Добавил:
Upload Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:
технология коммуникаций.pdf
Скачиваний:
2574
Добавлен:
29.02.2016
Размер:
26.38 Mб
Скачать

Chapter 1: Understanding Business Communication in Today’s Workplace

29

References

1.Scott Edinger, “The One Skill All Leaders Should Work On,” Harvard Business Review blogs, 29 March 2012, http://blogs.hbr.org.

2.Richard L. Daft, Management, 6th ed. (Cincinnati: Cengage South-Western, 2003), 580.

3.Julie Connelly, “Youthful Attitudes, Sobering Realities,” New York Times, 28 October 2003, E1, E6; Nigel Andrews and Laura D’Andrea Tyson, “The Upwardly

Global MBA,” Strategy + Business 36 (Fall 2004): 60–69; Jim McKay, “Communication Skills Found Lacking,” Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 28 February 2005, www.delawareonline.com.

4.Brian Solis, Engage! (Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, 2010), 11–12; “Majority of Global Companies Face an Engagement Gap,” Internal Comms Hub website,

23October 2007, www.internalcommshub.com; Gary L. Neilson, Karla L. Martin, and Elizabeth Powers, “The Secrets to Successful Strategy Execution,” Harvard Business Review, June 2008, 61–70; Nicholas Carr, “Lessons in Corporate Blogging,” BusinessWeek, 18 July 2006, 9; Susan Meisinger, “To Keep Employees, Talk—and Listen—to Them!” HR Magazine, August 2006, 10.

5.Daft, Management, 147.

6.Richard Edelman, “Teaching Social Media: What Skills Do Communicators Need?” in Engaging the New Influencers; Third Annual Social Media Academic Summit (white paper), www.newmediaacademicsummit.com; “CEOs to Communicators: ‘Stick to Common Sense’,” Internal Comms Hub website, 23 October 2007, www.internalcommshub.com;

“A Writing Competency Model for Business,” BizCom 101.com,

14December 2007, www.businesswriting-courses.com; Sue Dewhurst and Liam FitzPatrick, “What Should Be the Competency of Your IC Team?” white paper, 2007, http://competentcommunicators.com.

7.Eliza Browning, “Business Etiquette: 5 Rules That Matter Now,” Inc., 17 April 2012, www.inc.com.

8.Paul Martin Lester, Visual Communication: Images

with Messages (Belmont, Calif.: Cengage South-Western, 2006), 6–8.

9.Anne Field, “What You Say, What They Hear,” Harvard Management Communication Letter, Winter 2005, 3–5.

10.Ben Hanna, 2009 Business Social Media Benchmarking Study (published by Business.com), 2 November 2009, 11.

11.Michael Killian, “The Communication Revolution— ‘Deep Impact’ About to Strike,” Avaya Insights blog, 4 December 2009, www.avayablog.com.

12.Philip C. Kolin, Successful Writing at Work, 6th ed. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001), 24–30.

13.Nancy K. Kubasek, Bartley A. Brennan, and M. Neil Browne, The Legal Environment of Business, 3rd ed. (Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2003), 172.

14.Michael Oliveira, “Netflix Apologizes for Using Actors to Meet Press at Canadian Launch,” Globe and Mail,

22September 2010, www.theglobeandmail.com.

15.Word of Mouth Marketing Association, “WOM 101,” accessed 2 June 2010, http://womma.org; Nate Anderson, “FTC Says Stealth Marketing Unethical,” Ars Technica,

13December 2006, http://arstechnica.com; “Undercover Marketing Uncovered,” CBSnews.com, 25 July 2004, www.cbsnews.com; Stephanie Dunnewind, “Teen Recruits Create Word-of-Mouth ‘Buzz’ to Hook Peers on Products,” Seattle Times, 20 November 2004, www.seattletimes.com.

16.Linda Pophal, “Tweet Ethics: Trust and Transparency in a Web 2.0 World,” CW Bulletin, September 2009, www.iabc.com.

17.“FTC Action Terminates Nationwide Employment Scam,” news release, 31 January 2012, U.S. Federal Trade Commission website, www.ftc.gov.

18.Daft, Management, 155.

19.Based in part on Robert Kreitner, Management, 9th ed. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2004), 163.

20.Michael R. Carrell, Everett E. Mann, and Tracey Honeycutt Sigler, “Defining Workforce Diversity Programs and Practices in Organizations: A Longitudinal Study,” Labor Law Journal, Spring 2006, 5–12.

21.“Dimensions of Diversity—Workforce,” Merck website, accessed 4 January 2011, www.merck.com.

22.Alan Kline, “The Business Case for Diversity,” USBanker, May 2010, 10–11.

23.Podcast interview with Ron Glover, IBM website, accessed 17 August 2008, www.ibm.com.

24.“Culture Influences Brain Function, Study Shows,” Science Daily, 13 January 2008, www.sciencedaily.com;” Tracy Novinger, Intercultural Communication, A Practical Guide (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2001), 15.

25.Lillian H. Chaney and Jeanette S. Martin, Intercultural Business Communication, 4th ed. (Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007), 53.

26.Arthur Chin, “Understanding Cultural Competency,” New Zealand Business, December 2010/January 2011, 34–35; Sanjeeta R. Gupta, “Achieve Cultural Competency,” Training, February 2009, 16–17; Diane Shannon, “Cultural Competency in Health Care Organizations: Why and How,” Physician Executive, September–October 2010, 15–22.

