- •2. Decide if the following statements are true or false:
- •3. Fill in the gaps in the following dialogues using the words below and roleplay it with a partner.
- •4. Group the words from the text and add your own ones if possible under the following headings
- •5. Comment upon the importance of proper education for your future career.
- •I. Lead-in questions
- •II. Reading
- •Traditional holidays in Ukraine, Great Britain and the usa
- •Essential vocabulary
- •4. Fill in the gaps with the necessary prepositions:
- •In (5 times), on (6 times), for ( 2 times), of (3 times), to (2 times), at (2 times), from, with, before.
- •III. Speech Exercises
- •Active vocabulary
- •III. Reading comprehension
- •IV. Vocabulary and Grammar exercises
- •1. Give the English equivalents for the following words:
- •2. Give the Ukrainian equivalents for:
- •3. Fill in the gaps with the words given below in the correct form:
- •Include, producer, develop, article, lead, broaden, quality, raw, enterprise, demand, offer.
- •4. Use the derivatives of the words in a sentence or a small story.
- •5. Fill in the blanks with the necessary prepositions: in (3), by (2), to (3), on, from, with, of, over.
- •V. Speech Exercises
- •1. Interview your group-mate about his / her visit to the supermarket.
- •2. Discuss the methods of processing food.
- •3. Discuss the recipes of foods and the countries they came from. Add your own ones.
- •Additional text
- •I. Read and discuss the text. Fast Food Or Slow Food?
- •Active vocabulary
- •2. Decide if the following statements are true or false.
- •3. Comment upon the following questions with a partner.
- •4. Complete the following dialogue with the proper verbs in the right form (to package, would, to be, should, to serve, to have, to see, to take, to order) and roleplay it.
- •I. Lead-in questions
- •II. Reading
- •Ukraine
- •Essential vocabulary
- •III. Reading comprehension
- •4. Fill in the gaps with the necessary prepositions:
- •III. Speech Exercises
- •Active vocabulary
- •2. Decide if the following statements are true or false:
- •3. Match the endings of the sentences.
- •4. Supply the missing members of these words families. Check your answers with the dictionary.
- •5. Complete the following dialogue with the proper verbs in the right forms and role-play it: to go (2 times), to leave, to look, to love, to take (2 times), to walk. Looking at vacation pictures
- •I. Lead-in questions
- •II. Reading
- •Ecology. Protecting the environment
- •Essential vocabulary
- •III. Reading comprehension
- •IV. Vocabulary and Grammar exercises
- •III. Speech Exercises
- •Additional text
- •1. Read the text. Ecological situation in Ukraine
- •Active vocabulary
- •2. Decide if the following statements are true or false:
- •4. Supply the missing members of these words families. Check your answer with a dictionary.
- •5. Complete the following dialogue with the proper verbs in the right form and role-play it: to understand, to know, to campaign, to rely, to accept, to prepare.
- •I. Lead-in questions
- •II. Reading
- •III. Reading comprehension
- •IV. Vocabulary and Grammar exercises
- •Innovations; to predict secondary effect; technology; a creative and a destructive process; plenty of things; systematized knowledge; the rate of technological change.
- •4. These people gave their names to common things we use today. Can you identify them? Fill in the gaps with the names given below: Comma, Geiger, Ketchup, Parquet, Pasteur, Pocket, Sandwich.
- •V. Speech Exercises
- •1. Make up dialogues, using the questions below and your own ones.
- •2. Writing
- •Additional text
- •1. Read the text about science and technology in Ukraine. Science and Technology in Ukraine
- •Active vocabulary
- •2. Decide if the following statements are true or false:
- •3. Match the names on the left with the definitions on the right.
- •4. Complete the following list with the name of the specialists in the particular fields. Check your answers with the dictionary.
- •I. Lead-in questions
- •II. Reading
- •English around the world
- •Essential vocabulary
- •III. Reading comprehension
- •IV. Vocabulary and Grammar exercises
- •British and American English
- •III. Speech Exercises
- •Additional text
- •1. Read the text. One World — One Language!
- •Active vocabulary
- •2. Decide if the following statements are true or false:
- •II. Reading
- •My future career. Applying for a new position
- •Essential vocabulary
- •IV. Vocabulary and Grammar exercises
- •V. Speech Exercises
- •Active vocabulary
- •Curriculum vitae
- •Interests
- •Interests:
- •The united kingdom
- •Essential vocabulary
- •IV . Vocabulary and Grammar exercises
- •V. Speech Exercises
- •Additional text
- •London, the capital of great britain
- •Active vocabulary
- •2. Decide if the following statements are true or false:
- •My future speciality. Biotechnology.
