VI. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the verb “to be”.

1.A hoist is a simple suspension-type small-size mechanism.

2. The stationary tower is a metal framework consisting of several sections.

3. A crane bridge is a steel structure of a beam type.

4. The function of the clutch is to enable the engine to be disconnected smoothly from the driving wheels.

5. The principal function of the gear box is to enable the leverage between the engine and the driving wheels to be varied.

6. The principal member of a belt conveyor is a belt which carries a load on its upper surface.

7. A diesel engine is an internal combustion engine in which fuel is ignited by the heat of compression.

VII. Read and translate the following text.

CONVEYORS

There are different types of conveyors: belt conveyors, bucket conveyors, screw conveyors, vibration conveyors and others.

Belt conveyors are known to be widely used in construction work. The principal member is a belt which carries a load on its upper surface. The belt consists of plies of rubberized cotton cemented together by rubber linings. It is interesting to note that ordinary rubber belts are used for temperatures from +50 to – 50 degrees. Besides, there are heat-resistant, frost-resistant and special high-strength belts. Standard belts range in width from 400 to 1,200 mm and have from 3 to 12 plies. The width of a belt is known to be selected in conformity with the amount of load it has to handle. The number of plies which determines the belt strength must be enough to endure the maximum tension in the belt where it runs onto the drive drum. Belts move at a speed of 1.5 – 5 m/ sec. The basic elements of a belt conveyor are a belt, a head and return drive, a frame and sets of rollers supporting the upper and the lower strands of the belt.

Bucket conveyors carry the material in buckets secured on a rubber belt for handling light material or chains for heavier loads. Bucket conveyors can be vertical and inclined. In inclined conveyors the chain runs over rollers fixed on the frame. There are inclined conveyors in which the idle strand sags. The buckets dump their loads into a chute as they run over the upper sprocket or the material may be discharged by the centrifugal force arising when a fast-moving chain runs round a sprocket. At the top of the conveyor there is a discharge chute and a head drive, while a return drive and a feed chute are arranged at the bottom.

Screw conveyors are employed to handle cement, gravel, slag, concrete, wet clay, and other loose and viscous materials.

VIII. Connect the following sentences according to the contents.

1. The principal member of a a) in which the idle strand sags

belt conveyor is a belt

2. The belt consists of plies of b) as they run over the upper sprocket

rubberized cotton

3. The width of a belt is selected c) which carries a load on its upper surface

according to the amount

of load d) which are secured on a rubber belt or

chains

4. Bucket conveyors carry the e) that it has to handle

material in buckets f) which are cemented together by

5. There are also inclined conveyors rubber linings

6. The buckets dump a load into a chute