Завдання для самостійної роботи студентів (срс)

I. Перекладіть словосполучення: проходити через глотку в стравохід простягатися від порожнини рота до ануса найбільша залоза в тілі людини відігравати важливу роль в обміні речовин товста та пряма кишки ряд функцій в організмі тонкостінна м'язова трубка печінка та жовчний міхур II. Дайте відповіді на наступні питання: What is the alimentary tract? What does the alimentary tract consist of? What is the stomach? What is the function of the large intestine? What is the function of the gallbladder? III. Розкрийте поняття: Шлунок Кишечник

Physiology of the Alimentary Tract

Exercise 1. Topical vocabulary:

brain stem, n	[sti:m]	стовбур мозку
choke, v	[tʃəʋk]	душити, задихатися
digestive, adj	[dɪ’dʒestɪv]	травний
efficiently, adv	[ɪ’fɪʃəntlɪ]	ефективно
enzymes, n	[’enzaɪm]	ферменти
epiglottis, n	[epɪ'glotɪs]	надгортанник
feces, n	[fɪ:sɪz]	кал
flap, n	[flæp]	клапан
fuel, n	[’fju:əl]	паливо
smooth muscles, n	[smu:ð]	гладкі м'язи
source, n	[sɔ:rs]	джерело
starch, n	[sta:rtʃ]	складні вуглеводи, крохмаль
trigger, v	[’trɪgər]	викликати, спонукати
tubular, adj	[tju:bəl ]	трубчастий

Exercise 2. Make nouns from the verbs with the help of suffix -tion and translate into your native language:

to absorb, to product, to masticate, to create, to excrete, to digest, to stimulate, to salivate, to activate, to distribute, to penetrate, to irritate, to inhale.

Exercise 3. Some of the following words don’t form adjectives with the help of suffixes. Try to form adjectives from the given nouns and translate them:

mouth - liver - kidney - saliva - pancreas - stomach - tongue -

breastbone - brain - lung - skull - rib - heart - tooth -

Exercise 4. Combine the adjectives with the proper nouns given below. Translate your word combinations:

Adjectives: inner, serous, salivary, hard, exact, vital, connective, pale;

Nouns: length, palate, coat, capacity, tissue, gland, layer, face.

Exercise 5. Fill the dialogue with necessary words from the “Anatomy of Alimentary tract” and act it!

- Hello. How do you do!

- How do you do!

- Are you free now?

- Yes, I’m. I’m trying to prepare my anatomy lesson on alimentary tract! But I don’t know it well. Can you help me?

- Sure. To begin with, the alimentary tract is a ….................. canal about 8.5 meters in length. It extends from …............. to …................ .

- I know this. If I’m not mistaken it consists of the …..........., ..............., .................,

…..............., …................. and ….....................

- Yes, you are right.

- Where does the food go from the mouth?

- It passes through the pharynx to the esophagus and then to the stomach.

- Certainly.

- I’ve already mentioned that there is the small intestine and the large intestine in the alimentary tract. The small intestine is composed of the ….............., …...............and ….......... Do you want me to tell you about the large intestine?

- No, thanks. As far as I know it is divided into …............, …........... and …..............

- Right. Do you know that the largest gland in the human body is …...............?

- Yes, I do. I know that the gallbladder and …..............are also the large glands of the alimentary tract.

- You are absolutely right.

- Thank you very much for helping me.

Esophagus, the oral cavity, the pancreas, stomach, rectum, musculomembraneous, the anus, pharynx, ileum, small intestine, large intestine, the liver, duodenum, caecum, jejunum, colon, mouth.

Exercise 6. Translate the following word combinations into your native language:

To start to salivate, the digestive process, the body's source of fuel, to be broken down into tiny pieces, to break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol, the mechanical digestion, the chemical digestion, to absorb more efficiently, to distribute throughout the body, a brain reflex triggers the flow of saliva, to break down starch into simpler sugars, to require stimulation of receptors, sensory impulses to the brain stem, to prevent food from entering the trachea and choking.

Exercise 7. Read and translate the text: