- •Міністерство освіти і науки, молоді та спорту україни київський національний університет технологій та дизайну
- •Англійська мова
- •Preface
- •Content
- •I theory
- •1. Articles
- •In certain expressions when we want to show how often we do something.
- •2. Plural Nouns
- •3. Personal Pronouns - There/It/One
- •4. Possessive Case
- •5. Reflexive Pronouns
- •6. Demonstratives (this/that/these/those)
- •7. Prepositions of Place – Movement
- •8. Adjectives/Adverbs
- •Irregular adverbs:
- •9. Present Simple vs Present Continuous
- •Verbs ending in -e drop the -e and add -ing.
- •Verbs ending in -ie change the -ie to -y and add -ing. Lie - lying
- •10. Past Simple vs Past Continuous
- •Irregular Verbs
- •11. Used to/Would
- •12. Past Simple vs Present Perfect
- •Interrogative
- •13. Past Simple vs Past Perfect
- •Normal order in the past or looking back to an event before a certain time in the past?
- •Signal Words
- •More exceptions with signal words When
- •14. Ways of expressing future
- •15. Reported Speech Statements
- •If the sentence contains an expression of time, you must change it as well.
- •Reported questions
- •Reported commands
- •16. Passive Voice
- •Construction of the Passive Voice
- •Use of the Passive Voice
- •Conjugation for the Passive Voice
- •17. Conditionals
- •18. Modal Verbs
- •19. Relative Clauses
- •Identifying/Non-identifying Relative Clauses
- •20. Gerund and Infinitive
- •Gerund and Infinitive (no difference in meaning)
- •Gerund and Infinitive - difference in meaning
- •II practice
- •1. Articles
- •1. Insert a, an, the or --
- •2. Choose the right variant.
- •3. Choose the right variant.
- •4. Supply the articles if they are necessary.
- •5. Insert a, an, the or --
- •6. Insert the article where necessary
- •8. Use a, an, the or 0 (no article) in the blanks.
- •9. Choose the right variant.
- •10. Choose the right variant.
- •11. Choose the right variant.
- •2. Plural Nouns
- •1. In some cases, you may think that both answers are possible, but think about the meaning of the sentence very carefully and you will change your mind!
- •2. Complete the following sentences with:
- •3. Fill the gaps with the correct form of the nouns (singular or plural).
- •4. Fill in the gaps with a few/few/little/a little.
- •5. Fill in the gaps with some, any or no.
- •6. Underline the correct item.
- •3. Personal Pronouns - There/It/One
- •1. In the following sentences, which personal pronouns are needed?
- •2. Complete the following sentences using the correct phrases from this list.
- •3. Fill in the gaps with the correct subject or object pronoun.
- •5. Correct the mistakes.
- •4. Possessive Case
- •1. Fill the gaps with the possessive case of nouns. Decide whether you have to use 's or an of phrase.
- •2. Underline the correct item.
- •4. Make full sentences using the correct possessive form, as in the example.
- •5. Fill in the gaps with a form of the verb to be and the possessive form of a noun, so that the sentences on the right mean the same as the ones on the left. Number1 is already done for you:
- •6. Fill in the correct subject/object/possessive pronouns or possessive adjectives.
- •5. Reflexive Pronouns
- •2. Ask and answer questions using the prompts, as in the example.
- •4. Complete the following sentences using a verb from the list below and a reflexive pronoun.
- •6. Demonstratives (this/that/these/those)
- •1. Choose the right variant.
- •2. Choose the right variant.
- •3. Complete the sentences with this, these, that or those.
- •4. Choose the right variant.
- •7. Prepositions of Place – Movement
- •1. Choose the right variant.
- •2. Choose the right variant.
- •3. Choose the correct preposition in each sentence:
- •4. Choose correct prepositions in the sentences below:
- •6. Choose the correct preposition in these ten sentences.
- •8. Adjectives/Adverbs
- •1. In each sentence, replace the adjective with the correct adverb (and be careful with your spelling)
- •2. Read through these ten sentences and decide which form is needed:
- •3. Fill in the correct form of the words in brackets (comparative or superlative).
- •4. Find the adjective in the first sentence and fill the gap with the adverb.
- •5. Fill in the correct form of the adjective or adverb.
- •9. Present Simple vs Present Continuous
- •1. Choose the right variant.
