1332 Index

polluter-pays principle see producer

responsibility

pollution prevention options 105–106

polyalcohols, ozone decomposition,

promotor 789

polychlorinated dioxins, effluent content

1000

polychlorinated phenols, adsorbable organic

compounds 771

polydispersity

– changes 1059

– degradation reaction 685

– index 844, 1018

polyelectrolytes, osmotic pressure 1245

polylignol, lignin 31

polymer components, plant fibers 1257

polymeric compounds, pulp 1227

polymerization, degree of see also DP, 952,

1229, 1239

polymerized lignin, hydrogen peroxide 853

polymers

– cell wall 30

– fractionation 1252

– instability 1038

– phenolic 31

– precipitation 1252

– wood 1018

polynosic-type fiber, wet tenacity 1027

polyoses

– conversion products 1233

– pulp bleaching 1123

polyoxometalates, alternative bleaching

methods 887

polysaccharide chain, cleavage 662–666

polysaccharide degradation 796, 841

polysaccharides

– composition 1231–1234

– fractionation 1230

– peeling reactions 661

– treatment with aqueous acidic compounds

327

– wood 30

polysulfide 195, 201–202, 211

– disproportionation kinetics 307–308

polysulfide addition, effect on CBC

Impregnation liquor 290–293

polysulfide ions, formation under kraft

cooking conditions 185

polysulfide liquor 306

polysulfide pretreatment, yield increase as

function of redox potential 310

polysulfide pulping 306–316

– combined effects of PS and AQ pulping

314–316

– mill experience 314

POM see polyoxometalates

ponderosa pine, average moisture content

125

poplar

– lignin weight fractions 213

– radial diffusion coefficient 144

Populus

– average cell dimensions 52

– inorganic composition 40

– pulp bleaching 1126

– steroids 37

Populus deltoides carolinensis, radial diffusion

coefficient 144

Populus rubrum, kinetic parameters for xylan

water prehydrolysis 333

Populus tremula

– chemical composition 451

– density and void volume 128

Populus tremuloides

– comparison of experimental data with

diffusion model 153–154

– hemicelluloses, nonglucosic units 29

– kinetic parameters for xylan water

prehydrolysis 333

pores 1265–1267

– collapse 1054

– structure, cell wall 1052–1056

porosity 1266

– as function of fiber concentration 514

porous woods, vessels 53

portal cranes, log handling 97

positive sorting, recovered paper 1188

post-consumer recovered paper 1177–1180

post-oxygen washing 731

post-treatment with peracetic acid, effect on

brightness 883

Pourbaix diagram, AQ redox equilibria 317

power dissipation, as function of pulp

consistency 615

pre-consumer recovered paper 1177–1180

pre-heated air, kraft recovery boiler 985

pre-steaming, kraft cooking pretreatment

130

pre-thickening, kraft black liquors 975

precipitation

– pulp resins 1031

– xylan 1050

prehydrolysis

– general discussion 325–345

Index 1333

– intensity see P-factor

– kinetic weight-loss parameters 332

– kraft process see PHK process

– liquor-to-wood ratio 326

– P-factor concept 343–345

– prehydrolysis-kraft process 347–350

– wood yield temporal development for

beechwood 331

pressure

– acid sulfite cooking cycle 427

– calculated influence on impregnation in

Kazi and Chornet model 157

– CBC process 283

– during VisCBC hardwood cooking process

347

– grinding process parameters 1084

– influence equation in Kazi and Chornet

diffusion model 151

– predicted time-dependency in selected

model of kraft cooking kinetics 224

– Rauma three-stage sulfite cook 471

– two-stage delignification operating

conditions 730

pressure diffuser

– Kvaerner 555

– pulp washing equipment 554–555

pressure disk filter 990

pressure drop, centrifugal cleaning operating

parameters 587

pressure grinding 1095–1098

pressure groundwood grinder 1095

pressure pulse profile, contoured-drum rotor

(S-rotor) 573

pressure relief, acid sulfite pulping process

chemistry 430–434

pressure screen 568

– basket design 1118

– capacity 575

– equipment 601–604

– protecting 597

– rotors 1117–1118

– single-stage 1116

pressure steaming, effect on ion diffusion

149

pressure swing adsorption 828

pressure washer

– drum rotation speed and effective filtration

pressure 536

– pulp feed air content 534

– pulp feed consistency 533

– pulp temperature 535

– rotary drum 529

pressurization, hydrostatic 405

pressurized peroxide bleaching 866–867

pressurized reactors, bleaching equipment

625–627

prestage, hot chlorine dioxide stage 765

pretreatments, ozone bleaching 818–822

primary alcohols, ozone decomposition,

promotor 789

primary effluent treatment 1004

primary fines, beech pulp 1020

primary wall, cell components 42, 44

printing paper grades, mechanical pulp

properties 1142

probability separation 563

process chemistry

– acid sulfite pulping 427–465

– kraft cooking 229–325

process control

– flow chart 96

– wood yard operations 95

process steps

– continuous cooking 378–380

– displacement cooking 368

– EMCC®/ITC 387

– Lo-Solids™ process 389

– MCC 385

process variables 698

– kraft cooking kinetics models 199–211

– oxygen delignification 701–708

processing rings, debarkers 78

producer responsibility 1192, 1194

profiling line 88

profiling router, tool arrangement 88

prohibitive materials, recovered paper 1162

promoters, ozone generation 789

protecting pressure screen 597

protective layer, cell components 48

protons, NMR-spectroscopy 1261

Prunus, semi-ring-porous hardwoods 53

PS see polysulfide

PS/AQ

– mill experience 316

– pulp RLCC composition 640–641

PSA see pressure swing adsorption

pseudo first-principle models, kraft cooking

kinetics 198–199

Pseudotsuga menziesii

– chemical composition of wood 23

– inorganic composition 40

– resin acid composition 36

– spiral thickenings 44

pteridophytes, lignin 30

pulp 1113–1122

– alkali resistances 1013, 1015, 1229