3*Fill the gaps in the sentences below with the words and expressions from the box. There are two expressions, which you don't need to use.

economies of scale, internal finance, increase efficiency, extending ownership, financial accounts, current income, budgeting, day-to-day expenditure, encounter problems, diversify its product range, external finance, cash flow

1. The management of the business's income and expen­diture is known as the___________of the business.

2. The current expenditure is normally financed from ___________, that is from the money generated from the sale of the business's goods or services.

3. Growth allows the firm to __________________________ and open up new markets.

4. With growth come the benefits of_________________ and a more secure position in the market.

5. A business, which does not develop and grow, will_________________in maintaining its market share.

6. The money that a business generates from its own assets is known as_______________

7. The money received from the injection of funds from outside the business is known as_________________.

8. Attracting people outside the business who are pre­pared to invest money in its future is______________.

9. Financial Accountants are responsible for preparing the ________________________ of the business.

10. Management Accountants are responsible for___________________the business.

4* Find English equivalents for the following Russian expressions and words:

1. текущий доход

2. текущий расход

3. краткосрочные цели

4. основной капитал

5. использование денежных средств

6. денежные ресурсы

7. торговая деятельность

8. повторное инвестирование

9. капиталовложения

10.заем,ссуда

5* Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.

1. Сбор, изложение и оценка финансовой информации являются основными задачами финансового отдела.

2. Финансовые аналитики консультируют по вопро­сам о целесообразности новых инвестиционных про­ектов.

3. Выживание компании и ее рост и развитие тесно

связаны.

4. Повторное инвестирование является очень важным финансовым источником капиталовложения.

5. Финансовые решения зависят как от источников капитала, так и от использования денежных средств.

6. Все фирмы занимают деньги, для того чтобы финан­сировать свою коммерческую деятельность.

Unit 2. LISTENING

PLANNING A NEW BUSINESS

5* Before you listen to Dialogue No 1 use Glossary to match the words below with their definitions.

1. external finance

2. internal finance

3. to take charge over property

4. to exploit

5. short-term loan

6. share capital

7. collateral / security

8. leaseback

9. interest

10. to create

11. reserves

12. to raise money

1. value of the assets of a compa­ny held as shares

2. an amount of money kept for future use

3. an agreement in which you continue to use your property after you sell it, while making regular payments to the new owner

4. to make something exist that did not exist before

5. money that a person or institu­tion such as a bank charges you for lending you money

6. money, provided to run a busi­ness that comes from within the firm

7. an amount of money that you borrow from a bank for a short period of time

8. money, provided to run a busi­ness that comes from outside the firm

9. i. to borrow from a bank, get a loan for some purpose

10. something such as property or other goods used to provide a guarantee for a loan

11. to obtain a legal document by a lender confirming the owner­ship of the property if the bor­rower becomes bankrupt

12. to use something to make a profit

6. Dialogue No 1 (315 words)

Hans and Julia are discussing the possibilities of raising money for extending transport business.

HANS: My transport business in Greece is showing a good profit, I have done rather well in my first year and now I want to expand my business and to set up a limited com­pany in the UK. The problem is I haven't had time to build up any reserves.

JULIA: Do you have to be so dependent on external finance? Can't you finance part of your expansion internally? You said the family business was worth half a million. Can't you get any more out of it? Sell some property? Move some of your assets over here as collateral. Why not get some members of your family in as shareholders?

HANS: I'm afraid that would not be acceptable. I together with my partner, I mean Andrew and I, we want to be inde­pendent of the Greek company. We want to raise nearly £250,000 altogether, and the bank manager is not sure that we can finance such a large sum.

JULIA: Maybe you should agree on equal representation of German and Greek shareholders and in this case you can ask the bank for a short-term loan. I mean a loan from a Greek bank. You can also offer your Greek assets as security for a loan.

HANS: Oh! Well, I'm not sure we can fix it. I need a loan from a UK bank. Maybe some of my trucks, which at the moment are registered in Greece, could be re-registered in the UK? Do you think that might persuade them?

JULIA: You see, you want to raise nearly £ 250,000 altogeth­er, and your share capital will amount to only £40,000 and it is not always easy for a bank to take a charge over property in another country, to say nothing of the fact that the shareholders may object.

HANS: I see, you mean 'a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush'. Maybe you are right and I had better just keep on my family business.