27.Geneviève Hilton, “Becoming Culturally Fluent,” Communication World, November/December 2007, 34–35.

28.Linda Beamer, “Teaching English Business Writing to Chinese-Speaking Business Students,” Bulletin of the Association for Business Communication 57, no. 1 (1994): 12–18.

30 Unit 1: Business Communication Foundations

29.Edward T. Hall, “Context and Meaning,” in Intercultural Communication, 6th ed., edited by Larry A. Samovar and Richard E. Porter (Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth, 1991), 46–55.

30.Daft, Management, 459.

31.Charley H. Dodd, Dynamics of Intercultural Communication, 3rd ed. (Dubuque, Iowa: Brown, 1991), 69–70.

32.Daft, Management, 459.

33.Hannah Seligson, “For American Workers in China,

a Culture Clash,” New York Times, 23 December 2009, www.nytimes.com.

34.Linda Beamer and Iris Varner, Intercultural Communication in the Workplace, 2nd ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin, 2001), 230–233.

35.Ed Marcum, “More U.S. Businesses Abandon Outsourcing Overseas,” Seattle Times, 28 August 2010, www.seattletimes

.com.

36.Guo-Ming Chen and William J. Starosta, Foundations

of Intercultural Communication (Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 1998), 288–289.

37.Steff Gelston, “Gen Y, Gen X and the Baby Boomers: Workplace Generation Wars,” CIO, 30 January 2008, www.cio.com.

38.Peter Coy, “Old. Smart. Productive.” BusinessWeek,

27 June 2005, www.businessweek.com; Beamer and Varner,

Intercultural Communication in the Workplace, 107–108.

39.Joanna Barsh and Lareina Yee, “Changing Companies’ Minds About Women,” McKinsey Quarterly 4 (2011): 48–59.

40.John Gray, Mars and Venus in the Workplace (New York: HarperCollins, 2002), 10, 25–27, 61–63.

41.Jennifer Luden, “Ask for a Raise? Most Women Hesitate,” NPR, 14 February 2011, www.npr.org.

42.“Religious Bias a Growing Issue,” Business Insurance,

13 February 2012, 8; Mark D. Downey, “Keeping the Faith,” HR Magazine, January 2008, 85–88.

43.Jensen J. Zhao and Calvin Parks, “Self-Assessment of Communication Behavior: An Experiential Learning Exercise for Intercultural Business Success,” Business Communication Quarterly 58, no. 1 (1995): 20–26; Dodd,

Dynamics of Intercultural Communication, 142–143, 297–299; Stephen P. Robbins, Organizational Behavior, 6th ed. (Paramus, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1993), 345.

44.Chaney and Martin, Intercultural Business Communication, 9.

45.Mona Casady and Lynn Wasson, “Written Communication Skills of International Business Persons,” Bulletin of the Association for Business Communication 57, no. 4 (1994):

36–40.

46.“Brain Overload Causing Loss of Deep Thinking: Study,” ZeeNews, 14 December 2009, www.zeenews.com; Tara Craig, “How to Avoid Information Overload,” Personnel Today, 10 June 2008, 31; Jeff Davidson, “Fighting Information Overload,” Canadian Manager, Spring 2005, 16+.

47.“Many Senior Managers Communicate Badly,

Survey Says,” Internal Comms Hub, 6 August 2007, www.internalcommshub.com.

48.Mike Schaffner, “Step Away from the Computer,” Forbes, 7 August 2009, www.forbes.com.

49.The concept of a four-tweet summary is adapted from Cliff Atkinson, The Backchannel (Berkeley, Calif.: New Riders, 2010), 120–121.

U N I T

The Three-Step

Writing Process

Asia Images Group, Getty Images, Inc.

CHAPTER 3 Planning Business Messages

CHAPTER 4 Writing Business Messages

CHAPTER 5 Completing Business Messages

This is the role that stories play—putting knowledge into a framework that is more
lifelike, more true to our day-to-day existence.
—Chip Heath and Dan Heath,
Made to Stick: Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die
Why do some ideas catch on and others disappear? Why do smart ideas often go unnoticed while mediocre or even bad ideas become permanently stuck in people’s consciousness? Brothers Chip and Dan Heath devoted years to solving this puzzle and concluded that audiences are more likely to pay attention to and care about ideas that are simple, concrete, credible, unexpected, and emotional, and they are more likely to act on ideas that are presented in a compelling story.1 Every business message can be improved by making it simple, concrete, and credible, and many can be improved through the careful use of surprise, emotion, and storytelling.
This chapter is the first of three that explore the three-step writing process, a time-tested method for creating more-effective messages in less time. The techniques you’ll learn in this chapter will help you plan and organize messages that will capture and keep your audience’s attention.
Planning Business Messages
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After studying this chapter, you will be able to
1 Describe the three-step writing process and explain why it will help you create better messages in less time.
2 Explain what it means to analyze the situation when planning a message.
3 Describe the techniques for gathering information for simple messages and identify three attributes of quality information.
4 Compare the four major classes of media and list the factors to consider when choosing the most appropriate medium for a message.
5 Explain why good organization is important to both you and your audience and explain how to organize any business message.

3

MyBCommLab®

ImproveYour Grade!

Over 10 million students improved their results using the Pearson MyLabs.

Visit mybcommlab.com for simulations, tutorials, and end-of- chapter problems.

Communication

Matters . . .

Amy Surdacki

Stanford University’s Chip Heath and Duke University’s Dan Heath have identified the key factors that lead audiences to care about and act on the messages they receive.

56