Микросхемотехника / amelina_m_a_amelin_s_a_programma_shemotehnicheskogo_modeliro

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ɉɪɨɝɪ ɦɦ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜ ɧɢɹ Micro-Cap. ȼɟɪɫɢɢ 9, 10

Ɉɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɟ ɬɚɛɥ. 11.7

Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ

ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ

Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ

ȿɞɢɧɢɰɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ

ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ

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11. Ɇɨɞɟɥɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɩ ɪ ɦɟɬɪɨɜ

491

T ·XTB

BF(T)

BF ¨

¸ ;

BR(T)

BR ¨

¸ .

§ T

VJE(T) VJE

3 VT ln¨

¸ EG(Tnom)

EG(T) .

Tnom

EG(Tnom)

VJC(T)

VJC

3 VT ln¨

Tnom

EG(Tnom)

VJS(T)

VJS

3 VT ln¨

Tnom

CJE(T)

CJE «1

0.0004

¨1

MJE ¨

Tnom

CJC(T)

0.0004

¨1

CJC 1

MJC ¨

Tnom

CJS(T)

CJS «1

¨1

MJS ¨0.0004

EG(T) .

Tnom

EG(T) .

Tnom

VJE(T) ··º ¸¸» .

VJE ¹¸¼

VJC(T) ··º ¸¸» .

VJC ¹¸¼

VJS(T) ··º ¸¸» .

VJS ¹¸¼

ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɤɨɜ ɛɢɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ

VBC

VBE

VAF

VAR

VBE

VBC

Q2 IS(T)

eNF VT 1

IS(T)

eNR VT 1

IKF

IKR

Q1 1

4 Q2 0.5 .

Ɍɨɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɬɨɤɚ

VBE

VBC

ICT

IS(T)

eNF VT

IS(T)

eNR VT

Ɍɨɤ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɛɚɡɚ-ɷɦɢɬɬɟɪ

VBE

eNF VT

IBE

ISE(T) ¨e

NE VT

1¸

IS(T)

BF(T)

492

ɉɪɨɝɪ ɦɦ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜ ɧɢɹ Micro-Cap. ȼɟɪɫɢɢ 9, 10

Ɍɨɤ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɛɚɡɚ-ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪ

VBC

NR VT

IBC

ISC(T) ¨eNC VT

1¸

IS(T)

BR(T)

Ɍɨɤ ɛɚɡɵ IB = IBE + IBC

VBE

VBC

NF VT

NR VT

IB IS(T)

ISE(T)¨eNE VT

1¸

IS(T)

ISC(T)¨eNC VT

1¸ .

BF(T)

BR(T)

Ɍɨɤ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ

VBC

VBE

VBɋ

NRVT

¨e

1¸

VBC

NF VT

NRVT

IS(T)

ISC(T) ¨eNC VT

1¸ .

BR(T)

Ɍɨɤ ɷɦɢɬɬɟɪɚ

VBE

VBɋ

NF VT

¨e

1¸

VBE

NF VT

NR VT

IS(T)

ISE(T) ¨eNE VT

1¸ .

BF(T)

ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɟɣ BJT

ȿɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɛɚɡɚ-ɷɦɢɬɬɟɪ

GBE = ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɛ ɡ -ɷɦɢɬɬɟɪ = ɞIbe .

ɞVbe

	§			VBE	·-MJE
ȿɫɥɢ VBE FC̓ VJE(T)	¨	1 -			¸	.
	¨				¸
	CBE1 CJE(T) ¨				¸
	©		VJE(T)¹

-(1 MJE)

MJE VBE ·

ɂɧɚɱɟ

CBE1 CJE(T)(1 - FC)

¨1 - FC (1 MJE)

¸ .

VJE(T)

VBE

IS(T) ¨e

NF VT

-1¸

VBE

IS(T) ¨e

NF VT

-1¸

ITF

11. Ɇɨɞɟɥɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɩ ɪ ɦɟɬɪɨɜ

493

VBC

CBE2

GBE

XTF (3R2-2R3 ) e1.44 VTF

¸ .

CBE = CBE1+CBE2.

ȿɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɛɚɡɚ-ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪ

GBC = ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɛ ɡ -ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪ =

ɞIbɫ

ɞVbɫ

VBɋ

·-MJɋ

ȿɫɥɢ VBC ̓FC VJC(T)

CJC(T)

¨1

VJC(T) ¹

-(1 MJɋ)

MJɋ VBɋ

CJɋ(T)(1

MJɋ)

ɂɧɚɱɟ C

FC)

FC (1

¸ .

VJɋ(T) ¹

CJX = C (1–XCJC).

