Международный экзамен по английскому языку. Стратегия и тактика письма

Ответы 131

Сфокусированная тема: Can I work only at night or only at daytime?

Вопрос к сфокусированной теме: Am I a person who can work round the clock?

Главный тезис: I think, I am equal parts — a person who works efficiently not only during the day, but also at night, because my productivity depends on such factors as job satisfaction, money motivation, workload, deadline and working conditions.

6.

Широкая тема: Some land to use.

Сужение темы: To use some land for pleasure or for profit?

Дальнейшее сужение темы: To combine profit and pleasure.

Сфокусированная тема: To build some kind of art gal lery or a dance club.

Вопрос к сфокусированной теме: How would I use my own land in order to combine profit and pleasure?

Главный тезис: If I received a site of land, I would like to build either an art gallery or a dance club in order to unite business and pleasure.

Задание 13.

1. Describe a time when you and your friend sharply disagreed about an important issue. What was the out come?

Введение (главный тезис): I had sharp disagreements with my best friend connected with our daily routine, and the outcome was the following: we refused to share our du ties and lost our friendship.

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Первая мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис: We have been friends since our childhood.

Вторая мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис: The disagreement was connected with our daily routine.

Третья мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис: We decided not to share our household chores any more. Our friendship came to an end.

Заключение: If something can destroy your friendship, your relationships were false and it was really better to split.

Задание 14.

2. It has been said: “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and cont rast knowledge from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more im portant?

Введение (главный тезис): I am sure, that knowledge gained from experience is more essential than knowledge gained from books, because I’ll remember my own ups and downs forever.

Первая мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис: Life experience is very useful to me.

Вторая мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис: My attitude to knowledge gained from books.

Третья мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис:

Advantages and disadvantages of both sources of knowl edge.

Заключение: I am sure, it is more important to rely on your personal experience than on knowledge gained from books. In books you get across some common knowledge and general experience which couldn’t be applied to your

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personality, while your own ups and downs will be always helpful for you.

Задание 15.

3. Compare yourself of today and yourself five years ago. In what ways are you the same or different?

Введение (главный тезис): In 5 years I’ve got experi ence in running business and become more sophisticated not only in doing business, but in making profitable con tacts as well.

Первая мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис:

5years ago I didn’t know how to start business.

Вторая мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис:

Problems, solutions, experience.

Третья мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис: To day I have become more sophisticated in life and mature in running business.

Заключение: In 5 years I have developed my commu nication and managerial skills, and now I can cope with any unpredictable situation in the sphere of small busi ness.

Задание 16.

4. In general, people are living longer now. How will this change affect society?

Введение (главный тезис): Longer life expect ancy will cause many problems in all spheres of social life, for instance, mass unemployment. Moreover, it will affect the whole structure of the society, that is eco nomic level, social structure, internal and external con tacts.

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Первая мысль, подтверждающая главный те зис: Positive and negative effects of longer life expect ancy.

Вторая мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис:

Some problems of overpopulated cities. Mass unemploy ment as a consequence.

Третья мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис: On the other hand, more working hands, scientific progress, new opportunities and possibilities.

Заключение: It is true that people live longer now, and this fact makes the society change in both positive and neg ative ways. The society should find the most reasonable so lutions to the negative effects.

Задание 17.

5. Choose a building that has a special meaning for you. Support your explanation with specific details.

Введение (главный тезис): The Hermitage has a spe cial meaning for me as it symbolizes not only the most beautiful city in the world, but also the place where I was born and where I live.

Первая мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис:

There are so many beautiful buildings in our city. Some of them are also the most significant.

Вторая мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис:

Places have special meanings for you if they are connected with something dear to your heart.

Третья мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис:

When I am asked where I live, I am always very proud to answer: “Not far from the Hermitage.”

Заключение: The Hermitage has a special meaning for me, because it is closely connected with my native city,

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my patriotic feelings and my idea of beauty and gran deur.

Задание 18.

6. Some people work more effectively during the day, while other people work much more effectively at night. Discuss which type of person you are. Give reasons and examples for your opinion.

Введение (главный тезис): I think, I am equal parts — a person who works efficiently not only during the day, but also at night, because my productivity depends on such factors as job satisfaction, money motivation, workload, deadline and working conditions. Moreover, I can work round the clock.

Первая мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис: If I am interested in my work, I am able to work efficiently during any part of the day.

Вторая мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис:

I can work at night if I don’t have enough time during the day.

Третья мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис:

Sometimes I am moody to do the work during the day and prefer to burn the midnight oil.

Заключение: I can work all day and all night without stopping. Therefore, I am able to work round the clock.

Задание 19.

7. Imagine that you have received some land to use as you wish. How would you use this land?

Введение (главный тезис): If I received a site of land, I would like to build either an art gallery or a dance club in order to unite business and pleasure.

136 Как написать успешное сочинение

Первая мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис:

To use some land for pleasure — to build a country house and live there.

Вторая мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис:

To use some land for business — to build a salmon farm or make money by renting.

Третья мысль, подтверждающая главный тезис: My dream is to combine business and pleasure.

Заключение: I look forward to building a wonderful youth club, and I will try to organize my business in such a way, that it will bring profit for me and entertainment for youngsters.

Задание 23.