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Active Vocabulary
- •My future speciality. Power Egineering, Electrical Engineering
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Each of these words is used with energy. Separate them into words which go before and words which come after energy.
- •My future speciality. Technology of Bread, Confectionary, Macaroni and Food Concentrates
- •Active Vocabulary
- •McDonald’s
- •A Brief History of Bread
- •Active Vocabulary
- •My future speciality. Hotel-Restaurant Business
- •We should use our knowledge and skills for the modernization of Ukrainian hotel and restaurant business because it is one of the fastest growing branches of the state economy. Active Vocabulary
- •The Most Beautiful Hotel in the World
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Hotels in Dubai
- •My future speciality. Technology of Meat Storage, Preservation and Processing
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Active Vocabulary
- •My future speciality. Technology of Fermentative Production and Winemaking
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Answer the questions to the text
- •Fill in the gaps using the words in the box
- •Fermentation
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Match the end of each sentence with its end
- •Say weather these sentences true or false
- •My future speciality. Sugary Substances Technology
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Future utilization of sugar crops
- •Match the beginning of each sentence with its end
- •Fill the gaps with the correct preposition from the box
- •My future speciality. Tourism
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Ecotourism
- •Active Vocabulary
- •My future speciality. Ecology , Environment Protection and Sustainable Nature Use
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Ecology and Ecosystems
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Match a word with its definition
- •My future speciality. Mechanical Engineering
- •My future speciality. Perfumery and Cosmetics Products Technology
- •Technology of perfumery
- •My future speciality. Technology of Milk Storage, Preservation and Processing
- •Milk preservation and dairy products
- •My Future Speciality. Technology of Health-Improving Products and Food Expertise
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Answer the questions to the text
- •Fill in the gaps using the words in the box
- •Health–Improving and Preventive Products
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Match a word with its definition
- •Give English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
Active Vocabulary
Confectioner [kən'fekʃ(ə)nə] – кондитер
occupation [,ɒkjʊ'peɪʃ(ə)n] – заняття; рід занять, професія, фах
wholesale ['həulseɪl] – оптова торгівля
mankind [mæn'kaɪnd] – людство
toffee ['tɒfɪ] – іриска
biscuit ['bɪskɪt] – бісквіт
large-scale [,lɑ:ʤ'skeɪl] – великомасштабний
schedule ['ʃedju:l] –графік; план; програма
measure ['meʒə] –міряти, вимірювати
weigh [weɪ] –зважувати
knead [ni:d] – замішувати, місити тісто
interweave [,ɪntə'wi:v] –тісно сплітати, переплітати
dough [dəu] – тісто
batter ['bжtə] – збите тісто
mould [məuld] – форма для випікання
icing ['aɪsɪŋ] – цукрова глазур
glaze [gleɪz] – глазур, полива; глянс
culinary ['kʌlɪn(ə)rɪ] – кулінарний; кухонний
nutrition [nju:'trɪʃ(ə)n] – годування; харчування; живлення
sanitation [,sænɪ'teɪʃ(ə)n] – поліпшення санітарних умов
aspire [əs'paɪə] – прагнути, домагатися
costing [kɒ̱stɪŋ] – розрахунок собівартості продукції
trainee [treɪ'ni:] – стажер; практикант; той, що проходить підготовку
Task 1
Complete the exercise with the correct prepositions
McDonald’s
The first McDonald’s restaurant was opened ____ Dick and Mac McDonald ____ the 15th _____ May 1940.
The best selling products _____ their restaurant were hamburgers.
So the McDonald brothers thought ____ a way to produce hamburgers more quickly.
This was introduced ____ 1948 and became known ____ the Speedee Service System.
The first franchised McDonald’s restaurant was opened _____ 1953, and today you can find McDonald’s restaurants _____ more than 100 countries.
The meats _____ the burgers vary _____ the culture _____ the country.
Franchisees and future managers _____ McDonald’s restaurants are trained ____ Hamburger University, which is located _____Oak Brook, a suburb _____ Chicago.
McDonalds is also known ____ its sponsorship ___ various international sport events.