CBC = GBC TR + XCJC C.

ȿɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪ-ɩɨɞɥɨɠɤɚ

VCS

MJS

ȿɫɥɢ VCS 0̓

CJS(T) ¨

VJS(T)¹

-(1

MJS)

MJS VCS ·

ɂɧ ɱɟ

CJS(T)(1 FC)

¨1

FC (1 MJS)

¸ .

VJS(T) ¹

ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɲɭɦɨɜ ɛɢɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ

RE, RB, ɢ RC ɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɟ ɲɭɦɨɜɵɟ ɬɨɤɢ.

Ie	2 4 k T		;	Ib	2	4 k T	;	Ic	2	4 k T	.
		RE				RB				RC

Ʉɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɢ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ ɬɨɤɚ ɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɨ-ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɟ ɮɥɢɤɤɟɪ ɢ ɞɪɨɛɨɜɨɣ ɲɭɦɵ.

Ic2	2 q Ic	KF ICBAF		Ib2	2 q Ib	KF IBE AF
			;				,

		Frequency				Frequency

ɝɞɟ KF — ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɮɥɢɤɤɟɪ ɲɭɦɚ; AF — ɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢ- ɟɧɬ ɮɥɢɤɤɟɪ-ɲɭɦɚ.

494	ɉɪɨɝɪ ɦɦ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜ ɧɢɹ Micro-Cap. ȼɟɪɫɢɢ 9, 10

11.3.4.ɇɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɛɢɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ

Ɍɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɚ 1 1 . 6 . ɗɤɪɚɧɵ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ MODEL ɞɥɹ ɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ

ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɛɢɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ

ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɟ ɛɚɡɚ-ɷɦɢɬɬɟɪ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ Vbe vs. Ic
ȼɯɨɞɧɵɟ	Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ Vbe, Ic (Ɂɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɛɚɡɚ-ɷɦɢɬɬɟɪ
ɞɚɧɧɵɟ	ɨɬ ɬɨɤɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ)
Ɉɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ	IS, NF, RE
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ	IS, NF, RE
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ
	§	Ic ·
ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ	Vbe VT NF ln¨		¸ Ic RE
ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ	Vbe VT NF ln¨		¸ Ic RE
	©	IS ¹
Ʉɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢ	Ɋɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ Vbe ɨɬ ɬɨɤɚ
Ʉɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢ	ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ Ic. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ EG, XTI ɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ
	ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ Ic. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ EG, XTI ɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ
	ȼɵɯɨɞɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ hoe vs. Ic
ȼɯɨɞɧɵɟ	Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɇɨɟ ɨɬ ɬɨɤɚ ɤɨɥ-
ɞɚɧɧɵɟ	ɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ Ic
ɍɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɢɡɦɟ-	ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ Vce
ɪɟɧɢɹ
Ɉɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ	VAF (ɉɪɹɦɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɗɪɥɢ)
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ	VAF (ɉɪɹɦɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɗɪɥɢ)
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ

ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ	Hoe			IC


		VAF		Vce	0,7

ɋɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɩɨ ɬɨɤɭ						Beta vs. Ic
	Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɤɚ
ȼɯɨɞɧɵɟ	ɜ ɫɯɟɦɟ Ɉɗ Beta ɨɬ ɬɨɤɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ Ic (ɩɪɢ ɦɚɥɵɯ ɬɨɤɚɯ ɪɟɤɨɦɛɢ-
ɞɚɧɧɵɟ	ɧɚɰɢɢ	ɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɬɨɤɚɯ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɢɧɠɟɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɹɯ
	ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ forward Beta)
ɍɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɢɡɦɟ-	ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ Vce
ɪɟɧɢɹ
Ɉɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ	NE, ISE, BF, IKF
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ	NE, ISE, BF, IKF
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ
ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ	ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ Ƚɭɦɦɟɥɹ-ɉɭɧɚ, ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ
ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ	Beta = f(Ic)
	Beta = f(Ic)
ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪ-ɷɦɢɬɬɟɪ						Vce vs. Ic
ȼɯɨɞɧɵɟ	Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪ-ɷɦɢɬɬɟɪ
ȼɯɨɞɧɵɟ	Vce ɨɬ ɬɨɤɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ Ic				ɩɪɢ ɧɢɡɤɢɯ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɢɧɠɟɤ-
ɞɚɧɧɵɟ	Vce ɨɬ ɬɨɤɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ Ic				ɩɪɢ ɧɢɡɤɢɯ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɢɧɠɟɤ-
ɞɚɧɧɵɟ	ɰɢɢ (ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɹɯ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ Revers Beta)
	ɰɢɢ (ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɹɯ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ Revers Beta)
ɍɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɢɡɦɟ-	Ɉɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ		Ic
ɪɟɧɢɹ	Ɉɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ		Ib
ɪɟɧɢɹ


Ɉɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ	NC, ISC, BR, IKR, RC
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ	NC, ISC, BR, IKR, RC
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ
ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ	Vce	f(Ic)		Ic (RC	RE)

11. Ɇɨɞɟɥɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɩ ɪ ɦɟɬɪɨɜ

495

ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɛɥ. 11.6.

Ȼɚɪɶɟɪɧɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪ-ɛɚɡɚ

Cob vs. Vcb

ȼɯɨɞɧɵɟ

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ Cob, Vcb (Ɂɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɧɨɣ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ

ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɧɨɦ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɟ)

Ɉɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ

CJC, MJC, VJC, FC

ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ

Cob

CJC

ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ

Vcb ·MJC

¨1

VJɋ ¹

Ʉɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢ

ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ Vcb ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ

Ȼɚɪɶɟɪɧɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɷɦɢɬɬɟɪ-ɛɚɡɚ Cib vs. Veb

ȼɯɨɞɧɵɟ

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ Cib, Veb (Ɂɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɧɨɣ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ

ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

ɷɦɢɬɬɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɨɬ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɧɟɦ)

Ɉɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ

CJE, MJE, VJE

ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ

Cib

CJE

ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ

Veb ·MJE

¨1

VJE ¹

Ʉɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢ

ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ Veb ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ

ȼɪɟɦɹ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɪɹɞɚ

TS vs. Ic

ȼɯɨɞɧɵɟ

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɪɚɫɫɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɹ Ts ɨɬ ɬɨɤɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɤ-

ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

ɬɨɪɚ Ic

ɍɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɢɡɦɟ-

Ɉɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɤɨɜ

ɪɟɧɢɹ

Ɉɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ

ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ

, AF

AF AR

ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ

TF ,

ln¨

1¸

Ʉɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢ

ɋɪɟɞɧɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɨɥɟɬɚ TR ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ

ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ Ts ɨɬ ɬɨɤɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ Ic

496

ɉɪɨɝɪ ɦɦ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜ ɧɢɹ Micro-Cap. ȼɟɪɫɢɢ 9, 10

Ɉɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɟ ɬɚɛɥ. 11.6.

ɉɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ Ft vs. Ic

ȼɯɨɞɧɵɟ

Ɂɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɤɚ Ft ɜ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɫ Ɉɗ ɨɬ

ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

ɬɨɤɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ Ic

ɍɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɢɡɦɟ-

ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ Vce

ɪɟɧɢɹ

Ɉɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ

TF, ITF, XTF, VTF

ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ

§ Ic ·

Vbe

VT N ln¨

, Vbc

Vbe

Vce ,

Vbc

e1.44VTF

atf

XTF ¨

ITF ¹

2 (atf

1 ) ITF

VT N (atf

TF «atf

1,44 VTF

ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ

ITF

Vbc ·

¨1

¸ ,

VAF ¹

N ¨Cje

Cjc

§1

VT N

« fa

ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ Micro-Cap ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɛɢɩɨɥɹɪ- ɧɵɯ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɜ ɮɢɪɦɵ Philips: ɦɨɞɟɥɢ PNP- ɢ NPN-ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ Mextram (Level= 2 ɢɥɢ Level=21); ɦɨɞɟɥɶ PNP-ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɫ ɛɨɤɨɜɨɣ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɟɣ Modella

(Level = 500 ɢɥɢ Level =501).

Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ Philips Mextram ɛɢɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ npn (pnp) ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ, ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɛɚɡɵ, ɷɮɮɟɤɬ Ʉɢɪɤɚ, ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɭɞɚɪ- ɧɨɣ ɢɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ɫɚɦɨɪɚɡɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ.

Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ Philips Modella ɛɢɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ — ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ ɫ ɛɨɤɨɜɨɣ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɟɣ. Ɉɧɚ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɤɚ, ɷɮɮɟɤɬɵ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɢɧɠɟɤɰɢɢ, ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ.

11. Ɇɨɞɟɥɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɩ ɪ ɦɟɬɪɨɜ

497

11.4.ɉɨɥɟɜɵɟ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɵ JFET

11.4.1.Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɩɨɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ JFET

Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ SPICEt

J <ɢɦɹ> <ɫɬɨɤ> <ɡɚɬɜɨɪ> <ɢɫɬɨɤ> <ɢɦɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ> [area] [OFF] [IC=<vds>[,vgs]]

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ:
J1 5 7 9 2N3531 1 OFF IC=1.0,2.5	NJFET				PJFET
	NJFET				PJFET
Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ ɫɯɟɦ Micro-Cap
Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ ɫɯɟɦ Micro-Cap
x ɬɪɢɛɭɬ PART <ɢɦɹ>			J1			J2



ɉɪɢɦɟɪ:


J1		Ɋɢɫ. 11.8.		ɉɨɥɟɜɨɣ
x ɬɪɢɛɭɬ VALUE [area] [OFF] [IC=<vds>[,vgs]]		Ɋɢɫ. 11.8.		ɉɨɥɟɜɨɣ
ɉɪɢɦɟɪ:			ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪ
ɉɪɢɦɟɪ:

1.5 OFF IC=0.05,1.00

x ɬɪɢɛɭɬ MODEL <ɢɦɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ>

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ:

JFET_MOD

ɇɚ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɵɣ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɶ [area] ɭɦɧɨɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɢɥɢ ɞɟɥɹɬɫɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ, ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 11.7. ɇɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɤɥɸɱɟɜɨɝɨ ɫɥɨɜɚ OFF ɩɪɢɜɨ- ɞɢɬ ɤ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɢɬɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɫɱɟ- ɬɚ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ. ɇɟɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ IC=<Vds>[,Vgs] ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬ ɤ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɬɨɤɨɦ ɢ ɢɫɬɨɤɨɦ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɨɦ ɢ ɢɫɬɨɤɨɦ. Ɉɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɪɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ VTO ɩɨɞɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɟɬ ɨɛɟɞɧɟɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ, ɚ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ VTO ɩɨɞ- ɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɟɬ ɨɛɨɝɚɳɟɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ. ɗɬɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɦɨɞɟ-

ɥɹɦ SPICE 2G.6.

11.4.2.ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɩɨɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ

Ɍɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɚ 1 1 . 7 . ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɩɨɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ

Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ	ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ	Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ	ȿɞɢɧɢɰɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ	AREA
Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ		Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ	ȿɞɢɧɢɰɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ	AREA

VTO	ɉɨɪɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ	–2	ȼ
BETA	Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ (ɭɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɟ-	1E–4	/ȼ2
	ɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
LAMBDA	ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ	0	1/ȼ
RD	Ɉɛɴɟɦɧɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɬɨɤɚ	0	Ɉɦ	e
RS	Ɉɛɴɟɦɧɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɢɫɬɨɤɚ	0	Ɉɦ	e
CGS	ȿɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪ-ɢɫɬɨɤ ɩɪɢ ɧɭɥɟɜɨɦ ɫɦɟ-	0	Ɏ
CGS	ɳɟɧɢɢ	0	Ɏ
	ɳɟɧɢɢ
CGD	ȿɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪ-ɫɬɨɤ ɩɪɢ ɧɭɥɟɜɨɦ ɫɦɟ-	0	Ɏ
CGD	ɳɟɧɢɢ	0	Ɏ
	ɳɟɧɢɢ

M	Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɥɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪ-ɢɫɬɨɤ	0.5	—

PB	Ʉɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɚɹ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɜ ɪ-n-ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ	1	ȼ
PB	ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚ	1	ȼ
	ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚ
IS	Ɍɨɤ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ ɪ-n-ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪ-ɤɚɧɚɥ	1E-14

FC	Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɫɬɢ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɨɜ	0.5	—
FC	ɩɪɢ ɩɪɹɦɨɦ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ	0.5	—
	ɩɪɢ ɩɪɹɦɨɦ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ
VTOTC	Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ VTO	0	ȼ/°ɋ

ȼȿɌȺTɋȿ	Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ	0	%/°ɋ
	BETA
XTI	Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɬɨɤɚ IS	3	—

KF	Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɣ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɥɨɬ-	0	—
KF	ɧɨɫɬɶ ɮɥɢɤɤɟɪ-ɲɭɦɚ	0	—
	ɧɨɫɬɶ ɮɥɢɤɤɟɪ-ɲɭɦɚ
AF	ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɣ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ	1	—
AF	ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɥɢɤɤɟɪ-ɲɭɦɚ ɨɬ ɬɨɤɚ	1	—
	ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɥɢɤɤɟɪ-ɲɭɦɚ ɨɬ ɬɨɤɚ
T_MEAS	Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ	—	°ɋ
URED	Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ	—	°ɋ
URED
T_ABS	ɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ	—	°ɋ

