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Файл:Английский язык для студентов-бакалавров неязыковых специальностей заочной формы обучения. Учебное пособие
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Collective study often is a good thing, whether in the library or in a shared
home, but some practices around collective study students acknowledged were
less useful:
Working together on the sofa, laptops open, but so is the TV.
The noise and social dynamics of the library are not always supportive of
good study time – this is why it can be useful to find separate spaces to study
away from the library or a shared home.
The students we worked with acknowledged that sometime they didn’t
actively prioritise their studies enough over their social life, one described this as
FOMO, ‘Fear of Missing Out’:
‘I could not pass on a night out, but could pass up a day in the library.’
The boundaries between social life and study can be blurred in a good
way, but having some demarcation between them can be useful so that social
time is not mistaken for study time – this is where collectively agreeing this
between friends can be helpful and why having small goals can help ensure that
study time is productive.
Unit 3
Top 10 Jobs in 2030: Skills You Need Now to Land the Jobs of the Future
Do you remember what life was like before iPhones existed? What about
before Uber? The internet? Can you imagine actually having to look up a word
in the dictionary? Or going to the library to rent the latest edition of Harry
Potter?
Probably not. The majority of your life has been inundated with
technology but the truth is, your most useful tools didn’t even exist 15 years ago!
Yeah, you heard me right. iPhones didn’t exist 15 years ago. Want to know
something even crazier?
By 2025, we’ll lose over five million jobs to automation.
That means that future jobs will look vastly different by the time you
graduate university. Don’t worry, though! The jobs of the future will actually be
more interesting than those of the past.
Gone are the days of factory workers and physical production... we’ll let
the machines handle that. Instead, future jobs will involve knowledge creation
and innovation. Machines are actually doing you a favour. They’re freeing you
up to explore, experiment and find interesting solutions to complex problems,
like pollution.
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Say goodbye to a desk job and hello to the world of creation!
Future Skills
Although no one can accurately predict what jobs will look like in the
future there are seven skills that will be essential to your future success.
1. Mental Elasticity and Complex Problem Solving:
The future is going to bring about problems you've never seen before in a
world you’ve never experienced. In order to solve these problems, you’ll need to
have the mental flexibility to think outside of the box, see the big picture and
rearrange things to find a solution. Luckily, this skill is highly developable and
simply takes practice. The more difficult problems you tackle, the more bendy
your brain will get!
2. Critical Thinking:
Technology may be able to automate many of the jobs that currently exist,
but you probably wouldn't trust it to do your critical thinking for you; as such
your future career will require you to have excellent critical thinking skills.
You’ll constantly need to be analysing various situations, considering multiple
solutions and making decisions on the fly through logic and reasoning.
3. Creativity:
Worried about robots stealing your job? The more creative you are, the
less likely you are to lose your job to a robot! While robots may be better than
you at calculating and diagnosing problems, they aren’t very good at creating
original content, thinking outside the box or being abstract. Yet.
4. People Skills:
Listen, machines are going to take over eventually and technology is going
to get much more advanced, so us humans have to stick together! If you want to
succeed in the future job market, you’ll need to learn how to manage and work
with people (and robots), which includes getting in touch with your emotions,
having empathy and listening,
5. STEM:
Even though science, technology, engineering and maths jobs are super
hot right now, don’t expect them to go away in the future. As technology
progresses, you’ll need to have more advanced STEM skills to keep up. Also
coding. Learn how to code.
6. SMAC:
You’ve heard of STEM but you probably haven’t heard of SMAC (social,
mobile, analytics and cloud). Catchy, right? Learning all of these skills/platforms
will make you stand out in the future job market!
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7. Interdisciplinary Knowledge:
Your future career will require you to pull information from many
different fields to come up with creative solutions to future problems. This skill’s
easy to work on as well. Start by reading as much as you can about anything and
everything that interests you. Once you get to college, consider double majoring
or minoring in completely different fields. Trust me, it’ll pay off in the long run.
Jobs of the Future
Now that you know what skills will make you successful in the future,
let’s take a look at some future jobs!
Disclaimer: All of these jobs do not currently exist and may never exist so
please don’t blame me if you tell your parents that you want to be a trash
engineer and they laugh in your face.
