Management in veterinary medicine. Workshop
.pdfThe soil (the place) where the corpse or other biological wastes, disinfected dry bleach at the rate of 5 kg/m2 then it is dug to a depth of 25 cm.
Vehicles, inventory, tools, equipment disinfected after each case of delivery of biological wastes for disposal, decontamination or destruction.
For disinfection use one of the following chemicals: 4 % hot solution of sodium hydroxide, 3 % solution of formaldehyde, solution preparations containing not less than 3 % of active chlorine, at a rate of liquid flow of 0.5 l per 1 m2 area or other depositsto specified in the applicable rules for carrying out veterinary disinfecting livestock facilities.
Clothing may be disinfected by soaking in 2 % formaldehyde for 2 hours.
Biological wastes, were approved by the veterinary service of processing for fodder, veterinary and sanitary factories, workshops technical manufactures meat processing plants, recycling plants livestock farms subjected to sorting and grinding.
Fresh corpses are allowed to eat the skins, which are disinfected in the manner and means under the current rules.
Utilization of shop livestock farms recycle biological waste obtained only in this sector. The importation of biological waste from other farms and organizations is strictly prohibited.
Biological wastes are treated in meat and bone, bone, meat, feather meal and other protein feed additives, based on the following technological operations and modes: warm up the shredded waste in a vacuum boilers up to 1300C, proper sterilization at 1300C for 30 - 60 minutes, and drying the boiled mass under vacuum at a pressure of 0.05 - 0.06 MPa at a temperature of 70 - 800C for 3 to 5 hours.
During the processing of carcasses of birds, biological waste derived from animals suffering from encephalopathy, scrapie, adenomatosis, visna-maedi and waste, shredded mass
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exceeding 3 kg, sterilization in vacuum boilers is carried out at a temperature of 1300C for 60 min, in all other cases - at 1300C for 30 min.
Biological wastes, were approved by the veterinary specialist for processing, after thorough grinding can be cooked in open or closed boilers within 2 hours from the moment of boiling water.
Received cooked food use only within the farm within 12 hours from the date of manufacture for feeding pigs or poultry in the form of supplements to the basic diet.
Disposal of the dead animals in an earthen pit permitted in exceptional cases. At the selected location, dig a trench depth of at least 2 m. The length and width of the trench depends on the number of dead animals. The bottom of the pit is filled with dry bleach or other chlorine-containing disinfectant with active chlorine content of at least 25 %, at the rate of 2 kg per 1 m2 area. Directly in the trench, before burial, dead animals reveal the abdominal cavity, to prevent inadvertent opening of the grave due to accumulated gases, and then the corpses sprinkle the same disinfectant. Trench fall asleep excavated earth. Over the grave mound fill height not less than 1 m, and its wall. Further burials in this place are not carried out.
The corpses of laboratory animals, infected with the diagnostic study of pathological material is utilized depending on the results of the study. In the allocation of pathogens, the corpses of laboratory animals burned or disinfected by autoclaving at 2.0 atmosphere for 2 hours, followed by discharge of decontaminated residues in biothermal pit. In case of allocation of pathogens and other diseases with negative results research the carcasses are processed to veterinary-sanitary plants, dumped into the biothermal pit or burn. The corpses of animals experimentally infected with pathogens, and other pathogens, when working with cultures of pathogenic microorganisms and subsequently fallen or slain, burned, sterilized by autoclaving at 1.5 atmosphere for 2 hours, followed by
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discharge of decontaminated residues in biothermal pit. The corpses of fallen or slain laboratory animals experimentally infected with pathogens of other groups of microorganisms, burned, thrown in biothermal pit or processed for meat and bone meal.
Incineration of biological waste is carried out under the supervision of the veterinary surgeon, in special furnaces or earthen trenches (pits) to form non-combustible inorganic residue.
