Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Английский язык для студентов-бакалавров неязыковых специальностей заочной формы обучения. Учебное пособие
.pdf
Контрольная работа № 4
91
B. I (2) ____________________ (play) tennis a lot this week, and I (3)
____________________ (hurt) my elbow.
2) A. This decorating is hard work. I (1) ____________________ (paint) the
bedroom all afternoon and I (2) ____________________ (only / paint) three
walls.
B. Never mind. It will look great when you (3) ____________________
(finish) it.
3) A. Hi Ken. I (1) ____________________ (not / see) you for ages. What (2)
____________________ (you /do) recently?
B. I (3) ____________________ (travel).
A. That’s fantastic! Where (4) ____________________ (you / be)?
B. I (5) ____________________ (be) to Thailand. Have (6)
____________________ (you / ever / go) there?
….A. No, I haven’t, but I (7) ____________________ (want) to go for a long
time.
4). A. Hi. (1) ____________________ (have) a good day?
B. Yes. I (2) ____________________ (shop). But I (3)
____________________ (spend) a lot of money!
A. Show me what you (4) ____________________ (buy).
B. Well, I’m afraid I (5) ____________________ (not / buy) anything for
you! I (6) ____________________ (try) to find you a birthday present for ages,
but I (7) ____________________ (find) anything yet.
4. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1) You ’ll get (get) wet if you go out. It’s raining!
2) If we __________ (not / leave) soon, we’ll be late.
3) What __________ you __________ (do) if you fail the exam?
4) If it’s sunny, we __________ (go) to the beach.
5) If Maria __________ (lie) to me once more, I’ll be furious!
5. Use the Second Conditional to finish these sentences.
1) If I were the leader of my country,
___________________________________________
2) If I could travel anywhere in the world,
___________________________________________
Английский язык для студентов-бакалавров неязыковых специальностей…
92
3) If I could meet any famous person in the world,
___________________________________________
4) If you asked me to cook a meal,
___________________________________________
6. Choose the correct answer.
1) If we didn’t / don’t have to work, we’d travel round the world.
2) If you took / take more exercise, you’d be fitter.
3) I’d help / I’ll help you if I had more time.
4) If I am / were you, I’d forget all about it.
5) If I win / won the lottery, I’d give all the money to charity.
Part 2. Vocabulary
1. Which word does not match with the rest of the group?
1) era, period, cycle, level, age
2) cause, bring about, lead to, retain, engender
3) island cyclones, typhoons, drought, flood
4) death, disease, victim, damage, mitigation
5) challenge, effect, influence, impact, consequence
2. Write “Yes” if the two words are synonyms, write “No” if they are
antonyms.
1) refugee – displaced person
2) support indifference
3) worse – better
4) awareness – ignorance
5) donation – contribution
6) impact – effect
7) protect – abandon
8) sophisticated – advanced
9) green – ecological
10) extinction – dying out
11) violent – gentle
Контрольная работа № 4
93
3. Match the words to make collocations.
1) rail
2) green
3) CO2
4) energy
5) climate
6) negative
7) greenhouse
8) human
9) marine
10) sea
11) weather
12) developing
13) material
a) change
b) emission
c) effect
d) ecosystems
e) systems
f) activities
g) consequences
h) energy
i) demand
j) phenomena
k) countries
l) damage
m) level
4. Match the beginnings of the sentences with their endings. Translate the
sentences.
1) Climate change, also called global
warming,
2) Climate change is the rise in
average surface temperatures on
Earth,
3) The primary cause of climate
change is the burning of fossil
fuels, such as oil and coal,
4) Other human activities, such as
agriculture and deforestation,
5) We're already seeing the first
climate refugees as people are
displaced
6) The Earth's climate has changed
many times during the planet's
history,
7) Most of the observed increase in
global average temperatures since
the mid-20th century is very likely
a) which emits greenhouse gases into
the atmosphere primarily carbon
dioxide.
b) with events ranging from ice ages
to long periods of warmth.
c) refers to the rise in average surface
temperatures on Earth.
d) by rising sea levels, melting Arctic
permafrost and other extreme
weather.
e) mostly due to the burning of fossil
fuels.
f) due to the observed increase in
anthropogenic (produced by
humans) greenhouse gas emissions.
g) also contribute to the proliferation
of greenhouse gases that cause
climate change.
Английский язык для студентов-бакалавров неязыковых специальностей…
94
5. Complete the text with the correct words.
fossil surface researchers climate oceans increases emissions era
climate land-use
Thousands of studies conducted by ………. around the world have
documented ………. in temperature at Earth’s ………., as well as in the
atmosphere and……….. . Many other aspects of global ………. are changing as
well. Human activities, especially ………. of heat-trapping greenhouse gases
from ………. fuel combustion, deforestation, and ………. change, are the
primary driver of the ………. changes observed in the industrial ………. .
