Management in veterinary medicine. Workshop

Continuation of table

V. preventive and Curative treatment

Bathing sheep against scabies

The treatment against piroplasmosis: horses cattle

sheep

Deworming against fascioliasis:

cattle sheep

Deworming against dictyocaulus: cattle

sheep

_________20__year.TheChiefveterinaryofficerofthedistrict___________

(signed)

Each plan preventive anti-epizootic measures, drawn up on the farm, and has text part in which present observationsa activities: sanitary day, repair, veterinary control of feeding and keeping of animals (in order to ensure a high natural resistance), etc.

Developed in the economy of the plan represent the district veterinary station, where his precise, correct and included in a common plan anti-epizootic measures. This plan is approved by the akimat.

Approved by the district akimat plan is mandatory for all categories of farms and settlements.

In the process of implementation of the plans can be amended and the changes associated with changes in the epidemiological situation of the farm, district, region.

Given the plan is the main form of planning anti-epizo- otic measures in the area, the indicators serve as a basis for the calculation of material support of the measures and their financing. There is often a need to drill or decryption of the main indicators of the plan and making amendments thereto,

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for example, when planning recreational activities on farms are affected by chronic infectious diseases (tuberculosis, brucellosis, etc.). In such cases, the chief veterinary officer of the district may make a more detailed tables, which mainly include the following sections: total number of animals (by species) to be investigated; the name and quantity affected areas subject to rehabilitation in the current year; the name and quantity of livestock premises (by animal species), subject to sanitary repair, their area (in m2) to be disinfected; plan monthly diagnostic studies of animals (separately for tuberculosis, brucellosis), etc.

Questions and tasks for self-examination

1.That includes a plan of activities for the prevention of infectious animal diseases?

2.Who is the plan of measures on prevention of infectious animal diseases?

3.How is the action plan for the prevention of infectious animal diseases?

TOPIC 7. ORGANIZATION OFVETERINARYSANITARY INSPECTION OF FARMS OF DIFFERENT OWNERSHIPFORMS

The aim of the lesson: introduction to veterinary and sanitary examination of farms of different ownership forms.

Materials: the law “On veterinary medicine” of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, 2002; D. Khusainov., N. Akhmetsadykov, G. Shabdarbaeva, O. Berkinbay, A. Mutaliev, H. Abeuov, G. Batanova, M. Berdykulov, S. Abrahmanov. Management in veterinary medicine and veterinary affairs organization / Tutorial: - Almaty: Nur-Print, 2014. – 572 p.

In the system of veterinary measures, dominated by a General preventive measures aimed at the prevention of contagious and non-contagious animal diseases. These measures

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include, along with economic and zootechnical measures (ensuring all livestock adequate and nutritionally balanced food supply and premises, the proper care of animals) compliance with hygiene and veterinary-sanitary norms and rules on farms, constant veterinary monitoring of herds with the use of clinical examinations and clinical examination of animals.

Along with the implementation of veterinary-sanitary rules are obligatory is monitoring the quality of coarse, juicy and concentrated feed and drinking water. To this end, the experts of farms - veterinary doctors and technicians are periodically sent to the appropriate veterinary or agrochemical laboratory samples of feeds to determine the content of nutrients, including vitamins and mineral salts, pesticides and toxic substances. In assessing the quality of silage and haylage in addition, determine the pH and the ratio of organic acids.

The recommendations of the veterinary and agrochemical laboratories are the basis for a ban on the feeding of contaminated feed. Doing so in the evaluation of purity of water for watering animals. The same study: the incidence of animals with the seasons of the year (for soil infections for 20-25 years); topographic and soil conditions of the area of livestock farms, pastures, watering places (to eliminate possible transmitters of infectious agents); the location of the old burial sites, their sanitary condition and other places of burial of dead animals; location of meat-processing plants, warehouses storing meat, raw materials, recycling plants and their sanitary condition.

Important special documents (magazines) accounting epizootic condition of the region (city), poultry farms and epizootic map of the area.

Along with this veterinarian should be aware of and data on the results of laboratory studies of blood and pathological material that accumulate in veterinary laboratory, regional veterinary stations, etc.

A veterinary inspection of farms, farms can wear on a reg-

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ular basis, but not eliminated, and unscheduled, forced survey. Their conduct veterinary specialists in order to control. Possible and commissions of the survey.

In the survey of livestock farms pay attention to the condition of the animal population by age and production groups, check its compliance with the accounting and zoo-keeping. If there is a difference in indicators identify the causes of discrepancy between the actual numbers of animals. Find out the availability of animal facilities, paying attention to their technical and sanitary condition, condition of ventilation and sewer systems, and to conform to the placement of livestock to the established norms. Important forage base, the availability of animal feed, drinking water, pastures, etc. In the evaluation of feed adapted to their quality, usefulness rations, mode of feeding and maintenance of animals.

