Management in veterinary medicine. Workshop

The act (estimated)

A Commission composed of senior veterinary General practitioner

________________district veterinary station_______________

region, head. interregional veterinary laboratory_____________, chief veterinary officer agriculture ______________________. chief zootechnician__________________________, etheldreda

_______________________conducted clinical examination of cattle for the purpose of assessing the General condition of the herd of pimperne.

Subjected to a medical examination 650 cows and 70 heifers. The study of blood, urine and milk 75 cows and heifers.

In a clinical study on animals found: average fatness and increased average, 17 cows - the violation of the functional activity of the cardiovascular system, 5 cows - resorption of the last caudal vertebrae, the weakness of the last couple of ribs. For biochemical analysis of blood samples found a decrease in the content of carotene in 7 cows and 5 heifers. Other blood values are within normal limits. The indicators of urine and milk abnormalities was not.

Suggestions. 1. All cows and heifers with the presence of heart failure symptoms, decrease in serum carotene and other disabilities as a separate group, to be subjected again to the full investigation and appropriate treatment. 2. To enter into the diet of all animals biologically complete feed, feed additives (premixes), enriched with carotene and mineral substances.

Signature:

Measures against contagious animal diseases. A set of measures for the prevention and treatment of noncontagious illnesses of animals includes: the registration of cases of noncontagious illnesses of animals; identifying the reasons of mass disease and death of animals; isolation and treatment of sick animals; prevention of injuries; changes in diet; removal of deficiencies in animal welfare (climate, exercise, etc.); landscaping around livestock farms; large quantities-explana- tory work. Listed a set of activities with a separate non-com- municable diseases shall be in accordance with existing guid-

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ance and recommendations, taking into account the modern level of scientific achievements in this field.

Registration of cases of noncontagious illnesses of animals. When mass non-communicable diseases timely registration of cases is of particular importance and can improve the efficiency of preventive and curative measures. The establishment of the first cases of the disease is particularly important in diseases associated with metabolic disorders, poisoning, diseases of young farm animals.

In order to establish preclinical forms of metabolic mass laboratory and clinical studies of various production groups of animals. Veterinarians serving the livestock hozjajstva shall systematically monitor the level of metabolic processes and productivity of animals, having in mind that the reduction in milk yield in cows, live weight of young cattle, pigs and sheep is essentially the first sign of the beginning of the pathological process. It is important to exclude infectious and parasitic diseases through special studies.

All cases of non-communicable diseases are recorded in the register of sick animals on the farm or in the establishment of the state veterinary (network).

Identifying the reasons of mass disease and death. Veterinary specialists, establish the diagnosis, start the identification of the reasons of mass disease and death of animals for the purpose of eliminating the impact of negative factors on the rest of the livestock. Analysis of the causes of animal disease outbreaks is reduced to a more detailed study of the conditions of feeding and maintenance, value of diets, the quality of feed and water, the state of metabolism in animals. As with routine clinical examination, pay attention to the condition of the organs and systems, a disorder which causes the clinical manifestations of the disease. In addition, examine the feed, which consisted of the diet before and during the period of animal diseases.

Allocation of sick animals. For many non-communica-

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ble diseases to address the causes of or contributing to the disease, it is necessary to isolate sick animals in a separate group and keep them in the hospital or in a separate box at the farm, being the first step in providing them with appropriate hygienic conditions. Allocation of sick animals is carried out by clinical signs, results of biochemical studies of blood samples, urine, milk.

Dedicated sick animals can be grouped according to age, sex, diagnosis, allow the use of group therapy and prevention. Sanitary machines, insulators (boxes) health-care facilities caring for animals is a separate maintenance staff have created the best conditions, dietary feeding of animals. The wait staff is systematically instructed in the care and maintenance of each group of infected animals based on their General condition and diagnosis of the disease. The transfer of recovered animals in herds, flocks, farms, complexes is carried out after full recovery of their physiological state. When the irreversible processes of animals sent to the shop fattening or put up for slaughter.