Part 3. Reading comprehension
What is climate change?
Climate change is a global challenge that has no borders and to combat it
requires coordinated work by all countries.
Although it is certain that Earth has naturally warmed up and got colder
during other eras, such cycles have always been much slower, taking millions of
years, whereas now, within a period of just 200 years, we are reaching levels that
in the past brought about extinctions.
The main cause of climate change is global warming, which has many
negative consequences on physical, biological and human systems, as well as
other effects. Global warming is caused by the greenhouse effect, a natural
process by which the atmosphere retains some of the Sun’s heat, allowing the
Earth to maintain the necessary conditions to host life. Without the greenhouse
effect, the average temperature of the planet would be -180C.
The problem is that daily human activities maximize the greenhouse
effect, causing the planet’s temperature to increase even more.
Causes behind global warming:
Increase in greenhouse gases.
Deforestation.
Destruction of marine ecosystems.
Population increase.
Consequences of climate change
The global temperature increase brings disastrous consequences,
endangering the survival of the Earth’s flora and fauna, including human beings.
The worst climate change impacts include the melting of the ice mass at the
Контрольная работа № 4
95
poles, which in turn causes rising sea level, producing flooding and threatening
coastal environments through which small island states risk disappearing
entirely.
Climate change also increases the appearance of more violent weather
phenomena, drought, fires, the death of animal and plant species, flooding from
rivers and lakes, the creation of climate refugees and destruction of the food
chain and economic resources, especially in developing countries.
Observed and expected environmental effects:
Change in ecosystems and desertification
Variations in life conditions in natural environments cause death, disease
and massive migrations of species.
Melting of the poles and rising sea level
Heat causes the melting of the ice at the poles, which increases the sea
level and threatens to submerge coastal communities and small island states.
Acidification of the oceans
The absorption of too much CO₂ causes death and disease among fish,
algae, coral and other organisms in the sea.
Extreme weather phenomena
Hurricanes, cyclones, typhoons, drought, floods, rain and snow, all
increase in their degree of violence due to global warming, causing more deaths,
victims, refugees and material damage.
Extinction of species
Changes in ecosystems and desertification cause the death of between
10,000 and 50,000 species every year.
Massive migration
The existence of climate refugees, still to be recognized by the United
Nations, is a reality; it is estimated their number could reach one billion by 2050.
How can we avoid climate change?
First, it is important to be clear that climate change cannot be avoided. We
can mitigate its effects and adapt to its consequences, i.e. we can fight it through
the application of small and large scale measures that help to slow down climate
change. These actions are known as climate change mitigation and adaptation
measures.
1. Are the sentences true or false?
1) Climate change is a global challenge that requires coordinated work by all
countries.
Английский язык для студентов-бакалавров неязыковых специальностей…
96
2) Earth has never naturally warmed up and got colder during other eras.
3) The main cause of climate change is the greenhouse effect.
4) The greenhouse effect isn’t a natural process.
5) Without the greenhouse effect, the climate would be warmer.
6) Daily human activities reduce the greenhouse effect.
2. Find in the text words synonymous with the following:
1) lead to
2) increase
3) devastating
4) deluge (v)
5) results
6) reduce
7) sea (adj)
8) period
9) needed
3. Answer the questions.
1) What is caused by the greenhouse effect?
2) What is greenhouse effect?
3) What would Earth be like without the greenhouse effect?
4) What does the global temperature increase bring?
5) Why do small island states risk disappearing entirely?
6) What does heat cause?
7) What does the absorption of too much CO₂ bring about?
8) Can climate change be avoided?
97
ДЕМОНСТРАЦИОННЫЕ ВАРИАНТЫ ТЕСТОВ
ДЛЯ ПРОМЕЖУТОЧНОЙ АТТЕСТАЦИИ
Тест за первый семестр
Часть 1. Грамматика
I. Выберите правильную грамматическую форму в следующих
предложениях:
1. The Internet _____millions of computers and millions of people.
A. is connecting B. connects C. connect D. have connected
2. Within a few decades, the Internet _____ our civilization completely.
A. is changing B. changes C. change D. has changed
3. Jane _____ a shower at the moment so can you call back in about forty
minutes.
A. is taking B. takes C. took D. has taken
4. Many providers, such as Google Mail and Yahoo!, _____ free email accounts.
A. provide B. has provided C. provided D. is providing
5. A few decades ago people _____ limited ways of exchanging information with
each other.
A. have B. has had C. had D. are having
6. We _____ to our new manager when you called me yesterday.
A. have talked B. are talking C. were talking D. talked
7. People ______ to the cinema today.
A. are not often going B. does not often go C. did not often go D. do not
often go
8. It usually _____ quite often here in winter, but it _____ much last winter.
A. snows; didn’t snow B. snowed; doesn’t snow C. snowed; not snowed
D. snows; didn’t snowed
9. Dave usually goes to court to play tennis _____ Sunday morning.
A. - B. at C. on D. in
10. I have been doing yoga _____ January.
A. in B. for C. on D. since
II. Выберите правильный вопрос к предложению:
1. Mr. Brown wanted to leave early.
a) When Mr. Brown wanted to leave?
b) When did Mr. Brown wanted to leave?
c) When did Mr. Brown want to leave?