1. Trash Engineer
This may be the oddest future job but it’s totally necessary!
Think about it. Humans produce 2.6 billion pounds of trash annually, and
what do we do with it? Throw it in landfill. There is no way this practice is
sustainable so we’re going to have to think about something else to do with all of
our rubbish. Unfortunately, just packing our trash Wall-E style isn’t going to cut
it. You could turn our rubbish into clean gas! Or figure out a way to make it
combine to make it strong enough to construct buildings with! The possibilities
are endless but it’s up to you to come up with the award winning ideas.
2. Alternative Energy Consultant
People cannot survive on fossil fuel forever, so alternative energy sources
are the only hope. I’m sure you’ve heard of solar, wind and hydroelectric energy.
The question is, which one is right for your home, your community and your
city? Say hello to your new dream job: Alternative Energy Consultant. You’ll be
an expert in all things energy and go from city to city around the world assessing
the best sustainable energy source for each place. Believe me, you’ll be in high
demand very soon!
3. Earthquake Forecaster
This job is literally impossible in today’s day and age, but hey, some
people would have said the same thing about weather forecasters less than a
hundred years ago! With big earthquakes happening more frequently, someone’s
going to have to come up with a way to accurately map the Earth’s core and
figure out how to actually predict earthquakes with plenty of warning.
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4. Medical Mentor
As machines and robots take over the medical field by diagnosing patients
and even performing surgery, a new role in the medical field will emerge:
Medical mentors! As a medical mentor, you’ll be in charge of patients after their
appointments, surgeries and other medical procedures. You’ll check in on them,
make sure they are following their doctor’s (or robot’s) recommendations and
help them break through the negative factors that are impeding them from
getting (and staying) healthy. Think of yourself as a nutritionist, therapist,
exercise counsellor and friend all rolled into one.
5. Organ/Body Part Creator
Ever heard of the organ black market? Well, it exists, it’s illegal and it’s a
huge problem. Why? Because many people around the world spend years on
medical waiting lists praying that their name will get called for the next eye,
kidney or even heart available. Eventually, they get sick of waiting and they
discover the deep, dark world of the organ black market, where they can buy
whatever they need... for a price.
Every 12 minutes a new name gets added onto the already gigantic waiting
list and every day about 21 people die because they didn’t get the organ they
needed. With those kinds of stats, it’s not surprising that people turn to the black
market. However, in a few years, it’ll be up to you to create organ and body parts
from stem cells and other materials that don’t yet exist. Get ready; your future
career is closer than you think.
6. Memory Surgeon
Here’s where things start to get a bit sci-fi-y. What if there was a way to
surgically remove bad memories, mental illness and destructive behavior? Is it
possible? Would it be ethical? Would it rid the world of terrorism? Only you can
unlock the answers to these burning questions by becoming a Memory Surgeon.
Your future career is bound to cause controversy but stick to it and you could
change the world. Just make sure you’re only removing memories, illnesses and
behaviours that actually need to be removed so that when your friend asks you if
you can remove last night’s bad date, you can say no.
7. Personal Productivity Person
In order to compete with the up and coming automated workforce, people
are going to have to become as efficient as possible. However, doing so is easier
said than done. Think about how many distractions you have in your life that
hinder you from unlocking your full potential: Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat,
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Netflix, Hulu, The 24-hour news cycle ...and more! As technology continues to
evolve, the number of distractions we have will continue to grow and if we are
inefficient, machines will be looming in the background ready to take our jobs.
Unless, of course, we all have Person Productivity People (or PPP)!
As a PPP, your job will consist of analysing people’s daily lives and
teaching them to silence their daily distractions in order to work harder and
smarter.
P.S. I’m still working on the exact name of this future career, but trust me,
it’s going to be a big one!
8. Personal Internet of Things (IoT) Security Repair Person
We are used to calling plumbers or repairmen when something is broken
around the house, but who do you call when your smart refrigerator gets hacked
and tells your smart coffee maker to continuously make coffee and your smart
lights to turn on and off every five minutes? A personal IoT Security Repair
Person of course! Dysfunctioning products due to hacking is just one of the
many problems that the world is bound to face as our devices become smarter.