- •2. Present simple or present continuous
- •3. Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or present continuous tense.
- •4. Complete the conversations using the present simple or the present continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
- •6. Choose the right variant.
- •10. Past Simple vs Past Continuous
- •1. Choose the right variant.
- •2. Look through the sentences below and see if you can decide which form of the verb is correct.
- •3. Put the verb in brackets into Past Simple or Past Continuous.
- •4. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous.
- •5. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or past continuous.
- •6. Underline the correct item.
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense, past simple or past continuous.
- •11. Used to/Would
- •1. Complete the sentences with the correct form of used to and the verbs in brackets, as in the example.
- •2. Complete the sentences with used to or would. In which sentence(s) can you use both?
- •12. Past Simple vs Present Perfect
- •1. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or present perfect simple).
- •2. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or present perfect simple).
- •3. Choose the right variant.
- •4. Choose the right variant.
- •5. Put the verb in brackets into Past Simple or Present Perfect.
- •1. When (you see) ____ this film?
- •6. Put the verb in brackets into Past Simple or Present Perfect.
- •7. Choose the right variant.
- •8. In the following sentences, which tense is needed?
- •13. Past Simple vs Past Perfect
- •1. Supply the Past Perfect or Past Simple in the following sentences.
- •2. Choose the right variant.
- •3. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or past perfect simple).
- •4. Choose the correct tense (simple past or past perfect simple).
- •5. Text. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or pas perfect simple).
- •6. Choose the right variant.
- •7. Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using either the past perfect or the past simple tenses.
- •14. Ways of expressing future
- •1. Correct the mistakes, as in the example.
- •2. Fill in the gaps with will or be going to and the verb in brackets, as in the example.
- •3. Put the verbs into the correct form (will, going to, simple present or present continuous).
- •4. Use the verbs in brackets in the correct future tenses.Use will-future, going to-future, Simple Present or Present Continuous.
- •5. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Continuous or Future Simple. Sometimes either is possible.
- •6. Put the verb in brackets into Future (will or going to).
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets into the Future (will or going to). Enter the verb too.
- •15. Reporeted Speech
- •3. Choose the right variant of converting Direct Speech into Indirect one:
- •4. Choose the right variant of converting Direct Speech into Indirect one:
- •16. Passive Voice
- •1. Choose the right variant.
- •2. Choose the right variant.
- •3. Choose the right variant.
- •4. Choose the right variant.
- •5. Choose the best way to complete these passive voice sentences.
- •6. Choose the right variant.
- •17. Conditionals
- •1. Which type of the Conditional sentences is used?
- •2. Finish the sentences. Use the correct phrases.
- •3. Put in the correct verb forms.
- •4. Complete the sentences.
- •5. Put in the correct verb forms.
- •6. Choose the right variant.
- •7. Choose the right variant.
- •8. Choose the right variant.
- •11. Choose the right variant.
- •12. Now complete the following statements by choosing the correct missing word:
- •18. Modal Verbs
- •2. Choose the right variant.
- •3. Choose the right variant.
- •4. Insert the appropriate modal verb.
- •5. Insert the appropriate modal verb.
- •6. Insert the appropriate modal verb.
- •7. Insert the appropriate modal verb.
- •8. Choose the right variant.
- •9. Choose the right variant.
- •19. Relative Clauses
- •1. Choose the right variant.
- •2. Choose the correct relative pronoun (who, which, whose).
- •3. Complete the sentences using relative clauses. Use who and which.
- •4. Fill in the gaps with who, which or whose, then answer the questions.
- •5. Correct the mistakes.
- •6. Fill in when, where or why.
- •7. Fill in where or which/that.
- •8. Fill in the correct relative pronoun or adverl
- •20. Gerund and Infinitive
- •1. Gerund or Infinitive
- •2. Gerund or Infinitive
- •3. Choose the correct form of the verb. Circle the letter а, в or c.
- •4. Choose the right variant.
- •5. Choose the right variant.
- •6. Choose the right variant.
- •7. Put the verb in brackets into a correct form. (gerund or infinitive)
- •8. Put the verb in brackets into gerund or infinitive
- •1. Circle the correct item.
- •2. Circle the correct item.
- •3. Choose the right answer:
- •4. Which is incorrect?