Methods of excavation trenches (pits) for burning corpses. Dig two trenches located crosswise, length 2.6 m, width 0.6 m and a depth of 0.5 m. At the bottom of the trench put a layer of straw, then wood to the top edge of the pit. Instead of wood you can use rubber scrap or other solid combustible materials. In the middle, at the junction of trenches (yoke) impose the crossbar from raw timbers or metal beams and on them was placed the corpse of an animal. On the sides and top of the corpse draped with wood and covered with sheet metal. The firewood in the pit, doused with kerosene or some other flammable liquid and set on fire. Dig a hole (trench) size 2.5 x 1.5 m and a depth of 0.7 m, and the excavated earth is placed parallel to the longitudinal edges of the pit in the form of a ridge.
Apit filled with dry firewood stacked in the cell, to the upper edge of the pit and down over him. On the earthen mound put three or four metal beams or raw logs, which then placed the corpse. Then set fire to the wood. Dig a hole the size of 2.0 x
2.0 m and a depth of 0.75 m, the bottom of her second rip a hole the size of 2.0 x 1.0 m and a depth of 0.75 m. the bottom hole put a layer of straw, and it is filled with dry firewood. Firewood pour kerosene or any other flammable liquid. On both ends of the pit, between the pile of wood and earthen wall, leave a blank space size 15 - 20 cm for the best draught of air. Lower a hole close by the rails of raw logs, on which is placed the body of the animal. On the sides and top of the corpse draped wood, then a layer of peat (dung) and fire the wood in the lower pit.
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Trenches (pits) of these sizes are designed for burning corpses of large animals. The burning of the corpses of small animals dimensions correspondingly reduced.
Ash and other unburned inorganic residues buried in the same pit, where he held the burning.
The selection and allotment of land for construction of burial grounds or freestanding biothermal pits hold the organs of local administration in representing the organization of the state veterinary service, agreed with the local center for sanitary and epidemiological supervision.
The placement of burial sites (biothermal pits) in water conservation, forest and protected areas is strictly prohibited.
Burial sites (biothermal pits) are placed on a dry high land area of not less than 600 m2. The groundwater levels should be at least 2 m from the ground surface. The size of the sanitary protection zone of burial (biothermal pit) to: residential, public buildings, livestock farms (complexes) - 1000 m; the cattle tracks and pastures - 200 m; roads, Railways, depending on their category - 50 - 300 m.
Biothermal pits, located on the territory of the state veterinary organizations, are part of the auxiliary facilities. The distance between the pit and industrial buildings veterinary organizations located in this territory, is not regulated.
The territory of the burial grounds (biothermal pit) wall impenetrable fence with a minimum height of 2 m from the entrance gate. The inner side of a fence around the perimeter dig a trench with a depth of 0.8 - 1.4 m and a minimum width of 1.5 m from the device shaft from the excavated soil. Using a trench, throw the bridge. During the construction of biothermal pit in the center of the site, dig a hole size of 3.0 x 3.0 m and a depth of 10 m. the Walls of the pit lay out of red brick, or other waterproof material and remove above ground level at 40 cm with the device of pavement. At the bottom of the hole put a layer of gravel and poured concrete. The walls of the pit plaster concrete mortar. Overlapping pits do dual layer.
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Between the layers provide insulation. In the centre of the ceiling leaving a hole the size of 30 x 30 cm, densely closed by a cover. From the pit derive an exhaust pipe diameter of 25 cm and a height of 3 m. Above the pit at a height of 2.5 m to build a shed with a length of 6 m, width 3 m. parked. Near the room for dissection of dead animals, storage of disinfectants, equipment, workwear and tools. The acceptance of the completed burial grounds (biothermal pit) is carried out with obligatory participation of representatives of the state veterinary and sanitary supervision by the act of acceptance. The burial grounds (biothermal pit) should have convenient access roads. Before entry into its territory arrange a hitching post for animals, which was used for the delivery of biological waste.