Principles of treatment of sick animals. The practice has confirmed the feasibility of the qualified treatment of sick animals. Generally, the methods of treatment is determined by a veterinarian medical institutions or economy. In many farms, stations to combat animal diseases veterinary doctors specialize in particular branches of medical work. Curative care for sick animals, provide veterinary internists, surgeons and midwives medical institutions, and also experts of the economy.

Under unfavorable prognosis of the disease and the lack of effectiveness of treatment of patients with compulsory slaughter of animals is possible, in which veterinary specialists supervise the compliance with the relevant rules before and after slaughter.

The veterinary organization of medical work. Experience veterinary services suggests that qualified treatment of sick animals, as a rule, is a necessary condition for better conser-

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vation of livestock. In productive livestock it is justified and economically (except for the cases when the forecast is clearly unfavorable, and the treatment is futile).

In the organization of clinical work veterinary specialists of state veterinary institutions and network of farms achieved high qualitative and quantitative indicators. Significantly increased therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of animals of different species. In many areas of veterinary workers ensure recovery 90-99 % of affected animals admitted for treatment in hospitals, veterinary stations and other institutions, and treated directly in the farms.

Medical work in the veterinary field, like medicine, requires certain conditions. Veterinary authorities are constantly taking steps to improve the use of science, and new methods and techniques, to expand the Arsenal of drugs and therapeutic techniques. Improve and organizational forms of this case.

Types of therapeutic work. Successful medical work in livestock depends on timely and correct diagnosis, a qualified veterinary specialist.

The main objective of the veterinary surgeon or nurse in the treatment of patients with contagious and non-contagious animal diseases - save, restore their health, productivity and performance. Depending on the severity of the disease distinguish emergency medical assistance, biscuits sick animals, requiring immediate assistance and treatment in a planned manner.

Urgent (emergency) care is provided in acute bleeding, irregular childbirth, prolapse of the uterus, abdominal injuries, acute timpani scar, occlusion of the esophagus and colic. For emergency veterinary care specialists immediately sent to the scene (on pasture, animal farms, farms of citizens, etc.). It has the necessary vehicle.

Treatment of sick animals, requiring immediate assistance, carry out on the spot, outpatient and inpatient. In the cattle yards, on pasture, in the span, transportation - minimum

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capabilities necessary for separation and fixation of animals while providing them medical care.

Outpatient treatment of the animal associated with delivery in health institution of the state veterinary network, or the veterinary station management and return him to the farm, to the farm after each treatment. This form of treatment work possible in cases where the health of the sick animals not impede their movement. The best indicators of treatment patients receive in a hospital, prison, medical-sanitary point that gives you the opportunity to arrange favorable conditions of feeding and maintenance of animals, rational treatment with the use of sophisticated instruments, surgical operations or other methods of therapy. Inpatient treatment is necessary to restrict the movement of animals and to continually monitor the course of disease and effectiveness of drugs and treatments.

Medical work in the farms. Medical work in the farms veterinary organize farm experts, institutions of the state veterinary network. Veterinarians farms provide medical assistance to sick animals often directly on the farm, at least on an outpatient basis. Inpatient treatment is practiced in respect of particularly valuable animals (high yielding cows, bulls, sires, etc.), need long-term treatment, of course, where the farm has a hospital.

Medical work on animal farms. Forms of organization of medical work on the complexes depend on the type and production areas of the complex. On the production of milk, which is usually a relatively frequent mastitis in cows, gynecological disease, trauma, extremities, disorders of metabolism, treatment of animals organized in full. The capacity of the hospital is in the veterinary unit, it is planning from the calculation of 2.5-3% of all cows.