As an IoT Security Repair Person, you’ll be in charge of thwarting hackers
before they cause any damage and fixing any damage that you’re unable to
prevent. Let’s just say that an innocent coffee machine hacker will be the least of
your problems.
9. Flight Instructor
I know what you’re thinking, flight instructors already exist! You’re right,
they do, but what about human flight instructors. Listen, you already know that
flying cars are bound to happen, but let’s take that idea one step further…Flying
people!
Although I’m not positive that people will fly by 2030, it’s only a matter
of time before someone, somewhere builds a device that allows people to fly.
Perhaps it’s only short distances at first but eventually people might be able to
fly from Auckland to Christchurch or even to Sydney!
Once the flight revolution takes off, everyone will want to learn and who
better to teach them than you? If you wouldn’t mind being one of the first people
who learns how to fly, you’ll end up racking in the big bucks!
10. Commercial Space Pilot
Elon Musk and Richard Branson are racing to space and soon, civilian
space exploration is going to become a reality. Yay! However, there’s one little
problem… who’s going to fly us around? We can’t possibly all become
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astronauts before exploring the moon (or Mars); that would take way too long
and wouldn’t be practical at all.
We’ll need someone who has the experience of an astronaut but is also
trained to handle much larger rockets with many more people aboard. Sounds
like a tough job but if you’re an expert on space and have always dreamed of
becoming an astronaut, it’s time to start thinking bigger! I’m counting on you to
become the best Commercial Space Pilot the future has ever seen!
Final Thoughts
Although a lot of the jobs that exist today will be automated by 2030, you
should be excited about the future, not scared of it. The robots will take over all
of the boring jobs which will leave more free time for you to explore interesting,
creative and important new jobs such as the 10 I outlined in this blog! However,
you shouldn’t limit yourself to the jobs on this list. Dream up your own list of
potential future careers that use the essential skills outlined earlier and who
knows, you might create the next million-dollar idea!
Unit 4
Futurophobia
Futurophobia is fear of the future causing anxiety and nervousness. It has
reached a mass level, and become a sign of the times and therefore a global
problem.
People have always been afraid of changes and reluctantly, even under
coercion, agreed to be led by others. For the majority, the so-called stability,
unwillingness to be exposed to and actively participate in serious changes, is
more important. It has largely to do with the unwillingness to accept
responsibility for consequences, and the fear of the unknown.
Today, futurophobia is caused by global problems and the situation of
global uncertainty. It is aggravated by: the decline of traditional ways of life in
many countries; cultural, civilization and value conflicts; new historical
challenges; and existential trials of man. People have reached the line beyond
which there is either destruction or serious changes in human life. People are
afraid of both of these things.
In the individual aspect, futurophobia is the fear and non-acceptance of
problems, difficulties, prospects of change, conscious or subconscious avoidance
of participating in them and active or passive resistance to innovations and
progress.
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Futurophobia is sometimes treated as human non-acceptance of a
qualitatively new future, which diverges from the present a person is used to, and
decision-making difficulties.
In terms of large groups of people, futurophobia is collective infantilism
and conformism. Largely it is the result of skillful manipulation of large masses
of people by individuals and groups interested in keeping the status quo. In the
collective subconscious futurophobia manifests itself through imitation of
participation, instead of real and interested participation, as well as social and
cultural (countercultural) escapism.
Futurophobia has become a widespread phenomenon now. Its harm is that
the people who succumb to it suffer from low psychosomatic tone and
motivation, nervous psychological depression, low self-esteem, they are unsure
of their future, and have heightened anxiety and pessimism. They get tired faster
and fall ill more often, and are prone to depression. A futurophobia-stricken
person is a member of a group at risk of personality disturbance pathologies,
mental disorders and various phobias and manias. At the level of society,
futurophobia can become an obstacle to the realisation of the modern ideas that
are necessary for solving global problems, eliminating environmental and
economic crises, preventing a military or technogenic catastrophe, and human
self-destruction.
The objective basis of futurophobia is: the instability of the global world
and its socio-economic and political processes; real situations of environmental
and financial-economic crises, local armed conflicts and war, and humanitarian
catastrophes; and the acute phase of global problems and their growth.
