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Файл:Английский язык полный курс подготовки к централизованному тестированию и экзамену
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on the road (pavement) на дороге (тротуаре)
on the way (home, to work)
on (at) the border
Запомните выражения с предлогом on:
on TV (the radio) по телевидению (радио)
on the Internet
on the air в эфире
on the news
on the outskirts
on a farm
on holiday (leave)
on business в командировке
on an excursion
on a cruise (trip, tour)
on the left (right) слева (справа)
a look on the face
a kiss on the cheek
on me (=with me) с собой, при себе
внутри, в помещении, в ограниченном пространстве
in the box (pocket)
in the hand
in an armchair
in a safe place
in one’s place на чьем-то месте
in the workplace на рабочем месте
in the book (newspaper, magazine)
in the office (classroom)
in the shop window
in the building
in hospital (prison)
in the city (country)
in Minsk
in the center (middle)
in a street (avenue, square)
in the suburbs в пригороде
in the garden (field, mountains)
in the river (sea, pool)
in the sky
in the North
по пути (домой, на работу)
на границе
в Интернете
в передаче новостей
на окраине
на ферме
на каникулах (в отпуске)
на экскурсии
в путешествии
выражение лица
поцелуй в щеку
IN
в коробке (кармане)
в руке
в кресле
в безопасном месте
в книге (газете, журнале)
в офисе (классе)
в витрине
в здании
в больнице (тюрьме)
в городе (стране)
в Минске
в центре
на улице (проспекте, площади)
в саду (поле, горах)
в реке (море, пруду)
в небе
на севере
111
Запомните выражения с предлогом in:
in the sun
in the rain
in the (open) air на (открытом) воздухе
in the shade (darkness)
in a picture (photograph)
in a row (line, queue) в ряду (линии, очереди)
in the way (road) на пути (дороге) (о преграде)
in the distance вдали
Обратите внимание на употребление предлогов on, in, at
в следующих словосочетаниях:
− the door (blackboard, platform) – у двери (доски, платформы)
the door (blackboard, platform) – на двери (доске, платформе)
(на поверхности)
− the mirror (picture) – в зеркале (на картине) (об изображении)
the mirror (picture) – на зеркале (картине) (на поверхности)
− the corner of the street – на углу улицы
the corner of the table – на углу стола
the corner of the room – в углу комнаты
− the front (back) of the queue – в начале (конце) очереди
the front (back) of the envelope – на лицевой (обратной) стороне
конверта
the front (back) of the car – на переднем (заднем) сиденье ма-
шины
− the market – на рынке
the market – в продаже
the marketplace – на рынке
to be the market for sth – хотеть купить что-л.
− sea – в море (на корабле, в лодке)
the sea – на море
the sea – в море
на солнце
под дождем
в тени (темноте)
на картине (фотографии)
Обратите внимание на употребление предлогов для обозна-
чения адреса:
the above address – по вышеуказанному адресу
a house Oxford Street (Br.) – дом на Оксфорд Стрит
a hotel Park Avenue (Am.) – отель на Парк Авеню
Fleet Street 4 – на улице Флит Стрит 4 (название улицы перед
номером дома)
4 Fleet Street – в доме № 4 по Флит Стрит (номер дома перед
названием улицы)
112
К предлогам места также относятся следующие предлоги:
Предлог Значение Примеры
ABOVE
(ант. below)
OVER
(ант. under)
BELOW под, ниже
UNDER под, ниже
OPPOSITE напротив
IN FRONT OF перед
BEFORE впереди, перед to be before sb in the queue
AFTER после, за
BEHIND за, позади
WITHIN
INSIDE внутри
OUTSIDE
(A)ROUND вокруг
BETWEEN между
AMONG между, среди
AGAINST
BY / NEXT TO /
BESIDE
NEAR возле
над, выше
над, выше
в рамках,
в пределах
вне,
за пределами
о, к,
на фоне
у, около,
рядом
the temperature above 10 °C
a mirror above the washbasin
a lamp over the table
a bridge over the river
below sea level
8 °C below zero
under the sofa
under water
the shop opposite the house
opposite each other
to sit in front of the TV
a car in front of us
to be after sb on the list
one after another
to stand behind sb
to close the door behind sb
within the city
within the law
a letter inside the envelope
inside the safe
outside the house
outside the town
to gather (a)round the table
to travel (a)round the country
between you and me
the distance between two towns
to be among friends
panic among the visitors
to lean against the wall
against the dark wall
by (beside) the river
to sit beside (next to, by) sb
near the entrance
the hotel near the station
113
I. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
1. My cat has so fluffy whiskers (in / on / at) its face.
2. You can find the answers to any questions (in / on / at) the Internet.
3. If you stay (at / inside / on) a hotel you can take a single room, a
double room or a suite.
