2. Переведите на русский язык следующие английские словосочетания:

1) naval vessels; 6) subsidise airmail;

2) the first direct non-stop flight; 7) the number of people;

3) the first solo flight; 8) the end of the great ocean liners;

4) man's first landing on the moon ; 9) the peak of luxury

travel;

5) to be scarcely possible; 10) cold northern latitudes;

3. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

1)средняя скорость; 6)дальнейшее развитие

воздушного транспорта;

2) лететь по воздуху; 7)удобные внутренние маршруты;

3) отдаленные маршруты; 8)новое поколение;

воздушного транспорта;

4)воздушные линии всего мира; 9)позволить летать;

5)самые громоздкие товары; 10)в интересах безопасности.

4. Найдите в тексте слова, имеющие общий корень с данными словами. Определите, к какой части речи они относятся, и переведите их на русский язык:

Safe, engine, air, sea, plane, mail, precedent, compare, shadow, develop.

5. Задайте к выделенному в тексте предложению все типы вопросов (общий, альтернативный, разделительный, специальный: а) к подлежащему; б) к второстепенному члену предложения).

6. Выполните анализ данных предложений, обратив внимание на следующие грамматические явления: инфинитив; инфинитивные обороты (объектный, субъектный); функции слов one, that; условные предложения (сослагательное наклонение I – II типов):

1. Urgent press photographs, too, began to go by air.

2. In the late 1930s several governments were said to subsidise airmail on the distant routes.

3. In 1958, for the first time, more people wanted the Atlantic to cross by air.

4. If the Atlantic route were a potential prize for commercial operators, 1919 would see the first conquest of the Atlantic by flying machine, foreshadowing commercial developments still 20 or 30 years away.

5. If the letters and parcels had come tumbling in passengers would have had to be wooed.

7. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту:

1.What can you say about the first three flights across the Atlantic?

2.What have you learned about Charles A. Lindbergh and his flight?

3.What country put great emphasis on mail carrying and what was the reason?

4.Where was fast delivery of letters of critical importance before the international telephone network was established?

5.When did several governments subsidise airmail on the distant routes?

6.How did more people cross the Atlantic in 1958 for the first time?

7.What is the second half of the 20th century characterized by?

8. Составьте аннотацию на текст (2 - 3 предложения).

9. Составьте реферат на текст (10 - 15 предложений).

10. Составьте план текста и перескажите текст.

ВАРИАНТ 8

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

New Shapes in the Sky

Sikorsky, Martin and Boeing in the United States, Dornier in Germany and Short in Britain pioneered the commercial flying-boat in the 1930s. This large, comfortable, multi-engined aircraft had a hull that rode in the water like a ship. Britain's 'Empire' flying-boats opened up routes to India, the Far East and Australia in the years just before the Second World War.

Pan American Airways called their flying-boats 'clippers'. The worldwide routes they and the Empire flying-boats inaugurated during the late 1930s provided the most luxurious, smooth and picturesque air travel that has ever existed. A maximum of 40-50 passengers were carried in cabins insulated from noise; service and menus rivalled those of the best hotels. Through the windows - or rather portholes -unrolled the panorama of Hawaii, Singapore, Sydney Harbour and Hong Kong.

But flying-boats were swept away by the Second World War. Wartime flying brought adequate airfields to almost every area of the world, which doomed the costly flying-boat operation. During the war, landbased aircraft began to cross the Atlantic routinely. Britain operated the 'Atlantic Return Ferry' between Prestwick in Scotland and Montreal in Canada, for aircrew returning after delivering military aircraft to Britain. This used converted American long-range Liberator bombers.

American Boeing 314A flying-boats bought by Britain in 1941 provided a wartime transatlantic service for high-ranking personnel and government business.

The United States supplied all the large passenger aircraft which opened post-war civil flying round the world, notably the Lockheed Constellation and the Boeing Stratocruiser. The Constellation and Stratocraiser could carry 45 and 55 passengers respectively; converted British Lancaster bombers could take only nine.

Outside the United States the passenger-carrying countries had to miss out a whole stage of building large transport aircraft. Both Britain and France hoped to 'leapfrog' the natural course of design evolution by developing a pure jet air-liner. Britain's De Havilland Comet, which first flew in service in 1952, was a costly disaster at first, but after metal fatigue had been diagnosed and cured it had a useful career including many years with the airlines and the Royal Air Force. It flies today as the RAF Nimrod. The French Caravelle, which came into service in 1958 for middle-distance routes, was an instant success.

Faster aircraft, growing prosperity and cheaper seats have meant a prodigious growth in air transport for the mass of ordinary people since the Second World War. The number of people carried by the world's airlines outside the Soviet Union in 1937 was approximately 2 million; in 1947 it was 21 million; in 1957, 90 million. By 1967, 11 million people passed through New York's Kennedy Airport annually.

People realized the great advantage of air transport and all civilized countries tried to develop it.

Jet Age