T_REL_	Ɉɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ	—	°ɋ
GLOBAL	Ɉɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ	—	°ɋ
T_REL_	Ɋɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɦɨ-	—	°ɋ
LOCAL	ɞɟɥɢ-ɩɪɨɬɨɬɢɩɚ AKO	—	°ɋ
LOCAL	ɞɟɥɢ-ɩɪɨɬɨɬɢɩɚ AKO

Ɏɨɪɦɚɬɵ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɯ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ

.MODEL <ɢɦɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ> NJF ([ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ])

.MODEL <ɢɦɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ> PJF ([ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ])

ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵ:

.MODEL J1 NJF (VTO=-2 BETA=1E-4 LAMBDA=1E-3)

.MODEL J2 PJF (VTO= 2 BETA=.005 LAMBDA=.015)

Ɋɢɫ. 11.9. Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɩɨɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ ɫ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦ p-n ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɨɦ

11. Ɇɨɞɟɥɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɩ ɪ ɦɟɬɪɨɜ

499

11.4.3. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ JFET

Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ BETA, CGS, CGD, ɢ IS ɭɦɧɨɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ [area], ɚ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ RD ɢ RS ɞɟɥɹɬɫɹ ɧɚ [area] ɩɟɪɟɞ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɜ ɩɪɢ- ɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɢɠɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ.

Vgs — ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɬɜɨɪ-ɢɫɬɨɤ Vds — ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɤ-ɢɫɬɨɤ Id — ɬɨɤ ɫɬɨɤɚ

Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɵ JFET

T — ɷɬɨ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ, ɚ Tnom — ɷɬɨ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ. Ɉɛɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɝɪɚɞɭɫɚɯ Ʉɟɥɶ- ɜɢɧɚ. T ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɜ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɟ Analysis Limits ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ. TNOM ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɦɢ Global Settings ɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɨɣ .OPTIONS. T ɢ Tnom ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɞɨɛɪɚɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ T_MEASURED,

T_ABS, T_REL_GLOBAL, ɢ T_REL_LOCAL (ɫɦ. ɪɚɡɞɟɥ 4.9, ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɞɢɪɟɤ-

ɬɢɜɵ .MODEL).

k T 1.38 10

1.602

10 19

X(T) ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ X.

VTO(T) = VTO + VTOTC (T–Tnom)

BETA(T) = BETA 1.01BETACE (T-Tnom)

1.11 §

1·

T ·

XTI

IS(T)

IS e

EG(T)

1.16

.000702 T 2

1108

PB(T) PB

3 VT

ln¨

EG(Tnom)

EG(T)

Tnom

	ª	§				PB(T)·º
CGS(T)	CGS «1	M ¨	.0004	(T-Tnom)	1		¸»

	¬	©				PB	¹¼
	ª	§				PB(T)·º
CDS(T)	CDS «1	M ¨	.0004	(T-Tnom)	1		¸»

	¬	©				PB	¹¼

ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɤɨɜ JFET

Ɉɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɨɬɫɟɱɤɢ: Vgs VTO(T)

Id = 0

500	ɉɪɨɝɪ ɦɦ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜ ɧɢɹ Micro-Cap. ȼɟɪɫɢɢ 9, 10

Ɉɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ: Vds > Vgs – VTO(T)

Id BETA(T) Vgs VTO(T) 2 1 LAMBDA Vds

Ʌɢɧɟɣɧɚɹ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ: Vds < Vgs – VTO(T)

BETA(T) Vds >2 Vgs

VTO(T)

Vds@ 1

LAMBDA Vds

ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɟɣ JFET

ȿɫɥɢ

Vgs

FC PB(T), ɬɨ

Cgs

CGS(T)

Vgs

·M

PB(T)¹

Vgs

CGS(T) ¨1

FC(1

ɂɧɚɱɟ

Cgs

PB(T)¹

FC 1 M

ȿɫɥɢ

FC PB(T), ɬɨ

CGD(T)

Vgd

Cgd

Vgd

·M

¨1

PB(T)¹

Vgd

CGD(T) ¨

FC(1

M) M

ɂɧɚɱɟ

Cgd

PB(T)¹

FC 1 M

ɍɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɲɭɦɨɜ ɩɨɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ JFET

Ɋɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɵ RS ɢ RD ɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ ɲɭɦ.

Ird2	4kT	Irs2	4kT

	RD		RS
	RD		RS

ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɬɨɤɚ ɜ ɰɟɩɢ ɫɬɨɤɚ ɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɭɟɬ ɲɭɦɨɜɨɣ ɬɨɤ.

		I 2	4 k T gm	2	KF Id AF
						,
						,
				3	Frequency
ɝɞɟ gm	ɞId	(ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɟ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ)
ɝɞɟ gm	ɞVgs	(ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɟ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ)

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