4. The USA is one of the largest industrial nations (at / in / on) the
world.
5. I wasn’t sure whether I had come to the right office. There was no
name (in / on / at) the door.
6. On average, we spend about a third of our lives (at / in / on) work.
7. More than two thousand years ago the Romans founded a small
settlement (at / on / in) the River Thames. They called it Londinium.
8. David was sitting (beside / opposite / in front of) me at lunch so
I couldn’t help looking at him.
9. The cottage is located (at / in / on) the outskirts of the town (on /
in / at) the district of Coimbra.
10. Tom lives somewhere (in / on / at) that area (around / among /
between) the hospital, the university and the by-pass.
11. We were driving along the street when the car (before / opposite /
in front of) us stopped suddenly and we crashed into it.
12. There’s nothing better than telling stories (among / against /
around) the campfire (at / inside / on) a summer camp.
13. Two people got lost (in / at / by) sea five months ago after their
boat lost power (on / in / at) the Pacific Ocean.
14. There was a big crowd (in / outside / inside) the shop waiting for
it to open.
15. She is wearing a long black coat that comes down well (below /
under / over) her knees.
16. There are so many people here. You won’t find your friend (bet-
ween / among / within) them.
17. We reached our arms (above / under / over) the table to clink our
glasses.
18. My office is (at / in / on) the first floor. It’s (to / on / in) the left as
you come out of the lift.
19. Write your name and address (at / on / in) the left-hand corner
and put your signature (at / on / in) the bottom of the page.
20. Belarus is located (in / on / at) the centre of Europe, (on / in / at)
the crossroads of trade (among / between / in) East and West, North and
South.
114
II. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
1. Dear school-leavers, you are still young – your whole life is … you.
a. before c. in front
b. opposite d. outside
2. Do you know where my keys are? ~ … the drawer.
a. behind c. in
b. on d. at
3. There’s a ketchup stain … my new white shirt.
a. in c. by
b. at d. on
4. Anna felt tired, so she stopped the car … the side of the road and got
out.
a. at c. in
b. outside d. on
5. ‘Global Penfriends’ is an e-meeting place for people from all … the
world.
a. among c. over
b. within d. above
6. I always smile at the people who stop me … the street.
a. at c. by
b. outside d. in
7. The island of Alcatraz is … the middle of San Francisco Bay.
a. by c. in
b. at d. on
8. Have you seen this morning’s paper? There’s a big picture of you …
the front page!
a. on c. inside
b. at d. in
9. There was nothing interesting … the news tonight.
a. at c. by
b. in d. on
10. The list is alphabetical so ‘MacMillan’ should come … ‘Mac-
Gregor’.
a. behind c. after
b. in front of d. before
11. In this situation I wouldn’t like to be … your place.
a. on c. below
b. in d. at
12. The noise was too loud, so I put my hands … my ears.
a. under c. above
b. below d. over
115
13. This article was posted … the website of the Ministry of Foreign Af-
fairs.
a. inside c. on
b. at d. in
14. January temperatures here often fall … the average minimum.
a. below c. under
b. above d. over
15. It was hard to watch the match because there were several tall people
standing … me.
a. opposite c. in front of
b. near d. beside
16. If ladder is leaned … a building, it will form a right triangle with the
ground.
a. against c. near
b. by d. beside
17. China is … the way to becoming one of the world’s strongest econo-
mies.
a. in c. at
b. on d. to
18. She was standing … the queue … the bus stop with her back to me.
a. in; on c. in; at
b. at; on d. at; at
19. I spent two weeks with my family relaxing … the sun … the seaside.
a. on; on c. at; in
b. in; on d. in; at
20. The coffee’s … the table and there’s some sugar … the sugar bowl if
you want some.
