10 Listen to Talk No 2 and answer the questions below. Then listen again and check your answers.

1. Who is the hero of this talk?

2. Which of Disney's characters became an overnight suc­cess?

3. What are the most popular films of Walt Disney?

4. Where is the magic kingdom of Walt Disney located?

5. How much does the amusement park Disneyland bring each year?

11* Complete the text using the words from the box. There are two words which you don't'need to use

success, imagination, recasting, foresight, innovative, chief executive, multitude, established, fascinated, endow, founded, launch

Robert Edward Turner was born in 1938 in Cincinnati. He "is world famous American television network _______(1)_______.

In 1976, he_______(2)_______a television station, WTBS, and built it into the Turner Broadcasting System (TBS). As he was a man with _______(3) , he decided to _______(4)_______first 24-hour news channel. So, in 1980, The Cable News Network (CNN), was _______(5)_______ . People from all over the world including monarchs, presi­dents, prime ministers and many other very important per­sons were_______(6)_______by this innovation.

Ted Turner is a forward thinking person always coming up with ________(7) ideas. In 1988, Ted Turner started up TNT, a movie channel giving the opportunity to the_______(8)_______to enjoy his vast library of film clas­sics.

Ted Turner announced he would_______(9)_______$1 bil­lion to United Nations programs devoted to international understanding and peace and the environment. His creative activity is_______(10)_______American life and culture.

Unit3. READING COMPREHENSION

The ethical heart of business is service to others. Without it, no enterprise and no entrepreneur can succeed. Here are two profiles of great business leaders. They believed passion­ately in America as the land of opportunity and in the possi­bilities for individuals to succeed here.

John d. Rockefeller and the modern corporation

John Davison Rockefeller, the head of Standard Oil, a multibil-lion-dollar enterprise, established an integrated system, of production and distribution. His most lasting contribution lay in the systems of professional management that inte­grated the many aspects of his busi­ness. Rockefeller's extraordinary drive and legendary attention to detail led his company to early suc-ces. An understanding of the histo­ry of the Standard Oil Company is essential to the understanding of the rise of the large corpo­ration in the American economy. By 1913 Rockefeller amassed a fortune of $900 million and owned nearly all of the nation's oil industry.

John D. Rockefeller was born in 1839 on a small farm in upstate New York. In 1853, his father, William A. Rockefeller, an occasional farmer, small-time entrepreneur, moved from upstate New York to Cleveland with his deeply pious wife and five children. Rockefeller upon completing secondary school and a few business courses at Folsom's Commercial College, found work as a $4-a-week bookkeeper for a Cleveland dry goods merchant.

Obsessed with attaining professional and financial inde­pendence, John scrimped and borrowed for three years, until he had enough - $1,800 - to set up shop in 1859 as a dry-goods trader. Rockefeller watched as Cleveland-area busi­nessmen made quick fortunes in oil refining, and he too was caught up in the heady excitement.

Rockefeller was among the first to set up refineries in Cleveland in the mid-1860s, when the end of the Civil War signalled a period of unprecedented economic expansion,

Rockefeller brought in new interests, recapitalized his firm, and began to buy out the competition.

Unable to control the price of vital raw materials, Rockefeller decided that the best way to boost his profits was to raise production, so he borrowed money to open a second refinery, the Standard Works. Surveying the refining busi­ness in 1870, the 31-year-old Rockefeller began to think about expanding further. Despite the oil industry's chaos, - Rockefeller had a clear vision of where it was going, and the key role his company could play in it. Following his instincts, he and his associates set out to combine all of Cleveland's refineries into a single firm in order to gain still greater leverage over railroads and crude oil producers. Capitalized at $1 million, Standard Oil eventually grew into a multibillion-dollar enterprise.

Once Standard Oil was established, Rockefeller approached weaker competitors with a simple proposition: join us or face the ravages of heightened competition. By 1870, when he formed the Standard Oil Company of Ohio, Rockefeller owned all of the refineries in his home base.

By the end of 1872, Standard had boosted its capacity sixfold and was refining 10,000 barrels a day. With 80 percent of Cleveland's refining industry under its roof, the company already stood as the nation's largest refining complex.

Standard Oil Company embodied the principle of a twenti­eth century factory - it facilitated a continuous flow of raw -materials through various links in a production chain until it emerged as a finished consumer product.

In the 1890s, Rockefeller, though only in his fifties, essentially removed himself from the daily affairs of the Standard Oil Company. He devoted much of the rest of his life to charity. He endowed the University of Chicago in 1892, and set up a foundation that dispensed millions to education­al and health efforts around the world. Rockefeller died in 1937 at the age of 97. He provided the basis for one of America's greatest philanthropic foundations and serving the needs and desires of others, he improved to a great extent the quality of life for millions of people.