1.(A)

2.(B)

3.(B)

4.(A)

5.(A)

Задание 25.

Murray Mailings Are Wasteful

Ever since Kate Murray has taken office, she has been a source of annoyance to me. She has managed to plant her name on every sign in Hempstead, in most cases using letters that are larger than anything else on the sign.

The other day we noticed a small park on Merrick Av enue. The park was donated by a family in memory of a relative. All letters on the sign were smaller than Mur ray’s name. Our mailbox is constantly filled with mail from her. It would seem that she, and she alone, is the sponsor of the events being touted.

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In actuality, she is only taking advantage of things al ready being done in Hempstead to get her name out in the public. We do not need fully coloured and very expensive brochures to announce an event. And certainly we do not need her portrait adorning each of these mailings. The woman is a publicity hound and the public must be made aware of this.

Задание 26.

Mini thesis: My dream is to combine business and plea sure.

If I received some land, I would organize Tai chi school, because it is my dream and I want my dream to become true. Tai chi is the Chinese school of fighting which pro claims its own laws and philosophy. More than that, Tai chi graceful movements create a beautiful dancing, and you can’t help enjoying the breathtaking performance (конкретный пример).

I’ve invested money into fashionable business — Tai chi school — and got profit. Although some people say that such kind of sport is too violent, I believe that they are not aware of the peculiarities of the Chinese culture. In Tai chi you would find no violence or cruelty. Tai chi inspires your body only for honest fighting — no useless or aimless movement. That’s the fact. Furthermore, while doing Tai chi — this “incredible dance of blade,” — you gain a feeling of inner comfort and self confidence (факт, основанный на опыте).

Задание 28.

1. Have you ever had any serious disagreements be tween your friend and yourself? Misunderstanding can

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cause problems and even break your friendship. There fore, I can’t agree with the proverb: “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” It doesn’t reflect a true friendship. Not only in need may you lose your friend, but also in a very common situation like ours. Once I had a dis agreement with my best friend discussing where to spend our holidays. In the end we couldn’t avoid a severe con flict and parted. I wonder if our friendship was true?

(Describe a time when you and your friend sharply dis agreed about an important issue. What was the out come?)

2.Every day we can observe people arguing in the streets and other public places; either small talks, quar rels about nothing serious or sharp contradictions about important issues. Several days ago I “plunged” into a sil ly disagreement with my friend on our way to the coun try house where we were going to have a holiday party…

(Describe a time when you and your friend sharply dis agreed about an important issue. What was the out come?)

3.When we start to study at the university we often hear the following words: “Students! Try to read as many books as possible. It will help you in future. Don’t waste time on finding out some job, you will do it afterwards.” On the other hand, while applying for a job, you are always required to have some experience. Thus it is not definitely clear what to do during your study at high school: either to read a lot of books or work getting experience. (It has been said: “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and con trast knowledge from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more im portant?)

Ответы 139

4.“Knowledge is power,” said Francis Bacon, an En glish philosopher. I think, he mentioned knowledge gained from books. There is no doubt, knowledge gained from books is as important as knowledge gained from experi ence. Would you use the first source of knowledge or the second one — it depends only on you. As for me, despite all ups and downs of life I value my life experience: it makes me more sophisticated and mature. I believe that “there is no gain without pain.” (It has been said: “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Com pare and contrast knowledge from experience with knowl edge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important?)

5.“Everything is moving, everything is changing,” said a Greek philosopher. It isn’t a secret, that he was right. Life proves that. Nature is changing, people are changing, and of course, you are changing. As for me, I have changed physically and mentally since my child hood. What has changed in my appearance, my inner world, my attitude to life? It’s a very tough question. Nevertheless, I’ll try to answer it. (Compare yourself of today and yourself five years ago. In what ways are you the same or different?)

Задание 30.

1. In the end I realized that it was very unpleasant to sharply disagree with my friend and tried to find a rea sonable way out in such a troublesome situation. There fore, now we look forward to getting a compromise in order to avoid any conflict. Even though we do have some disagreements, we both agree with the folk proverb: “Don’t trouble trouble, and no trouble troubles you.” (Describe a time when you and your friend sharply dis

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agreed about an important issue. What was the out come?)

2.I think both sources of knowledge — gained from books and received from life experience — are important and helpful, because only combined knowledge helps us to survive in our cruel world. Moreover, not only will the information taken from books, but also the awareness of life, give you a competitive advantage in the society you have to live and work in. (It has been said: “Not every thing that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important?)

3.In conclusion, I would like to give you a piece of advice: if you have got some land to use, don’t be afraid to use it as your heart murmurs. You know that “fortune favours the brave”! (Imagine that you have re ceived some land to use as you wish. How would you use this land?)

4.In my opinion, there are lots of ways to use a land you have already received. The main idea is that the plot you’ve got is your ownership. It is your property. It is YOURS! You may sell the plot and invest your money in business getting some profit. On the other hand, if you “have a bee in a bonnet,” you have a chance to build, for example, a salmon farm to prosper. Anyway, it’s up to you to decide how to use some land you’ve got. Make your choice and go ahead! (Imagine that you have received some land to use as you wish. How would you use this land?)

5.Finally, I should say that I work better during the day as I prefer to wake up early in the morning and go

to bed before midnight. Nevertheless, if it is necessary, I am able to work round the clock. (Some people work