4* Find English equivalents for the following Russian expressions and words:

1. лидер на мировом рынке

2. программное обеспечение

3. Интернет

4. операционная система

5. стимулировать спрос

6. компьютерный фанат

7. язык программирования

8. разработка программного обеспечения

9. ключевой момент

10. непоколебимая уверенность

5* Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.

1. Успех "Майкрософт" состоит в непоколебимой убежденности Гейтса в своих собственных идеях.

2. Гейтс разработал версию языка программирования BASIC для первого микрокомпьютера.

3. У Гейтса были самые важные инструменты, необхо­димые для разработки программного обеспечения: мозги и компьютеры.

4. У Гейтса было все необходимое для компьютерной промышленности: продукт, опыт программирова­ния и предвидение еще больших возможностей.

5. Гейтс пожертвовал гонорар, полученный за обе кни­ги, общественным организациям.

Unit 2. LISTENING

Mary kay ash and walt disney

5* Before you listen to Talk No 1 use Glossary to match the words and expressions below with their definitions.

1. corporate culture

2. full-time

3. launch a company

4. positive reinforcement

5. vertically integrated corporation

6. a single mother

7. self-esteem

8. direct-sales company

9. blind date

10. tenacity

11. corporate structure

12. small-business operator

13. radio personality

14. a record-break­ing year

the feeling that you are some­one who deserves to be liked, respected, and admired a company which sells its pro­ducts directly to retailers the attitudes and beliefs about something that are shared in a particular corporation a person who works for a little company with low turnover and few employees a combination of companies involved in different steps of the same production process a year when highest achieve ments and best results have been achieved

to start a new business, especially one that involves some risk a system of incentives encouraging people to work harder or start new activities

i. a mother who looks after her children on her own, without a husband

j. an arranged meeting between a man and woman who have not met each other before

k. working all the normal work­ing time (i.e. about seven hours a day, five days a week)

1. someone who works for a broadcasting company

m. determination to do something and unwillingness to stop try­ing even when the situation becomes difficult

n. the structure of a corporation

6. Talk No 1 (332 words)

A TV narrator is presenting one of the most successful and popular women of her time, Mary Kay Ash.

Today I am going to tell you about a woman who built the first female corporate culture and who became one of the most successful entrepreneurs in cosmetic business. I am sure you have guessed right, it's Mary Kay Ash.

In 1963, when she was forty-five and when most American women did not hold full-time jobs, Mary Kay launched a direct-sales cosmetics company run by women. From modest origins in a Dallas storefront, Mary Kay Cosmetics grew into a vertically integrated corporation with annual sales of over $950 million. In 1976 it became the first company chaired by a woman to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

Mary Kay was born in 1918 in Hot Wells, Texas. At seven­teen she married Ben Rogers, a local musician and radio per­sonality. The young couple had three children within seven years. Mary Kay found a job with a direct-sales company because it was a good-paying job with flexible hours. When her husband divorced her in 1945 she had to raise her children as a single mother.

In 1963, she decided to form her own direct-sales cosmet­ics company. Mary Kay built a new corporate culture based on the education, participation, and authority of women.

In 1966, she decided to rebuild her personal life. She mar­ried Mel Ash, a businessman whom she had met on a blind date.

In 1972, with several thousand employees and $18 million in sales Mary Kay Cosmetics was one of the nation's largest private employers of women.

Her success is based upon sound business practices com­bined with tenacity and original thinking - about the market place, about corporate structure, and about women themselves.

In 1994, the company celebrated another record-breaking year, one in which sales totaled $850 million. Her company's structure inspired hundreds of thousands of saleswomen to become small-business operators. She encouraged their self-esteem and confi­dence through constant positive reinforcement and material rewards. In one of her books Mary Kay wrote "I believe in the per­sonal touch, because it makes every human feel appreciated."