- •Англійська мова для професійного спілкування
- •Передмова
- •Brief contents
- •Unit 1 structure and bonding
- •1. You are going to read three texts which are all connected with chemistry. Read the texts and be able to make intelligent guesses about:
- •2. Decide what books the texts come from. What helped you to make up your mind? Choose from the following:
- •3. Which sentence could be the opening sentence of the text?
- •4. Think about the first sentences above and decide which you think are likely to introduce a paragraph with:
- •6. Give the definitions of the following terms:
- •2. Look at Appendix 3 and Render the following text.
- •3. Read the following text. Discuss the point with your colleagues. What do you know about the methods of scientific investigation? The Scientific Method
- •The Scientific Method
- •1. Culture clips: London life
- •2.What museums are there in your city/town? Have you ever visited any?
- •3.Have you ever visited science museum of the “kpi”? Are there any in your university? Imagine that you are a guide at such museum, tell about the most interesting museum piece.
- •2. What was said in the text about:
- •3. Render the following text.
- •1. Imagine that you are starting a presentation. What phrases might you use?
- •2. Listen totwowaysofopeningpresentationsandseeifyoucanhearsomeofthephrasesabove.
- •3. Read some advices on delivering effective presentations in the Appendix 7 and write your own opening for the topic “Stereochemistry”.
- •Imagine that you are a major distributor of the following product. Look at Business English section and write a letter asking more information about the product presented below.
- •Unit 3 molecular symetry
- •2. Find five things in the texts to finish the sentence: “It reminds me of…”
- •2. Read the flowcharts given in the figure 1 and 2.
- •3. Read some information about creation of the flow charts in the Appendix 4-6 and create your own describing any experiment you made in the laboratory.
- •4. Create a list of rules related to the theme of the text given in the exercise 1. Share and compare the rules with your partners and think how they might be improved, choose the best ones.
- •5. Render the text given in the exercise 1.
- •2. Listen to two ways of giving presentations and see if you can hear some of the phrases above.
- •3. Read some advices on delivering effective presentations in the Appendix 7 and write your own presentation for the topic “Molecular symmetry”.
- •You ordered: Beckman du64 uv/VisSpectrophotometer
- •Unit 4 stereochemistry of reactions
- •Chiral Drug
- •1.Presentation: questions.
- •Unit 5 resolution of enantiomers
- •Resolution of enantiomers
- •1. Method of resolution is the title of the text in this section. What is the likely content of the article? Predict the methods which might be described.
- •3. Mark and talk about five things from the text you are glad to find out about. Talk in pairs about these things and why you chose them.
- •5.Render the text.
- •4. Think of three reasons you liked the text and three reasons you didn’t like it. Share and compare your reasons with other students. Find out how many other students share your opinion.
- •1.Presentation: useful tips.
- •3.Complete the sentence with the correct phrase.
- •Principles of Stereochemistry
- •Enantiomeric Relationships
- •Diastereomeric Relationships
- •Methods of determining configuration
- •The Cause of Optical Activity
- •Molecules With More Than One Chiral (Stereogenic) Center
- •Asymmetric Synthesis
- •Business english
- •Formal letter
- •1.Titles and addresses
- •2Covering the issues
- •3 Beginning your letter
- •4 Ordering ideas
- •5 Range
- •6 Ending the letter
- •Sample formal letter
- •Informal letter or email
- •1 Titles and addresses
- •2 Openings
- •3 Covering all the issues
- •4 Using informal language
- •5 Range
- •6 Connectors
- •7 Closing statements
- •Writing a tactful advice letter
- •How to write a request letter
- •Complaint letter
- •If necessary, add any further information:
- •Writing claim letter
- •Inquiry letter
- •Establish Your Objective
- •Determine Your Scope
- •Organize Your Letter
- •Draft Your Letter
- •Close Your Letter
- •Review and Revise Your Inquiry Letter
- •Sample Inquiry Letter __________Better Widget Makers, Inc.__________
- •5555 Widget Avenue
- •Appendices appendix 1 exclamations
- •Appendix 2 general conversation gambits
- •Appendix 3 the scheme of rendering the text
- •Appendix 4 flow charts
- •Appendix 5 graph
- •Appendix 6 reading and interpreting graphs
- •Types of Graphs
- •Appendix 7 presentations
- •Typescripts
- •Bbc Learning English. Talking Business
- •(Bbclearningenglish. Com)
- •Bibliography 1
- •Bibliography 2
Formal letter
1.Titles and addresses
If the letter is not written on headed paper, it is common to write your address and telephone number at the top of the page. In British English, this appears on the right-hand side, with the date underneath. In American English, this appears on the left-hand side of the page, above the name and address of the person that you are writing to.
There may also be a reference number, for example your order number or customer account number, beneath the date.
The full name (Ms Penny Smith) or a suitable title (The Manager, Customer Services), and the address of the person you are writing to goes on the next line, on the left-hand side of the page.
EXAM TIP
Many exams do not require you to write addresses and the date at the start of your letter, so make sure that you follow any instructions carefully.
USEFUL PHRASES
If you know the name of the person to whom you are writing, begin your letter: Dear Mr. Smith, Dear Ms Brown
If you do not know the name of the person you are writing to, begin your letter: Dear Sir - if you know that you are writing to a man, Dear Madam - if you know that you are writing to a woman, or Dear Sir or Madam, if you do not know the gender.
If you do not know the particular company or person you are writing to (for example, a general reference letter), begin your letter: To Whom It May Concern.
Only write the title and the surname, not the first name x Dear Mr. John Brown.
In British English, there is usually no punctuation after the opening greeting, although a comma is possible. In American English, a colon should be used.
2Covering the issues
A formal letter is always written in response to another letter, piece of communication or a situation that has arisen. There are always some things that you must mention in your letter. These are always clear from the situation.
EXAM TIP
There is often a prompt for a negative and/or interrogative sentence in your reply. For example, the notes may contain information such as: No - Monday impossible. You are expected to write a negative sentence such as: I am sorry but I am not available next Monday.
Prompts may be in the form of notes, or in the exam question itself. Make sure that you take note of any such prompts.
In the sample letter at the end of this guide, there are five key points to make: the four points in the notes, the cost, the poor software, the technician, the price of the hotline, and the request for a visit by a technician in the first part of the question.
If you do not cover all the key points your letter will not receive a good grade, even if you use a wide, accurate range of language and vocabulary. In any exam, if you fail to mention a key issue, you will be heavily penalized or may automatically fail the essay task.
3 Beginning your letter
A formal letter can begin by referring to the previous communication, stating the relationship between the two people, or by summarizing the purpose of writing the letter.
USEFUL PHRASES
Begin by referring to previous communication: Following our telephone conversation this morning, I am happy to confirm your offer of work with James PLC. | I am writing in reply to your letter dated 27th July. | I am writing in response to your advertisement for the position of tour guide in your London office, which appeared in the Daily Times today.
State the relationship between you: I recently booked a holiday to Australia with your company.
Summarize the purpose of the letter: I am writing to inform you of some changes we have made to your schedule. | I would like to be considered for this post. | I am writing to request more information on the voluntary work programmes you run.