Depending on the purpose of the survey study in detail the incidence of animals in the past and in the time of the survey, analyse the reports of veterinary specialists, directly serving the farm, checking the correctness of the performed treatment and prophylactic or curative measures.

All information collected in the study of animal health and epizootic livestock facilities, agriculture specialists take into account in their work. Employees of the state veterinary institutions at the end of each survey constitute an act in which mark all of the actual indicators of veterinary and epizootic situation on livestock farms and complexes, provide conclusion and recommendations for corrective action, improvement of conditions for the preservation of animals in the farms. In the presence of disease and deaths of animals in acts indicate their causes, propose measures of prevention and treatment, determine the timing and designate responsible persons.

This is an example of an act of veterinary-sanitary inspection of livestock farms.

All violations of veterinary-sanitary rules should be the subject of discussion at meetings of the boards of coopera-

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tives, production meetings at heads of farms with a view to the adoption of the necessary measures. The main veterinary inspector of the areas on the scan results of veterinary-sani- tary conditions of farms can introduce the akimat of the proposal hearing reports of heads of households about the steps they have taken.

ACT

The Village Of Abay Karasai district

“15” August 2014

The undersigned state veterinary inspector of the Karasai district

________ together with the head. Abay precinct veterinary hospital

__________ in the presence of the chief veterinarian ___________

14-15 August 2014 held veterinary-sanitary examination of pig farm “Abai”.

On August 15, 2014 at the farm had 7816 pigs, including sows 612, check - 408, boars-producers - 56, piglets - 1580, weaners - 2426, pigs - 824, pigs for fattening - 1910.

The fatness of animals of all ages meat, with the exception of one group of piglets weaned in the amount of 240 heads, among which more than 50% have nigeriano and skinny fatness.

Feeding pigs satisfactory. The diets of pigs of all ages basically meet the needs of the animals. In the room where the pigs-weaners, damp, no heat source is not functioning ventilation, clogged sewage system.

Among the pigs of this group illness and deaths registered 2.08 S. G. Sick: 2.08-16; 3.08-9; 4.08-5; 5.08-10; 7.08-6; 8.08-8; 9.08-5 piglets. Palo of the number of patients: 5.08-4; 6.08-3; 8.08-6; 9.08-4 head.

Patients piglets were observed coughing, wheezing, mucous outflow from the nasal cavities, increased body temperature by 0.5 to 1.5°C. When dissections of pigs, there was a General depletion, focal pneumonia, catarrhal inflammation of the bronchi. Treatment of sick animals with the use of penicillin, streptomycin was not sufficiently effective. Bacteriological examination of pathologic material in the regional veterinary laboratory of pathogenic microflora is not highlighted.

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When commision clinical examination of sick piglets installed: oppression of the General condition of the animals, lethargy, increased body temperature by 1-1. 5 °C, hyperemia of the mucous membranes of the eyes and nasal cavities, shortness of breath, cough, moist rales, copious Muco-purulent discharge of the nose. At the opening 4 of corpses marked: emaciation, pallor of the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose and mouth, focal bronchopneumonia and apical diaphragmatic lobes of the lungs.

Conclusion: excessive humidity (90 %), excessive concentration of ammonia and other harmful gases indoors, hypothermia contributed to the development of acute catarrhal pneumonia.

Suggestions. 1. To install furnace or electric air heater heating the room, to tidy ventilation and clean the sewer system (responsible head. farm ____________, the term 20.08.2014).

2.Corridors sprinkle with a mixture of sawdust and just-slaked lime.

3.Specialists precinct veterinary hospitals together with the vet sector to treat patients with catarrhal pneumonia of pigs (antibiotics and tissue biostimulants).

Destrade Riversdale to be held in August, two-time aerosol disinfection of the premises.

Chief zootechnician and the vet sector to organize dietary nutrition of piglets with the use of ABA (PABA), to strengthen control over the content of young pigs.

State veterinary inspector of the district signed Head of the precinct veterinary hospital signed Chief veterinarian of the farm signed

Clinical examination of the animals

Periodic clinical examination of the animals has diagnostic and prophylactic value, spend it veterinarians farms and state veterinary network. Distinguish between individual, group, General, scheduled and unscheduled inspections.