- •List of Irregular Verbs
3. Choose the right variant of converting Direct Speech into Indirect one:
1. She said, “We have been here for a week.”
a) She said we have been here for a week. b) She said they have been there for a week. |
c) She told they had been here for a week. d) She said they had been there for a week. |
2. My mother said, “I’ll be writing a letter at 5 o’clock.”
a) My mother said she would be writing a letter at 5 o’clock. b) My mother said I’ll be writing a letter at that moment. |
c) My mother said she will be writing a letter at 5 o’clock. d) My mother told she would have been writing a letter at 5 o’clock. |
3. He said to us, “I’ve received your postcard.”
a) He said to us I’ve received your postcard. b) He told to us he had received our postcard. |
c) He told us he had received our postcard. d) He told us he received our postcard. |
4. I said to her, “Have you lived here long?”
a) I said her how long have you lived here. b) I asked to her if she had lived here long. |
c) I asked her if she had lived here long. d) I asked her if she had lived there long. |
5. He said, “What’s the problem?”
a) He asked what was the problem. b) He asks what the problem was. |
c) He asked what’s the problem. d) He asked what the problem had been. |
6. He said to them, “Good night!”
a) He told them good night. b) He said good night. |
c) He told to them good night. d) He wished them good night. |
7. The child said to his mom, “Where are you going?”
a) The child said to his mom where is she going. b) The child asked his mom where was she going. |
c) The child asked his mom if she was going. d) The child asked his mom where she was going. |
8. She said, “I had read a book by 6 o’clock.”
a) She said I had read a book by 6 o’clock. b) She said she had read a book by 6 o’clock. |
c) She said she had read a book by that time. d) She told she had read a book by 6 o’clock. |
9. She said to him, “Where does Mrs. Brown live?”
a) She said to him where did Mrs. Brown live. b) She asked him where Mrs. Brown live. |
c) She inquired of him where Mrs. Brown lived. d) She inquired of him where did Mrs. Brown live. |
10. My friend said, “I met them yesterday.”
a) My friend said I had met them the day before. b) My friend said he had met them then. |
c) My friend said he has met them yesterday. d) My friend said he had met them the day before. |
4. Choose the right variant of converting Direct Speech into Indirect one:
1. Katherine: "I don’t like Japanese food." (You don’t believe her. She’s Japanese!)
a) Katherine said she doesn’t like Japanese food.
b) Katherine said she didn’t like Japanese food.
2. Brianna: "Do we have a test tomorrow?" (Brianna asked you this question this morning. You report it to your friend in the afternoon.)
a) Brianna wanted to know if we have a test tomorrow.
b) Brianna wanted to know if we had a test tomorrow.
3. Alexandra: "Sorry. I can’t play tennis. I’m too busy" (She said this last week.)
a) Alexandra said that she had been too busy and couldn’t play tennis.
b) Alexandra said that she was too busy and couldn’t play tennis.
4. Harry: "I didin’t do my homework." (He told you this 3 days ago.)
a) Harry said that he hadn’t done his homework.
b) Harry said that he didn’t do his homeowrk.
5. You: "Who’s taken my pencil?" (You said this in class yesterday, and report it to your friend today.)
a) I wanted to know who took my pencil.
b) I wanted to know who had taken my pencil.
6. Teacher: "You have a grammar test tomorrow." (Your teacher told you this last week.)
a) The teacher told us that we had a test the next day, but I forgot to study.
b) The teacher told us that we have a test tomorrow, but I forgot to study.
7. Dylan: "I played tennis yesterday." (Dylan tells you this today, and you report it to Mike today.)
a) Dylan said that he had played tennis the day before.
b) Dylan said that he played tennis yesterday.
c) Dylan said that he had played tennis yesterday.
8. Sarah: "I don’t like the new science teacher." (You report this a few weeks after hearing it, but you know it is still true.)
a) Sarah told me that she doesn’t like the science teacher.
b) Sarah told me that she didn’t like the science teacher.
9. Teacher: "Come here please." (The teacher says this to you in the classroom. You report it to your friend in the playground.)
a) The teacher told me to come here.
b) The teacher told me to go to him.
10. Sydney: "I’m playing tennis after work today. Do you want to play too?" (Your friend said this to you this morning.)
a) Sydney said she’s playing tennis after work today and asked if I wanted to play too.
b) Sydney said she was playing tennis after work today and asked if I want to play too.
c) Sydney said she’s playing tennis after work today and asked if I want to play too.
