IV. Learn the following words.

1. Compactor [kqm`pxktq] n – грунтоуплотняющая машина

2. Undisturbed [,Andi`stWbd] a – ненарушенный (грунт)

3. Water loss [`wOtq lOs] – потеря воды

4. Roller [`rPulq] n – каток

5. Rolling [`rPuliN] n – укатка

6. Tamper [`txmpq] n – трамбующий брус

7. Tamping roller [`txmpiN`rPulq] – трамбующий каток

8. Tamping [`txmpiN] n – трамбование

9. Percussion [pW`kASn] n – удар

10. Exert pressure [ig`zWt `preSq] – оказывать давление

11. Sheep-foot roller y[`Sjpfut`rPulq] – кулачковый каток

12. Cohesive [kPu`hJsiv] a – связный (грунт)

13. Consequently [`kqnsikwqntli] adv – поэтому, следовательно

14. Tubular [`tjHbjulq] n – трубчатый

15. Explosion-acting machines [iks`plPuZn] – машины взрывного действия

16. Box [bOks] n - кузов

17. Gain [gein] v – приобретать

18. Equally [`Jkwqli] adv – одинаково, равно

19. Quality [`kwOliti] n – качество

20. Uniform [`jHnifLm] a – одинаковый

21. As yet [qz`jet] – еще

22. Improve [im`prHv] v – улучшать

V. Find the equivalents to the following Russian terms.

1. Разрыхленный грунт a) cohesionless soil

2. Ненарушенный грунт b) percussion principle

3. Дно и откосы выемок c) loose soil

4. Ударный принцип d) bottom and slopes of cuts

5. Кулачковые катки e) undisturbed soil

6. Несвязный грунт f) sheep-foot roller

VI. Translate into Russian paying attention to the Participle, the Gerund, the Infinitive, the Complex Subject, the Complex Object.

1. Compactors are employed when building roads.

2. Rollers are considered to be the most widespread and simplest machines used for soil compacting.

3. We know compactors to be used for compacting soil.

4. Medium graders are used to lay earth beds at small elevations and for repair jobs

5. Towed graders are known to be much less manoeuvrable than self-powered machines.

6. It is interesting to note that in an elevating grader the two functions of cutting and transporting the load are quite separate.

7. The thickness of the slice being cut may be decreased or increased.

8. The pulling force of a tractor can be used much better by making two or three scrapers into a train with a centralized control.

9. Forced discharge of scrapers proved to be the most reliable, although it involves a greater consumption of power.

10. In hydraulic bulldozers the blade is operated by hydraulic cylinders supplied with working fluid by a pump under pressure.

VII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Absolute Participle Construction.

Помните, что абсолютный причастный оборот состоит из подлежащего и причастия. Может стоять в начале или в конце предложения. На письме всегда отделяется запятой. Если стоит в начале предложения, то переводится с союзами «когда, если, так как, поскольку». Если стоит в конце предложения, то переводится с союзами «причем, при этом, а».

Например: 1.The surface being rough, the friction is greater.

Когда поверхность неровная, трение больше.

2. The roller is composed of several sections, each moving independently in a vertical plane.

Каток выполнен из отдельных секций, при этом каждая перемещается независимо в вертикальном плане.

1. The electric car has no gear box, accelerator, fuel tank, the engine being replaced by an electric motor.

2. The surface being smooth, the friction is less.

3. The crankshaft turning, the connecting rod pulls down on the piston.

4. There are two-stroke engines and four-stroke engines, four-stroke engines being more widely used.

5. The friction being great, the loss of power is greater.

6. Electric generators transform mechanical energy into electrical energy, electrical energy being used to drive electric motors.