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Ex. II. Read the text.

Internet Facts

The prototype for the Internet was created in the sixties by the US Defense Department. To ensure that communication could be kept open in the event of a nuclear attack, it created a computer network known as Arpanet — the Advanced Research Project Agency Network.

The first attempt to connect two computers and allow them to communicate with one another was made by researchers at the University of California in Los Angeles and the Stanford Research Institute on 20 October 1969.

The first people to coin the term "Internet" were two scientists, Vinton Cerf (known as "farther of the Internet") and his collaborator, Bob Kahn, who in 1974 devised a means by which data could be transmitted across a global network of computers.

An Oxford graduate, Tim Berners-Lee, set up the first "www server" (a server receives and sends messages) to store the archive of the European Particle Physics Laboratory in Switzerland.

The first e-mail ever sent was in 1972 between computers in two American universities. It said "qwertyuiop" (the top line of the computer keyboard).

The most frequently used search word on the net is "sex", typed in 1,550,000 times every month.

The most mentioned male on the Internet was President Bill Clinton, whose name was linked to 1,842,790 sites.

The most mentioned female on the Internet is the actress Pamela Anderson, whose name is linked to 1,542,282 sites.

Active Words and Phrases:

coin

створювати (слово)

store an archive

створити архів

collaborator

співробітник

search word

слово-пошукач

devise a means

винайти засіб

link

сполучати, зв’язувати

server

сервер

Ex. III. Complete the sentences using the text:

  1. The prototype for the Internet was created by …

  2. The first attempt to connect two computers was made by …

  3. The first people to coin the term “Internet” were…

  4. Vinton Cerf’s collaborator was … who …

  5. The first “www server” was set up to…

  6. The first E-mail ever sent was between…

  7. The most mentioned male on the Internet was…

Ex. IV. Use the text to restore the situation for each verb form:

  1. … was created…

  2. … was made…

  3. … devised …

  4. … set up …

  5. … created …

  6. … said …

  7. … is …

Ex. V. Translate the sentences from Ukrainian into English

  1. Боб Кан винайшов засіб передачі даних через глобальну мережу.

  2. Перша спроба з’єднати два комп’ютери була зроблена дослідниками Каліфорнійського університету.

  3. Випускник Оксфордського університету спорудив перший сервер для зберігання архіву.

  4. Перший електронний лист був висланий з комп’ютера на комп’ютер у двох американських університетах.

  5. Міністерство оборони США створило комп’ютерну мережу під назвою Арпанет.

Grammar: Conditionals. Ex. I. Read the text and point out the conditional sentences. Explain the difference in the two types of the conditionals:

Jack London was late with a story, which he had promised to the editor of New York magazine. The editor of the magazine whose first name was Dick was a friend of the writer’s so he tried to be very patient with him. He asked London for the story several times and very politely but it was no good. At last the editor could wait no longer, and he sent an angry note to the author. The note read as follows, “Dear Jack, if I don’t get the story tomorrow, I’ll come up to your room and kick you downstairs, and I always keep my promises”.

London replied, also in writing, and his note read as follows, “Dear Dick, if I did my work with my feet, I’d keep my promises too”.

(Jack London, 1876 – 1916, famous American novelist and story writer).

Gladstone once saw a beautiful painting of a nobleman in a shop where pictures were sold. He liked the portrait very much, but the price of the painting was so high that he could not afford to buy it.

Some weeks later he was invited to a friend’s house. His host greeted him and took him into the sitting-room. Suddenly Gladstone saw a wonderful painting on the wall in front of him and he went towards it to have a better look. Then he realized that it was the portrait of a nobleman he had liked so much in the picture shop, but had not been able to afford.

Seeing Gladstone’s interest in the painting, his host came up to him and said, “One of my ancestors”.

“If the portrait had cost fifteen pounds less, he would have become one of my ancestors”, Gladstone replied.

(William Ewart Gladstone,1809 – 1898, English statesman, Prime Minister of England)