11. Alex: "What you you buy if you won €10,000?" (He asked you last week.)
a) Alex asked me what I would buy if I won €10,000.
b) Alex asked me what I would have bought if I had won €10,000.
12. You: "Where is Sophia?" (You asked this question yesterday. Today you ask your friend .. )
a) Did you know where Sophia is?
b) Did you know where Sophia was?
c) Did you know where Sophia has been?
d) Did you know where Sophia had been?
13. Filip: "I saw her in the cafeteria an hour ago." (Filip told you this 15 minutes ago, and you now report it to the teacher.)
a) Filip said that he’s seen her in the cafeteria an hour ago.
b) Filip said that he saw her in the cafeteria an hour ago.
c) Filip said that he’d seen her in the cafeteria an hour before.
14. Mary: "John’s not very well!" (Two hours after Mary tells you this, you see John jogging in the park.)
a) Mary said you don’t feel well, so how come you’re out running?
b) Mary said you didn’t feel well, so how come you’re out running?
15. Gloria: "I can speak 6 languages." (You have heard that Gloria does not always tell the truth.)
a) Gloria said that she can speak 6 languages.
b) Gloria said that she could speak 6 languages.
16. Mother: "What have you been doing all day?" (Your mother asked you this yesterday.)
a) My mother wanted to know what I was doing all day.
b) My mother wanted to know what I had been doing all day.
c) My mother wanted to know what I have been doing all day.
17. Jennifer: "I’m flying back to Japan tomorrow." (Jennifer told you this last week.)
a) Jennifer told me that she was flying back to Japan the next day.
b) Jennifer told me that she’s flying back to Japan tomorrow.
18. Frank: "I promise not to fall asleep next lesson." (You heard Frank say this to the teacher in class two days ago.)
a) Frank promised not to fall asleep next lesson.
b) Frank promised not to fall asleep the next lesson.
19. Sally: "I don’t eat chocolate." (Sally tells you this at 10.15. Twenty minutes later you see her eating a chocolate bar.)
a) You just told me that you don’t eat chocolate!
b) You just told me that you didn’t eat chocolate.
20. Kevin: "I come to school by bus." (Kevin is in your class and you believe what he says.)
a) Kevin said he comes to school by bus.
b) Kevin said he came to school by bus.
21. You think: "Why is she not talking to me?" (You report your thoughts to your friend the next day.)
a) I wondered why she isn’t talking to me.
b) I wondered why she wasn’t talking to me.
c) I wondered why she hadn’t talked to me.
22. You: "Why is he late?" (This is what you are thinking now.)
a) I wonder why he was late.
b) I wonder why he is late.
23. Prime minister in a TV broadcast: "Unemployment has fallen." (You simply report what you heard. You neither want to imply that you believe the information nor that you disbelieve it.)
a) The Prime Minister said that unemployment had fallen.
b) The Prime Minister said that unemployment has fallen.
24. Maria: "Have you seen Filip?" (Maria asked you this question yesterday.)
a) Maria wanted to know if I saw Filip.
b) Maria wanted to know if I had seen Filip.
25. John: "I’m 37." (You don’t believe him.)
a) He said he was 37, but he looks much older.
b) He said he’s 37, but he looks much older.
26. Mary: "I’ve lost my dictionary!"(You report this just after you hear it. You know it is still true.)
a) Mary said that she’s lost her dictionary. Can you help us find it?
b) Mary said that she’d lost her dictionary. Can you help us find it?
27. Jacob: "Were you in school yesterday." (Jacob asks you the question 10 minutes before you report it to Yuta.)
a) Jacob asked me if I were in school yesterday.
b) Jacob asked me if I was in school the day before.
c) Jacob asked me if I was in school yesterday.
d) Jacob asked me if I had been in school yesterday.
28. "This test will be easy!" (The test was last week.)
a) I thought the test would be easy, but I was wrong!
b) I thought the test will be easy, but I was wrong!
29. Jose: "Who’s going to the party on Friday?" (Jose asked this question on Tuesday in the week of the party. You reported the question the same day.)
a) Jose asked me who was going to the party that Friday.
b) Jose asked me who is going to the party this Friday.
30. You: "How is Christy today?" (Your friend Christy has been sick. You report to her today the question you asked yourself yesterday.)
a) I wondered how you were.
b) I wondered how you are.