a. on; in c. at; at
b. at; inside d. on; within
Предлоги наПравления движения
Предлог Значение Примеры
TO в
TOWARD(S) по направлению к
ONTO
на, в
to go to school
a road to the shop
to walk toward(s) the lake
to lean toward(s) smb
to put the box onto the table
to toss smth onto the bed
116
Предлог Значение Примеры
INTO внутрь
OUT OF изнутри
FROM с, из, от
OFF
UP вверх to go up the stairs
DOWN вниз to walk down the street
ACROSS через
THROUGH через
AGAINST против to swim against the current
ALONG вдоль to cycle along the road
PAST мимо to go past smb
AWAY FROM прочь, от to run away from home
FROM BEHIND из-за from behind the clouds
c, от
(поверхности)
to come into the room
to put into the box
to run out of the room
to look out of the window
to return from work
far from the city
to fall off the bike
to slip off the tongue
to swim across the river
to run across the road
to walk through the forest
to go through the door
Обратите внимание на особенности употребления некоторых
глаголов движения с предлогами:
GO
home, one’s home – идти домой, к кому-л. домой
work – идти на работу
work – идти с работы
a walk (run) – идти на прогулку (пробежку)
car, но: a (the, one’s) car – ехать на машине
train (bus, tram),но: a (the) train (bus, tram) – ехать
поездом (автобусом, трамваем)
the boat – плыть на (большой) лодке
the boat – плыть в (маленькой) лодке
a visit (to smb) – идти в гости (к кому-либо)
a trip (tour, cruise)– ехать в путешествие
business – ехать в командировку
holiday (vacation) – ехать в отпуск
one’s holidays – ехать в отпуск
117
home – приходить домой
one’s place (home) – приходить к кому-л. домой
home– возвращаться домой
COME
GET
ARRIVE
LEAVE
DEPART
MOVE
TURN
RETURN
ENTER
REACH one’s destination – добраться до места назначения
APPROACH the bridge – приближаться к мосту
work – возвращаться на работу
Paris – вернуться из Парижа
London – приехать из Лондона, быть родом из
Лондона
home,one’s home – приходить домой, к кому-л. домой
the station – добраться до вокзала
one’s holiday – вернуться из отпуска
a bus (train, plane, bicycle, horse) – садиться в автобус
(поезд, самолет, велосипед, лошадь)
a bus (train, plane, bicycle, horse) – выходить из автобу-
са (поезда, самолета), слезать с велосипеда (лошади)
a car – садиться в машину
the house – входить в дом
a taxi – выходить из такси
town – уехать из города
a city (country) – прибывать в город (страну)
the station (office) – приезжать на вокзал (в офис)
home – приезжать домой
Moscow – уезжать из Москвы
Minsk – уезжать в Минск
home, one’s home – уезжать из дома, из чьего-л. дома
Paris – уезжать в Париж
London – уезжать из Лондона
a new place – переезжать на новую квартиру
a country house – съехать с дачи
house – переезжать
left (right), the left (right) – повернуть налево (напра-
во)
() the corner – повернуть за угол
the road – свернуть с дороги
home, one’s home – вернуться домой, к кому-л. домой
Minsk – вернуться в Минск
Moscow – вернуться из Москвы
the room – входить в комнату
the university – поступать в университет
118
I. Подберите соответствующий предлог места или направле-
ния к каждой картинке:
in / inside, between, down, on top of, over, above, next to / by / be-
side, in front of, past, up, among, from … to, through, under, below, behind,
round / around, along, opposite, at, near, to / towards / in the direction of,
outside, on, against, onto, out of, across, into
II. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
1. You must take the child (to / at / for) the doctor right away.
2. I got a letter (off / from / out of) my old friend the other day.
3. I dislike this job because I often go (in / on / for) business trips and
must live out of a suitcase.
4. She entered (to / at / –) the Belarusian State University last year.
5. Neil Armstrong stepped (onto / down / to) the moon in 1969.
6. I could see nothing (through / out / across) the window.
7. The e-mail sent on Monday didn’t reach (to / at / –) them.
119
8. Don hurt himself. He fell (from / down / off) the steps yesterday.
9. I got (out of / off / from) the water and dried myself off with the
towel.
10. He walked right (along / past / against) me yesterday but didn’t
say hello.
11. She took the plates (from behind / off / away from) the table and
put them in the sink.
12. Can you give any examples of fish that swim (against / along /
through) the current?
13. She was homesick at first but then she got used to living (from
behind / away from / from) home.
14. Travelling (by / in / on) your own car is better than going (by /
on / in)
mobile phone.
and around the corner (to / – / on) the left.
along / away from) the street (into / for / towards) the post office.
move (in / to / onto) a new building we are too busy to go (to / – / for)
anywhere.
international exhibition. I am leaving (by / on / in) the 9 o’clock train.
The train departs (from / off / out of) platform 2.
to / in) the hotel (in / on / by) taxi. I went (down / up / on) to the eleventh
floor, came (for / back to / into) the hotel room and took my clothes (out
of / from / outside) my suitcase.
foot.
15. You can access (to / – / in) the Internet (off / out of / from) your
16. All you need to do is to drive (across / through / under) the tunnel
17. Mrs. Woods got (out of / from / off) the bus and walked (through /
18. We wanted to go away (for / on / to) a holiday but because of the
19. Tomorrow I am leaving (to / for / in) Italy to participate in the
20. When I arrived (at / in / from) the airport I went directly (towards /
III. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
1. He pulled his mobile … his pocket and made a call.
a. from c. off
b. away from d. out of
2. He climbed … a tree so as to rescue the kitten.
a. down c. up
b. into d. onto
3. He noticed her the minute she walked … the door.
a. across c. out of
b. through d. from
120
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