At pig breeding complexes depending on the number of sick animals treatment can be arranged in the sanitary machines, and in cases of mass sickness at the place of their

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detention. In specialized sheep farms provide inpatient treatment in a special medical-sanitary points (medical-sanitary point). In medical-sanitary point, as indicated above, collect weak, malnourished and sick sheep from all flocks and farms on the results of the inspection or survey carried out a few times a month. Veterinary specialists medical-sanitary point is repeated careful clinical study enrolled sheep, establish a diagnosis, to group depending on the diagnosis and course of disease. Sick animals prescribed diet feeding and the appropriate treatment.

In livestock farms often conduct group therapy combined with individual treatment of animals. On poultry farms exercise only group therapy by giving appropriate medication with food or water or by aerosol method.

Medical work in the institutions of the state veterinary network. At regional veterinary stations, in local veterinary hospitals and the sections are outpatient and inpatient treatment of sick animals. In these institutions usually have a well-equipped halls for the reception of sick animals and providing them with medical assistance. In the arena installed a fixation machines, tables for instruments, supplies, pharmacy, they provided hot water and sewer. In a well-equipped medical institutions (in major cities) organized radiology and physiotherapy units. The medical institution is equipped with instruments and medicines in accordance with rules approved by the Ministry of agriculture. Many of these institutions have model hospitals for large and small animals.

At regional veterinary stations and in urban hospitals medical work is carried out in full: complicated surgical operations, therapeutic and obstetrical and gynecological care, etc.

The medical documentation. In households and in institutions of the state veterinary networks, “Journal for registration of sick animals” and the patients “Medical History”.

In the journal write down all cases of providing medical care to sick animals, history is filled for each animal taken for

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hospital treatment. The case history and veterinary professionals have the opportunity to track the impact of medical treatments on the course of recovery animals. The form of this documentation is given in “Instructions for veterinary accounting and veterinary reporting”.

Questions and tasks for self-examination

1.What is the general preventive measures in animal husbandry?

2.How organized clinical examination and clinical examination of animals?

3.What is the performance of veterinary-sanitary and hygienic regulations in animal husbandry?

4.Tell us about the features of the organization of clinical work in various livestock farms (dairy, pig, sheep, poultry farms, farms, etc.)?

5.What is the sequence of carrying out of diagnostics of diseases?

TOPIC 8. THE PROCEDURE OF PREPARATION

OF DOCUMENTS

The aim of the lesson: introduction to design and maintain administrative and special business documents veterinary organizations and institutions.

Materials: the law “On veterinary medicine” of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, 2002; D. Khusainov., N. Akhmetsadykov, G. Shabdarbaeva, O. Berkinbay, A. Mutaliev, H. Abeuov, G. Batanova, M. Berdykulov, S. Abrahmanov. Management in veterinary medicine and veterinary affairs organization / Tutorial: - Almaty: Nur-Print, 2014. – 572 p.

In the conditions of market economy the primary veterinary records does not lose its relevance. Accounting reflects, like a mirror, the level and quality of veterinary activity. Accounting, as a system of registration of the facts of morbidity

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and mortality of animals, all kinds of infectious, parasitic and noninfectious diseases, performance of veterinary specialists, serves as the basis for an objective assessment of the level and quality of veterinary services. It is the starting material for decision making veterinary technician and develop plans for prevention and Wellness activities to improve their effectiveness.

Veterinary records are maintained from the grass-roots links: private veterinarian and the state inspector of rural districts up to the national veterinary authority. Veterinary report is organized on a single, unified system that provides efficient control over the implementation of routine veterinary measures, allows to solve effectively the main tasks of the state and private veterinary services for the prevention and elimination of contagious and non-contagious animal diseases, protection of people from diseases common to humans and animals.