Task 2
Match words with their meanings
1 |
confectioner |
a |
the selling of goods in large quantities to be retailed by others |
2 |
wholesale |
b |
a small baked unleavened cake, typically crisp, flat, and sweet |
3 |
mankind |
c |
a thick, malleable mixture of flour and liquid, used for baking into bread or pastry |
4 |
biscuit |
d |
the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth |
5 |
dough |
e |
a person whose trade is making or selling confectionery |
6 |
icing |
f |
estimate the size, amount, or degree of (something) by using an instrument or device marked in standard units |
7 |
nutrition |
g |
a mixture of sugar with water, egg white, or butter, used as a coating for cakes or biscuits |
8 |
culinary |
h |
turn moistened flour into dough or paste with the hands |
9 |
measure |
i |
used in the kitchen or in cookery |
10 |
knead |
j |
human beings considered collectively; the human race |
Text 2
A Brief History of Bread
Without bread all is misery. William Cobbett,
British journalist (1763-1835)
Man has been making bread for at least 8000 years, in the days when the tools to cut and grind were all made of stone. The crushed flour mixed with water and cooked on a flat stone over a fire gave bread that was very different from the sliced white loaf of today. It was hard on the teeth (as seen from human remains) and an example of bread from 4000 years ago can be found at the British Museum.
According to the legend, a young Egyptian once forgot to cook his dough and left it long enough to ferment before eventually baking what became the first leavened bread. The Egyptians were expert wheat growers and sold their excess to the Greeks, who developed bread making skills.
The Romans learnt from the Greeks and even started a college for bakers. It is said that there were 258 bakers’ shops in Rome by the year 100BC. In the preserved Pompeian bakery, loaves had been stamped with the maker’s initials, and there was a public oven where the populace could bake their home-made bread. When Cassius came to Britain with his conquering army, it is said that he had his bread sent all the way from Rome, rather than eat the local produce. The Romans imported the hard wheat which would not grow in the northern latitudes and brought us the rotary mill stone and watermill. As with roads, sanitation and central heating, much baking knowledge was lost when the Roman Empire collapsed.
The staple food crops of the Saxon were rye, barley, oats, millet, beans and peas. Bread made from wheat was a luxury.
When the Normans came a few centuries later, their greater use of yeast in beer and brewing revived the yeasted loaf, although local soft wheat did not rise very well. The large round flat loaves were frequently used as plates, called trenchers. A good trencherman could eat his dinner and his trencher. Was this the origin of the Scandinavian open sandwich? The cakes or loaves eaten by the agricultural population were usually made from a coarse meal of rye, sometimes mixed with barley, oats, wheat or beans.
Millers were often accused of taking more than their fair share of the flour, so bakers too, were accused of stealing dough. A case is recorded of a baker who cut a hole in his kneading board, though which his boy could steal bits of dough whilst the customer looked on in ignorance.
Honest bakers formed themselves into a guild: “the fraternity of St Clement of the mystery of bakers”. This conducted spot checks for the weight, quality and price of bread. The unpleasant and humiliating penalties for selling underweight loaves led bakers to protect themselves by baking an extra ‘make-weight’ loaf to every dozen - hence the baker’s dozen. The guild also set conditions for apprentices, one of which was that they were not to be served salmon (then a cheap and common fish) more than twice weekly. The apprentices took seven years to learn the mystery which was largely concerned with the maintenance of the foaming yeast culture or barn.
English bread was generally made of mixed grains until the Victorian age. Barley and rye breads took longer to digest and were favoured by labourers, whilst the rich enjoyed expensive white wheat bread.
In the 19th century, imported wheat became plentiful and was milled in the ports for distribution by rail to the growing urban population, to the detriment of rural wind and water mills. Parliament put such heavy taxes on imported wheat that the price of bread rose to as much as 2/6 a loaf when some wages were only three shillings a week. People revolted against these corn laws with the result that they were repealed in 1846.
The 20th century saw the mass production of bread, with some of the sliced white loaves of the later decades bearing little resemblance to the tasty hand-crafted product. The turn of the 21st century has seen the rise of the domestic bread making machine – a clean effortless way to enjoy fresh wholesome bread baked to one’s own taste. It seems ironic that after so many centuries in which the wealthier citizens demonstrated their status by buying the whitest wheat bread from someone else’s oven, the same sector of society now seek out mixed grain wholemeal flours to bake in their own kitchens!