Burial sites and biothermal pits belonging to organizations which are operated at their expense. The gates of the burial grounds and cover biothermal pits lock the locks, the keys of which are kept by the designated persons or veterinary specialist economy (offices) on the territory of which the object resides. Biological wastes before discharge in biothermal pit for disinfection subjected to veterinary inspection. Thus is verified the compliance of each material (in the tags) with the accompanying documents. If necessary, conduct post-mortem autopsy. After each discharge of biological waste pit cover is tightly closed. During the decomposition of biological substrate under the action of thermophilic bacteria creates an ambient temperature of about 65 - 700C, which ensures the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms. Reuse biothermal pits after 2 years since the last reset of biological waste and the exclusion of anthrax in samples gulirovanie materials selected throughout the depth of the pit at intervals of 0.25 m. Gulirovanie burying the rest in the territory of wandering in the earth. After cleaning the pit to check the safety of the walls and bottom, and if necessary, they are repaired. On-site burial grounds (biothermal pits) it is prohibited: to herd cattle, cut
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the grass; to take, to make, to take out the earth and gulirovanie the rest beyond. Deposited mounds of old graves on the burial sites are subject to mandatory rehabilitation. The height of the mound should be at least 0.5 m above the ground. In exceptional cases with the permission of the Chief state veterinary inspector of the Republic, goes using the territory of the burial grounds for industrial construction, if burial: in biothermal pit it took at least 2 years; in the earthen pit is at least 25 years.
Industrial property should not be linked with the reception, the production and processing of food and feed.
Construction work may be performed only after disinfection, on-site burial with methyl bromide or other medication in accordance with applicable rules and subsequent negative laboratory analysis of soil samples and gulirovanie balance of anthrax.
In the case of flooding of burial grounds in the construction of hydraulic works or flood waters its territoryAtanasova a trench depth of at least 2 m. The excavated earth is placed on the territory of the burial grounds and together with burial mounds leveled and rolled down. The trench and the area of the burial grounds concreted. The thickness of concrete above the ground shall be not less than 0.4 m. the Responsibility for the device, sanitary condition and equipment of the burial grounds (biothermal pit) is the responsibility of the local administration, heads of the organizations in charge of these objects.
Monitoring the implementation of these Rules is vested in the state veterinary supervision. Specialists of the state veterinary service regularly, at least twice a year (spring and fall), check out veterinary-sanitary condition of the burial sites (biothermal pits). If violations give the injunction to address them or prohibit operation of the facility. All newly opened active and closed burial sites and freestanding biothermal pits come from the chief state veterinary inspector of the district (town) registration.
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Questions and tasks for self-examination
1. What is the order of the state veterinary-sanitary supervision during harvesting and disposal of corpses?
TOPIC 22. ORGANIZATION OFVETERI- NARY-SANITARY SUPERVISION DURING CONSTRUCTION OF LIVESTOCK FACILITIES
The aim of the lesson: introduction to veterinary and sanitary supervision during construction of livestock facilities.
Materials: the law “On veterinary medicine” of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, 2002; D. Khusainov., N. Akhmetsadykov, G. Shabdarbaeva, O. Berkinbay, A. Mutaliev, H. Abeuov, G. Batanova, M. Berdykulov, S. Abrahmanov. Management in veterinary medicine and veterinary affairs organization / Tutorial: - Almaty: Nur-Print, 2014. – 572 p.
The main state veterinary inspector of the Republic, oblast and their deputies, state veterinary and sanitary inspector of the district, the city must monitor the compliance with hygienic standards and veterinary-sanitary requirements for the design, construction and reconstruction of livestock buildings.
The construction of livestock farms and complexes begins with the development of proposals and preparation of customer specifications for the design. When developing the job should not impose any specific design decisions that can hamper the initiative of the creative thoughts of designers and distractthemfromthepossibilityoffindingoptimalsolutions.
On the other hand, the customer (technologist breeder, veterinarian) must avoid hasty decisions of the designer, leaving unaddressed the main issue is to provide optimum habitat for animals.
State veterinary and sanitary inspector should have a fairly complete knowledge of the rules, regulations, requirements, determine the technological processes of production in terms of their implementation through technical solutions actively
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participate in the development of project proposals and design assignments. In processe design should delve into all the solutions developed to rate them in terms of the functioning of the economy, if necessary, to rectify and to cancel the planned construction and technical solutions.