Registration of diseases and deaths of animals, as well as diagnostic studies, preventive, therapeutic, veterinary and sanitary measures, veterinary-sanitary inspection, vet- erinary-sanitary examination, laboratory investigations conducted by officials of the public service and private veterinary professionals are in magazines standardized format established by the Committee of veterinary control and supervision of the Ministry of agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Veterinary accounting is conducted in the following areas of veterinary activity: special works (services) performed by veterinary experts in economic entities (farming, agricultural cooperatives, JSC, etc.), rail, river, air, road transport, entities engaged in the procurement, storage, processing products and raw materials of animal origin; veterinary-sanitary condition of farms economic entities related to animals, products and raw materials of animal origin; the identification of animal diseases (infectious, invasive and non-contagious), sick and dead animals, points where registered infectious diseases of livestock and poultry, animals subjected to vaccination, treatment, etc.; treatment of sick animals; veterinary inspec-

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tion and veterinary-sanitary examination of meat, milk and other food products, leather and fur raw materials, fur and other raw materials in the subjects, their processing, laboratories of veterinary-sanitary examination and other subjects of veterinary science; bacteriological, serological, virological and other studies of pathological material, blood, meat, milk, animal feed and other biological objects in the district, zonal, inter-district, regional and Central laboratories; veter- inary-sanitary inspection of animals, products and raw materials of animal origin rail, air, water transport, export and import operations.

Veterinary accounting is performed in accordance with the Instruction for veterinary accounting and reporting adopted by the Committee of veterinary control and supervision of the Ministry of agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Journal entries were required to keep directly in the process of performing the work or directly after graduation. All journals must be bound and numbered. On the title page indicated by the journal title, date of beginning and completion of records. Accounting journals in veterinary medicine shall be kept for three years since the end of records, with the exception of journal entries epizootic condition of the region (city), which is kept on file. Usually at the end of each log on a separate sheet make sollicitation record, which indicate the number of numbered sheets. This record shall be signed by the head of state and under-quilted veterinary institutions and the press.

Questions and tasks for self-examination

1.List the case of productive work in veterinary institutions.

2.What is the procedure for registration of veterinary certificates?

3.Try to issue a veterinary certificate for sale 50 head of cattle to the slaughterhouse. Cattle tested for tuberculosis on 15 January 2015, at a brucellosis – 12 January 2015, the result in both cases is negative.

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TOPIC 9. THE ORDER OF LIQUIDATION

OF INFECTIOUSANIMALDISEASES,

ORGANIZATION OFWORK ON THE

ELIMINATION OF DISEASE IN EPIZOOTIC

FOCIAND BAD POINTS

The aim of the lesson: check the elimination of infectious animal diseases, the organization of work for the elimination of disease in epizootic foci and unfavorable points.

Materials: the law “On veterinary medicine” of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, 2002; D. Khusainov., N. Akhmetsadykov, G. Shabdarbaeva, O. Berkinbay, A. Mutaliev, H. Abeuov, G. Batanova, M. Berdykulov, S. Abrahmanov. Management in veterinary medicine and veterinary affairs organization / Tutorial: - Almaty: Nur-Print, 2014. – 572 p.

In disadvantaged areas by highly contagious disease farms and towns organize and carry out activities with a forced, operational nature. For example, the calendar plan of liquidation of outbreaks of acute infection (FMD) develop immediately after diagnosis. Its main purpose is to prevent the spread of the disease and in a very short time to eliminate it, to improve the herd, farm or countryside. Activities aimed at eliminating astroparticule infection should cover both the whole farm, the whole town, the whole dysfunctional countryside.

Organization of measures for the elimination of contagious disease is the same in almost all infections, characterized by sharp throughout. However, each disease may be some peculiarities depending on the nature of the pathogen, animal species and other conditions. In diseases common to animals and humans (zooanthroponosis), particular attention is paid to sanitary measures aimed at the prevention of human infection. The appearance of the disease a veterinary specialist immediately reported to the health care institution serving disadvantaged locality, or district sanitary-epidemiological station. Together with the health care plan measures related to personal prevention of farm workers and pet owners. If necessary, arrange vaccination of staff and other persons who are at risk of the disease (e.g., anthrax, rabies, etc.).

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