The following issues cause futurophobia:
Negative influence of the media focusing primarily on negative facts;
Extremist ideologies, radical religious and political movements cultivating
the values of war and violence to further their goals;
Fashion for superstitions, primitive occultism and conspirology, and belief
in paranormal phenomena and their power over people’s lives;
Lack of information about various solutions to global problems and
activities carried out in this direction;
Low levels of general knowledge and literacy;
High levels of stress and the chronic fatigue syndrome;
The conflict of expectation and reality in a person’s psychic.
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The social harm produced by futurophobia is that affected people do not
believe in solving global problems, saving the planet, re-establishing social
justice, harmonious life and the consistent managed development of civilization.
What feeds the spread of futurophobia is the absence of common and
moreover – uniting – goals and objectives. To live a full life, people need
purpose; this is their nature. Purpose is always based on values and made
concrete in goals.
Thus, solving the global problem of futurophobia depends on values and
goal-setting: they can be formulated in terms of the Planetary Project as saving
the biosphere, maintaining and improving the health of the natural environment
for present and future generations, global human integration and building a
noospheric civilization capable of implementing the principles of justice,
humanism and harmonious development.
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КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1
Part 1. Grammar
1. Complete the sentences with the Present Simple or Continuous form of
the verbs in brackets.
1) Clare always looks (look) tired!
2) __________ you __________ (come)? The film is starting.
3) What __________ you __________ (do) now?
4) Jessica __________ (work) in a hotel.
5) We __________ (meet) Max at 8 o’clock tonight.
2. Write the verbs in brackets in the correct tense.
1) My uncle _________ (speak) four languages.
2) They __________ (arrive) at 3.00 p.m. last Friday.
3) __________ you __________ (go) out last night?
4) Rita __________ (live) in Budapest now.
5) Jenny __________ (enjoy) meeting new people.
6) They __________ (not / see) the film last night.
7) I __________ (not / like) working at weekends.
8) Last year we __________ (visit) Dubai.
9) The Earth __________ (go) round the Sun.
10) __________ you __________ (know) my mum?
3. Complete the text. Use the Past Simple and Past Continuous.
It was such a terrible night! The wind (1) was blowing (blow) and the trees (2)
______________ (make) a lot of noise. Suddenly, I (3) ______________ (hear)
a big crash of thunder and it (4) ______________ (start) to rain. As I (5)
______________ (run) home, I (6) ______________ (fall) over and got soaking
wet. I (7) ______________ (have) a long way to go and the rain
(8) ______________ (come) down so hard that it (9) ______________ (be)
difficult to see anything. I was very happy when I finally (10) ______________
(arrive) back at my house.
4. Use the Present Perfect and the words in brackets to describe these
situations.
1) She can’t find her mobile phone. (She / lose / mobile phone)
She’s lost her mobile phone.
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2) His plate is empty. (He / eat / everything)
___________________________________________
3) He’s carrying a suitcase. (He / be / on / holiday)
___________________________________________
4) Her leg is in plaster. (She / break / leg)
___________________________________________
5) I haven’t got any more money. (I / spend / all / my / money)
___________________________________________
6) The final score is 3–1 to our team. (Our / team / win / match)
___________________________________________
5. Find and correct the mistake in each sentence.
1) Arthur knows Monica for a year and a half.
Arthur’s known Monica for a year and a half.
2) She’s had a headache for this morning.
3) Jane was a lawyer for thirty years and she still enjoys it.
4) How long do you live in this village?
5) We’ve been to Jamaica in 2009.
6) How long do you have your cat?
7) They’ve known each other since five days.
8) Gareth had his new job for nine months. He loves it.
9) I lived here for five years, but I’m going to move soon.
10) I am here since last week.
Part 2. Vocabulary
1. Which word does not match with the rest of the group?
1) a computer, a smart phone, a laptop, a tablet PC, an application
2) Facebook, Google Chrome, Twitter, Myspace, Instagram
3) video conferencing, text messages, email, online chat forums, voice calls
4) cheap, fast, efficient, limited, available
5) to converse, to replace, to join, to share, to send
2. Write “Yes” if the two words are synonyms, write “No” if they are
antonyms.
1) quickly – fast
2) limited – limitless
3) facilitate – simplify
4) alter – change
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