In the project assignment, the customer specifies the following basic data: name of the company; the basis for the design; the district, and the construction site; production capacity; future plans for the development of livestock farming; technology content, the number, composition and productivity of the herd; sanitary-hygienic regimen, the projected feed rations, the veterinary system of protection, veterinary and sanitary rules and hygienic parameters. In the task list data source special conditions construction (seismicity, subsidence group of soils); nomenclature production and areas of consumption; the main sources of supply of the company during its operation and during the period of construction raw materials, water, heat, gas, electricity; the starting position for the development of measures to protect the natural environment, conditions for cleaning and the discharge of wastewater; the requirement to develop the restoration project (reclamation) of disturbed lands; neobhodimosti development of automation of production processes; the planned expansion of the enterprise; the sequence of commissioning of the facilities built; the required time of completion of the construction and installation works.
Job design discussed at the scientific-technical councils, areas, regions, Republic involving technologists-livestock and veterinary specialists. All requirements of technolo- gy-livestock and veterinary specialists, inherent in the job, should sootwetstwuet regulations and recommendations.
State veterinary and sanitary inspector to oversee the construction. He is to oversee the compliance of engineering standards and standard designs in the construction of these buildings, which must meet veterinary sanitary requirements.
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This surveillance should start at the stage select and allotment of land for construction of a farm (offices, shops) and continue until acceptance of the constructed buildings and facilities. Please take note of the fence farms (where it should), the construction of the veterinary and sanitary these shaft passers, disinfection barriers, sewage, machinery and other equipment for cleaning and disposal of manure and ventilation system, water supply.
Questions and tasks for self-examination
1. What is the order of the state veterinary-sanitary supervision during construction of livestock facilities?
TOPIC 23. FINANCING VETERINARY MEASURES, VETERINARY ORGANIZATION OF SUPPLY
The aim of the lesson: introduction to the order of financing of veterinary activities and the organization of veterinary supplies.
Materials: the law “On veterinary medicine” of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, 2002; D. Khusainov., N. Akhmetsadykov, G. Shabdarbaeva, O. Berkinbay, A. Mutaliev, H. Abeuov, G. Batanova, M. Berdykulov, S. Abrahmanov. Management in veterinary medicine and veterinary affairs organization / Tutorial: - Almaty: Nur-Print,
2014. – 572 p.
In the Republic of Kazakhstan Law “On veterinary medicine” indicates that the source of financing are the funds of
Republican and local budgets; revenues from legal entities and individuals for the performance of work under the contracts and the provision of paid services; other sources not prohibited by legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Allocated funds are spent on the maintenance of state veterinary authorities and institutions (facilities management, stationery and office expenses), salaries and travel expenses,
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purchase of medicines, instruments and other veterinary property, repair and construction of veterinary facilities, purchase of vehicles and special machines (DUK, VDM, LSD, etc.).
In addition to these costs, the state pays the costs of development of veterinary science and research, training and advanced training of veterinary specialists.
The use of funds of the Republican budget for the maintenance of the state veterinary service and the veterinary activities in the country is regulated by the law on budget of the Republic and other acts. At the expense of the Republican budget are funded anti-epizootic measures, directed on preventive maintenance and struggle against especially dangerous infectious animal diseases, according to the list approved by the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan. First of all, the cost of performing diagnostic studies, preventive and therapeutic treatment of animals against infectious and parasitic diseases (vaccination, deworming, etc.), disinfection, and other veterinary-sanitary measures in epizootic foci, maintenance of vehicles, used to combat epizootics.
On status quo, funding of state veterinary authorities, institutions and organizations are: under the Republican budget - the authority of the state management of veterinary science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Agency of the state management veterinary science in transportation and border and its subordinate institutions (videocasette, border inspection points, desipramine station, etc.), the Republican state veterinary institutions (Republican veterinary laboratory, national expedition to combat animal diseases, etc.), Research Veterinary institutions and Higher educational institution for training of veterinary doctors, the police Department of veterinary of the Ministry of Internal affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan; regional budget - the regional body of the state control of veterinary science, the regional state veterinary institutions (regional veterinary laboratory, the regional an- ti-epidemic team, regional expedition against brucellosis and
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