Упражнения

1. Прочтите и запомните наиболее употребительные суффиксы и префиксы существительных

а) -er, -or teacher, editor -ism heroism

-ist scientist, artist -ant assistant

-ess actress, hostess -ence conference

-ment movement, -ty сruelty, activity

development

-ance importance, distance -ure culture

-(t)ion translation -ing building

-ity majority, complexity -dom freedom

-y difficulty, energy -ssion discussion

-ian physician, politician -sion revision

-hood childhood, -ness happiness

brotherhood

-ship friendship, leadership -ure pressure

-age marriage, passage -ness backwardness

б) re- reconstruction in- information

со- coexistence, im- impossibility

coauthor

dis- disagreement, un- unemployment

disarmament

mis- misunderstanding il- illiteracy

2. Прочтите следующие существительные, определите в них суффиксы и укажите, от каких слов они образованы

direction, construction, concentration, collection, socialism, capitalism, heroism, majority, popularity, musician, technician, neighbourhood, emptiness, cleverness, appointment, understanding.

3. Образуйте существительные от данных слов, используя словообразовательные суффиксы

-ег, or to organize, to exploit, to work, to read, to sail

-tion to dictate, to decorate, to educate, to connect

-ment to improve, to agree, to govern, to develop

-ship friend, member, leader, dictator, fellow

-ing to build, to dance, to draw, to dress, to say

-ist art, science, biology, to type, material

-ness dark, weak, happy, mad, cold, bright

4. Образуйте новые существительные с помощью словообразовательных префиксов: со, re, mis, un, dis, im, il

operation, existence, formation, form, understanding, fortune, employment, honesty, agreement, morality, literacy.

5. Прочтите следующие существительные, определите их составные части, переведите на русский язык

Boyfriend salesgirl passer-by

ear-ring armchair beefsteak

basket-ball raincoat ear-phone

postman dining-room mother-in-law

6. Образуйте сложные существительные от двух или более слов

Образец: a house, a wife a housewife

a post, a man a chair, a man

a week, an end a bed, a room

news, paper air, craft

a class, a room a side, a board

a birth, a day a house, keeping

home, work reading, a hall

a tape, a recorder to dine, a room

7. Прочтите и переведите следующие предложения. Образуйте существительные от выделенных слов, употребив их в предложениях

Образец: My father works at a plant. He is a worker.

1. My brother drives very well. He is a ...

2. Mary plays the piano well. She is a ...

3. My mother teaches English. She is a ...

4. My friend studies history. He will be a ...

5. He plays chess very well. He is a good ...

6. Beethoven composed many great pieces of music. He was a great...

8. Прочтите вслух следующие существительные, запишите форму их множественного числа

carpet, glass, photo, box, lady, wife, valley, thief, man, woman, child, foot, tooth, life, handkerchief, tomato, scarf, sheep, deer, information, fish, coat.

9. Переведите на русский язык следующие сочетания существительных

a spring day, a month's holiday, students' life, the rocket industry, the phylosophy department, a college professor, cow 's milk, an iron bridge, the world championship, Ireland's wool, working class families, Oxford University, a school reform, a book shelf, the law faculty, a football fan, a week's rest, a railway station, tourist camps, summer months, October weather.

10. Переведите на английский язык, обращая внимание на способы выражения падежных отношений

а) сын моего друга; сыновья моего друга; сын моих друзей; сыновья моих друзей;

б) рисовать карандашом; сказать Диме; дать деньги друзьям; написать письмо родителям; писать о погоде; выражение лица; отрезать ножом; открыть глаза.

11. Употребите нужную форму

1. When (is, are) the latest news on? 2. Where (are, is) my glasses? I have just lost (it, them). 3. (How much, how many) furniture shops are there in your town? 4. His clothes (are, is) usually cheap, but he is actually well-off. 5. Your advice (was, were) very useful. I usually use your (advice, advices) when I'm in (touble, troubles). 6. I can't find my scissors. Where (is, are) (they, it)? 7. The book contains (much, many) information. 8. Look at Ann's hair. (It's, They are) red. 9. They say that money (is, are) the soul of business. 10. (Fish, fishes), travel long distances and different fish (live, lives) at different levels of water. 11. Two (tea, teas) and a coffee, please. 12. Too (much, many) knowledge (make, makes) the head bold. 13. Two (is, are) company, but three (is, are) a crowd. 14. I am surprised at the variety of (cheese, cheeses) that have appeared in our shops. 15. Most people prefer (a job, work) which is near home. 16. (People, Peoples) eat more (fruit, fruits) now that they used to. 17. The (fruit, fruits) of nature belong to all mankind. 18. (A man, men) makes (a house, home), (a woman, women) makes (home, a house).