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Ex. II. Read the explanation about the use of conditionals and name the tenses to be used in each structure. Translate them into Ukrainian:

We can use if with many different structures. Here are the most common cases:

1. If he asks me, I’ll help him.

Open present or future conditional.

2. If he asked me, I would help him.

Unreal present or future conditional.

3. If he had asked me, I would have helped him.

Unreal past conditional.

4. If he asks me, I always help him.

General conditional.

Note: In type 2 sentences “were” is used for all persons. Example: If I were you I wouldn’t mention it.

Ex. III. Put the verbs into the correct form will/won’t or the present simple.

  1. If I …..(have) time, I … (go shopping) this afternoon.

  2. I’m sure you …(enjoy) the film if …(see) it.

  3. If we … (leave) now, we … (not be) late.

  4. If we … (miss) the bus, we … (take) a taxi.

  5. What … (she/do) if she … (fail) the exam?

  6. If you … (need) any help, … (you/tell) me?

  7. If Simon … (not apologize) to me, I … (not speak) to him any more.

Ex. IV. Put the verbs into the correct form: the past simple or would …

  1. Simon would like to buy some new clothes but he hasn’t got much money. He says: “If I (have) more money, I (buy) some new clothes”.

  2. You would like to buy some shoes, but you think they are too expensive. You say: “I (buy) them if they (not be) so expensive.”

  3. Peter is thinking of buying a new record. Sally thinks the record isn’t very good. She says: “I (not buy) it if I (be) you”.

  4. Sarah would like to write to her friend, Alan, but she has lost Alan’s address. She says: “If I (know) Alan’s address, I (write) to him”.

  5. Andrew’s older brother, Simon, still lives at home. Andrew says: “If I (be) Simon’s age, I (not live) at home”.

  6. Mike lives in London, but he doesn’t like living there. You ask him: “Where (you/live) if you (can) live anywhere?”

Ex. V. Put the verbs into the correct form: the past perfect, or would (n’t) have + past participle:

  1. She … (speak ) to you she (see) you.

  2. If I (not/be) so busy yesterday, I would have visited you.

  3. I you had seen the film, you (enjoy) it.

  4. She would have gone to university if she (have) the opportunity.

  5. If he had been more careful, he (not/have) an accident.

Ex. VI. For past events, which have a result continuing in the present, it is possible to mix Conditionals, i.e. unreal present with unreal past. Use the pattern to make some more sentences using the prompts below:

Example: If you had studied hard, you wouldn’t be so busy now.

Save money/ have better life

Decorate the room/enjoy staying in

Apologize/feel good

Listen to /not be unhappy

Win the prize/be well off

Exercise earlier/be fit

Rain yesterday/ground be dry

Oral practice: The Roles of Managers

Ex. I. Describe your expectations after graduating from the university. What is your future job like? What qualifications do you need to be a good expert in the field?

Ex. II. Read the text and say if the job description corresponds to your expectations.

A manager is a person responsible for using available resources – people, materials/equipment, land, information, money – to achieve the goals of an organization. Managers are the key decision makers and problem solvers in organizations. In order to perform most efficiently and effectively, managers must receive the information they need in a timely manner.

Managers work toward goals through five major functions:

  1. Planning,

  2. Staffing,

  3. Organizing,

  4. Directing,

  5. Controlling resources.

Planning is the future-oriented process of developing courses of action. Staffing is assembling and training personnel. Organizing provides resources and a structure. Directing supplies leadership in supervising personnel. It works through communication and motivation. Controlling involves development of procedures to measure actual performance.