- •International Economic Integration. Course of lectures
- •Introduction
- •1.1. Evolution of the global integration process
- •1.2. Traditional approaches to the scientific study of international economic integration.
- •1.2.1.Rynkova (liberal) school
- •1.2.2. Market-institutional direction
- •1.2.3. Dyryzhystskyy direction of integration theories
- •1.2.4. Theories of regional integration
- •1.3. Alternative theory of modern economic and political integration
- •1.3.1. Communication concept
- •1.3.2. "Functional Concept"
- •1.3.3. Neofunktsionalna concept
- •1.3.4. "Unifikatsiyna" concept
- •1.3.5. The concept of "regional integration ˮ
- •2.1. International economic and political integration and deepening of the internationalization of economic life
- •2.2. Preconditions and principles of international economic integration
- •2.3. International economic integration and globalization of world economy
- •3.1. The main stages of the European Union
- •3.1.1. European Coal and Steel
- •3.1.2. The system of the European Communities
- •3.1.3. Single European Act
- •3.2. Institutional and political super structure of the eu
- •Institutional and political
- •3.3. Maastricht Treaty
- •4.1. Integration trends in post-socialist countries of Central and Eastern Europe.
- •4.2. Strategy of the eu integration.
- •4.3. Features of the integration of post-socialist countries of Central and Eastern Europe into the European Union.
- •4.4. Problems of integrating cooperation within the European Union.
- •Lecture 5. Ukraine in international integaration process
- •5.1. Integration points and priorities of Ukraine
- •5.2. “Associated” membership in the Commonwealth of Independent States
- •5. 3. Ukraine - bsec
- •6.1. Peculiarities of integration in North America.
- •6.1.1. General|common| description of integration.
- •6.1.2. Specific features of the North-american free trade zone
- •6.1.3. Areas of trilateral cooperation
- •6.2. The interests of parties in the integration process
- •6.3. Nafta in the world integration process
- •Lecture 7. Integration Processes in Latin America.
- •7.1. Peculiarities of integration process in Latin American region
- •7.2. Models of the South American economic integration
- •7.2.1. Andean Community of Nations
- •7.2.2. Mercosur
- •7.3. Central America and Caribbean
- •7.4. Prospects for the integration development of Latin America
- •Lecture 8. Integration processes in Asia
- •8.1. Place of Asia in the world economic relations.
- •8.2. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (asean).
- •8.3. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
- •Lecture 9. Integration processes in Africa
- •9.1 The integration processes in Africa
- •9.2. Integration connections characteristics of the African countries.
- •9.3. Arab Maghreb Union
- •9.4. Iinternational integration process in the pool of the Indian Ocean
- •10.1. The system of United Nations Organization
- •10.2. Economic and Social Council
- •10.3. Factors of indirect influence on the global integration process
10.3. Factors of indirect influence on the global integration process
In the world economic system operates a number of international associations, and their activity doesn’t agree with the logic of development of international economic integration. But their influence on the world economy is appreciable, and often - essential.
These associations include the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development - OECD that is a form of multilateral cooperation, which includes mainly the industrialized countries.
OECD was created in 1961 to assist member countries in forming their policy and determining its objectives, that is aimed to achieve economic and social prosperity and the promotion and coordination of actions related with providing assistance to developing countries. It includes - 34 countries and more than 200 committees that examine issues of economic development.
OECD has developed a Code of Conduct devoted to TNC activity. The Code has to provide support of economic and political objectives of the member countries from TNCs.
Besides the issues of trade and economy, the OECD as a multinational-institute covers a wide range of other issues. However, the organization performs very valuable function - it is like a forum within which countries discuss political, economic and social aspects, that reflect common interests, so the countries come to a consensus on issues requiring joint activity.
An influential union of countries at the Middle East region is the League of Arab States - LAS. It includes about 22 Middle East and North African countries. LAD is a voluntary union of states, its aim is strengthen communication and coordination of policy and activity of member-states, and also movement towards a "common welfare" of all countries inhabited by Arabs.
A number of committees operate inside LAS, some of them devote its activity to economic issues, but the principal means of its influence is politics, not economic, so it does not even attempt to establish free trade areas or common markets.
Quite influential in the world economy is a union of countries with the aim to coordinate production and export of oil - Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries - OPEC. Its main strength of influence is control of prices and production volumes and oil exports.
Such countries as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Iran, Iraq, Libya, Algeria, Indonesia, Nigeria, Cameroon, Venezuela, Ecuador, united around OPEC. OPEC strengthened its position in the late 60's - early 70's when international oil cartel, which for several decades dominated on the world oil market actually lost direct control over oil production and pricing system on it.
The quota of OPEC member countries in world oil production is over 30%, these countries have almost 3 / 4 of world oil reserves. This group was established in 1960, and even today is still a very influential force in the world economy.
RESUME
Thus, at the turn of XX-XXI century the development of the system of world economic relations is determined by integration processes, which took a global nature and will likely to continue strengthening of its influence on the global economy and transformational changes that occur in it. Regional, continental and intercontinental integration unions converted to more powerful subjects of international economic relations than individual states. It is possible that soon the world's centers of economic power will take a very different, integrated nature.