Английский язык для студентов-бакалавров неязыковых специальностей…
98
2. After work she always goes home.
a) Does she always go home after work?
b) Does she always goes home after work?
c) She always goes home after work?
3. My last exam will be on June, 25.
a) When will be my last exam?
b) When will my last exam be?
c) When my last exam will be?
4. There are five cell phones in our family now.
a) How many cell phones are in our family now?
b) How many cell phones are there in our family now?
c) How many are there cell phones in our family now?
5. Popcorn is my favourite food.
a) Why popcorn is my favourite food?
b) Why is popcorn my favourite food?
c) Why was popcorn my favourite food?
Часть 2. Лексика
I. Подберите русские эквиваленты к следующим английским словам:
1) facilitate
2) originally
3) fatigue
4) handwritten
5) conduit
a) усталость, утомление
b) канал, средство передачи, коммуникации
c) содействовать; способствовать
d) рукописный
e) первоначально, изначально
II. Соотнесите русские и английские фразы:
6) career opportunities
7) to stay connected
8) in real time
9) virtual worlds
10) share information
a) виртуальные миры
b) возможности карьерного развития
c) делиться информацией
d) оставаться на связи
e) в режиме реального времени
III. Из предложенной таблицы подберите слова-синонимы к
предложенным ниже словам:
collaborate alter increase connect receive
Демонстрационные варианты тестов для промежуточной аттестации
99
11) link
12) get
13) change
14) grow
15) cooperate
IV. Дополните текст словами, данными в таблице.
interact method virtual computer technology media simultaneously
application content advantage
Social media is computer-based (16) _____ that facilitates the sharing of
ideas, thoughts, and information through the building of (17) _____ networks
and communities. By design, social (18) _____ is internet-based and gives users
quick electronic communication of content. (19) _____ includes personal
information, documents, videos, and photos. Users engage with social media via
(20) _____, tablet or smartphone via web-based software or web (21) _____,
often utilizing it for messaging.
Social media originated as a way to (22) _____ with friends and family but
was later adopted by businesses which wanted to take (23) _____ of a popular
new communication (24) _____ to reach out to customers. The power of social
media is the ability to connect and share information with anyone on Earth, or
with many people (25) _____.
Часть 3. Понимание прочитанного
I. Прочитайте текст:
When mobile phones first appeared in the early 1990s, they were status
symbols for wealthy businesspeople. Phones were big and heavy, and the signal
was usually poor, so people often shouted when they used them. Over the next
ten years, technology improved and prices fell considerably. In many rich
countries the mobile phone became the teenager’s favourite toy. In just 20 years,
mobiles have changed the way people do business and socialize in rich countries.
But mobile technology is having a dramatic impact on life in the developing
world too.
In Africa, for example, arrival of inexpensive mobile phones in areas
where there are no landline telephones has already helped many people to start
small businesses. Before mobile phones, starting a business often meant renting a
shop or an office, which was expensive. If customers called when the owner can
Английский язык для студентов-бакалавров неязыковых специальностей…
100
write their mobile number on an advertisement, put it on a noticeboard and wait
for customers to call them. As a result, thousands of people can find a market for
their goods or services.
As mobile phones make business easier, they improve living conditions
for hundreds of thousands of people around the world. And as they spread,
becoming cheaper and more popular, it seems likely that they will change the
world in ways that we can’t imagine yet.
II. Выберите наиболее подходящий заголовок к тексту:
a) First years of mobile phones.
b) How mobile technology is improving life in developing countries.
c) How mobile phones are changing the world.
III. Выберите предложение, соответствующее содержанию текста:
a) Mobile phones are very expensive in Africa at the moment.
b) Mobile phones have helped many Africans start businesses.
c) It has always been cheap to rent shops and offices in Africa.
IV. Выберите предложение, не соответствующее содержанию текста:
a) Wealthy businesspeople used mobile phone to show how rich and successful
they were.
b) Although mobile phones make business easier, they do not do any good to our
living conditions.
c) Mobile technology has a great influence on life not only in rich countries but
also in the developing world.
V. Расположите предложения в последовательности, соответствующей
содержанию текста:
a) In the future mobiles will change the world in way we cannot even imagine
now.
b) Early mobile phones were big and heavy, and the connection was not very
good.
c) There are places in Africa where there are no landline telephones.
VI. Ответьте письменно на вопросы:
a) When did mobile phones first appear?
b) What happened to the price of mobiles over the next ten years?
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]