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Exercises in Comprehension

Ex.1. Answer the following questions:

  1. What do you know about different relationships that companies can have with one another?

  2. What is a group?

  3. Is a subsidiary owned by another company?

  4. What is a holding company?

  5. What is a conglomerate?

  6. Under what circumstances is a joint venture formed?

  7. Why do companies unite into a consortium?

Ex.2. What is the difference between:

a parent company – a sister company

a group – a joint venture

a conglomerate – a consortium

Ex.3. Sum up what the text says about:

  • parent companies

  • subsidiaries

  • conglomerates

  • joint ventures

  • a consortium

Grammar Revision

Present Perfect Continuous

We use the Present Perfect Continuous:

  • to talk about actions or situations that began in the past and continue in the present

He has been working for Lloyds since 1998.

  • to talk about a recent action that has a result in the present

I have been working on the project – that’s why I am so tired.

Ex.1. Choose the correct variant:

  1. He has developed /has been developing a new product for a month.

  2. She has worked/has been working overtime since May.

  3. My firm has sold/has been selling shares since September.

  4. Have you read/have you been reading our company development programme all day?

  5. I have waited/have been waiting for our partners since 2 o’clock.

  6. I have worked/have been working so hard that I haven’t seen my family for weeks.

  7. They have exhibited/have been exhibiting this new model since May.

  8. My friend has looked/has been looking around for a new flat, but he hasn’t found it yet.

  9. What new products have you advertised/have you been advertising since I last visited you?

  10. How long have you worked/have you been working as a consultant?

  11. I have tried/have been trying to ring them all day.

  12. I have run/have been running the company since 2000.

Ex.2. Complete these sentences using the correct form (Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Continuous) of the verbs in brackets.

  1. I’m exhausted I (work) all day on my business plan, and I (not finish) it yet.

  2. I (shop) all morning, but I (not buy) anything yet. I haven’t seen anything I’ve liked.

  3. I (wait) for two hours, but nobody (arrive) yet.

  4. I (listen) to you for the past half an hour, but I’m afraid I don’t understand your new idea.

  5. The company (not make) any money for 2 months.

  6. This shop never (make) any profit.

  7. He (not have) a holiday for years.

  8. My friend (be) President of the holding company for 3 months now.

  9. I (read) a lot of special literature lately.

  10. The parent company (finance) its subsidiary for 2 months.

  11. How long you (work) for them?

  12. We have spoken to each other on the phone, but we never (meet).

Ex.3. True or false? Correct where necessary.

  1. We have been thinking of ways to help our sister company for a week already.

  2. Our President has decided to change the management structure last May.

  3. We have been placing an advertisement in Accounting Journal this Month.

  4. They have raised the prices for gas last week.

  5. They have been expanding their business for 6 months.

  6. We have bought more than half of the shares of this company last month.

  7. I have prepared the annual report since early morning.

  8. My uncle knows everything about finance. He has been working as a financial manager for 20 years.

  9. I have been sending them a fax today.

  10. My brother has quarrelled with his boss yesterday.

  11. Bill is a natural salesman. He has been selling 10 cars since the beginning of the week.

  12. I wonder how Mary is getting on. I haven't heard from her for nearly a month.