Individual examination involves the study of the General condition of each animal, group of animals, General condition of the herd. Depending on the purpose, areas of destination management and local conditions inspection of animals may be conducted twice a year, quarterly, one-two times a month. Sometimes it is necessary to inspect animals daily or several times during the day (in the presence of acute disease).

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In conventional farms planned universal examination of the animals arranged in the spring, before grazing on pasture, and in the autumn, before placing it on stabling. Cattle sent to seasonal pastures, inspect the front of the stage. Industrial complexes examination is performed two or more times a month.

Unscheduled clinical inspection of animals carried out in case of mass infectious and non-infectious diseases, as well as before the sale and slaughter.

Identified for group inspection of the animal abnormalities give reason to classify them as a separate group and expose thermometry, a thorough personal examination and investigation.

For better organization of inspection of animals veterinary doctor and engineer in advance notify the heads of the farms on the day of inspection, coordinate with them the procedure for conducting this work. Sometimes examination of the animals in the farms, combined with the appraisal or mass preventive treatment.

According to the results of our work consists of an inventory of animals examined and the act on the allocation to treatment or isolation of patients. In the first document record general data about the animals indicating the type, the individual number (nickname), age, and the second mark clarified pathology, preliminary diagnosis, treatment, feeding regime and conditions of detention.

An organized examination of the animals belonging to the population, carried out with the participation of rural (village) administration. If this event is held in the village and allows epizootic situation, the owners bring the cattle in the hospital (plot) or other location as directed by veterinary agencies and the governor’s office. Otherwise, professionals bypass the yards of citizens, and where visiting animals.

Clinical examination of farm animals. Clinical examination of animals provides a system for routine diagnostic, ther-

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apeutic and preventive measures aimed at timely detection of subclinical and clinical signs of disease, disease prevention and treatment, especially highly productive animals.

The purpose of the examination is to protect animal health and prevent the decline of their productivity, to create optimal conditions for expanded reproduction of breeding stock, resistant to adverse environmental factors.

Clinical examination of cattle include in the annual plan veterinary activities specialists serving the farms and breeding plants (stations), as well as institutions of the state veterinary network. In the conduct of its managers, the top veterinarians and chief technologists farms, if necessary, specialists of regional veterinary station.

The examination is conventionally divided into three stages: clinical, therapeutic and preventive.

The first phase involves a general examination of each animal (his general condition, mucous membranes, lymph nodes, skin, hair, bone structure, including the status of the last caudal vertebrae, ribs, hooves, udders, etc.; the study of systems - cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, nervous, movement and senses), more carefully - systems and organs having deviations from the norm; laboratory studies of blood, urine, milk, etc.

In breeding farms blood for biochemical studies, it is recommended to take from 30-40 %, urine and milk from 10-15 % of cows and polls from the bulls. The rest of the farms with highly productive livestock the study of blood, urine and milk is carried out in 5-15% of cows and heifers. Samples of blood and urine are sent to a veterinary laboratory for the study (the required indicators pointing in the accompanying document).

The results of the first phase of the clinical examination compared with data obtained from previous studies. For objective data from clinical and laboratory research animals are conventionally divided into three groups: I - healthy with no abnormalities; II - clinically healthy, but with abnormalities in the blood, urine and milk; III - obviously sick animals.

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The second stage of the clinical examination of all the sick animals subjected to repeated careful examination to confirm the diagnosis and assign the appropriate individual or group treatment.

The third phase of the clinical examination involves eliminating the causes of or contributing to the disease of animals.

The results of the clinical examination of animals are entered in the dispensary map. Maps are the basis for drawing up the act and give specific suggestions to the management of the economy.

Monitoring the implementation of recommendations are being implemented by managers and chief specialists (agronomists, technicians, veterinarian).

Below is the form of the relevant documents. Veterinary control of reproduction of the herd.

It is established that the reproduction of the herd animals must be under control of veterinary specialists of farms and the state veterinary institutions. Thus watch over the observance of veterinary-sanitary rules insemination of animals.

(Obverse)

DISPENSARY MAP ANIMAL

Nickname (inventory number)_____Year of birth_________

Paul____________ breed___________________

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(Verso)

LIST cattle____________ breed breeding farm

economy_________________

Veterinary specialists of farms are responsible for timely research manufacturers where they are available for brucellosis, tuberculosis, paratuberculosis, leptospirosis, trichomoniasis, vibrios and other infectious diseases. These studies are also mandatory at the stations for artificial insemination of animals.

Veterinarians farms are required to monitor the health status of breeding stock, to prevent insemination of infected animals, check out their pregnancy, to establish the reasons for a long period of infertility and barrenness, to expose the sick cow treatment, and for irreversible processes culled them to the slaughter.

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