X. Дайте відповіді на питання до тексту.

1. How can a firm reduce the risks associated with exporting?

2. Based on what main principles has 3M built its export success?

3. How can the probability of exporting be increased successfully?

4. What helps foster good relations with the foreign country and can lead to greater market acceptance?

Варіант III

I. Перефразуйте речення, використовуючи Passive Voice. Речення перекладіть.

l. They packed the goods in accordance with the instructions.

2. Under the contract they are to give the Buyers the opportunity to examine the goods in the country of the Sellers.

3. Agents usually send dispatch instructions.

4. We did not discuss the terms of delivery in detail during the talks.

5. I hope we will sign these documents during Mr. Jordan's next visit to our country.

6. We have already sent this offer to our clients for their consideration.

7. The quality of the samples impressed us favorably.

8. We have not told them about the results of the tests.

9. The plant will complete the manufacture of this machine tool in threeweeks.

10. We must settle the problem in the shortest possible time.

II. Перекладіть речення, вживаючи Complex Object Пам'ятайте про деякі особливості вживання інфінітиву.

1. Він очікував, що секретар зарезервує для нього кімнату в готелі.

2. Президент хотів, щоб вони поїхали у відрядження до Києва ?

3. Ми б хотіли, щоб ціни були призначені ф.о.б. Лондон.

4. Постійні покупці не очікували, що ця велика угода буде укладена цього місяця.

5.Вона чула, як її брат говорить з кимось.

6. Я сама бачила, як твій друг ходив по платформі.

7. Інженер бачив, як ящики запакували та повезли на склад.

III. Виправте помилки в реченнях. Зверніть увагу на вживання Possessive Case . Речення перекладіть.

l. What is the address of your friend?

2. London is Great Britain biggest industrial center.

3. I've got a holiday of 3 weeks.

4. Tomorrow meeting has been cancelled.

5. Ours house is smaller than their.

6. This letter isn't my. Is it your?

IV. Перекладіть речення. Зверніть увагу, що деякі іменники вживаються тільки в однині або тільки в множині.

1. Ми отримали деякі відомості про становище на ринку сталі.

2. Ваші успіхи в бізнесі значні.

3. Відсутність новин - добра новина.

4. Хто залишив тут гроші ?

5. Я не люблю фрукти на десерт.

6. Ваші поради завжди корисні.

7. Це необхідно для експорту цих товарів.

8. Скільки коштує цей одяг?

V. Вставте а/аn або the, де потрібно.

1. James was born in … Italy but he lives in … USA now.

2. … Nile is … longest river in … Africa.

3. … Panama Canal joins … Atlantic Ocean and … Pacific Ocean.

4. We have just received … latest issue of “… Chemical Engineering”.

5. “Where are you staying?” – “At … Intercontinental Hotel”.

6. If you sail from … Britain to … Denmark you cross … North Sea.

VI. Спростіть речення, використовуючи Participle II замість підрядних означу вальних. Речення перекладіть.

1. The prices which were quoted by Jones & Sons are not acceptable.

2. The captain informed us of the quantity of wheat which had been loaded in Odessa.

3. The goods which are required by that firm cannot be shipped immediately.

4. The discount which was granted for cash payment is 10 % off the price.

5. A comparison which was made between the two machines showed the most effective one.

6. We are satisfied with the terms of payment which were discussed during the talks.

VII. Поставте розділові запитання до поданих речень.

1. The test must be made in a week.

2. He had to wait for 2 days.

3. There are a lot of models of compressors at the exhibition.

4. You have already looked through the catalogues.

5. I am the chief engineer.

6. He will come to discuss the contract.

7. It didn’t often rain last autumn.

VIII. Підберіть еквіваленти до поданих виразів.

1. в цілому

2. у відповідь на ваш лист

3. обговорювати справу детально

4. подробиці

5. справити враження

6. нічого подібного

7. узнати (пізнати краще)

8. додати до чого-небудь

9. йти прямо вперед

10. прем’єра

11. за рогом

12. ми будемо вдячні (зобов’язані)

13. окремою поштою

14. зв’язатися з

15. називати умови поставки

16. в рекламі говорилoсь

IX. Письмово перекладіть текст:

The Pros and Cons of Countertrade

The main attraction of countertrade is that it can give a firm a way to finance an export deal when other means are not available. Given the problems that many developing nations have in raising the foreign exchange necessary to pay for imports, countertrade may be the only option available when doing business in these countries. Even when countertrade is not the only option for structuring an export transaction, many countries prefer countertrade to cash deals. Thus, if a firm is unwilling to enter a countertrade agreement, it may lose an export opportunity to a competitor that is willing to make a countertrade agreement.

But the drawbacks of countertrade agreements are substantial. Other things being equal, all firms would prefer to be paid in hard currency. Countertrade contracts may involve the exchange of unusable or poor - quality goods that the firm cannot dispose of profitably. For example, a few years ago, one US firm got burned when 50 percent of the television sets it received in a countertrade agreement with Hungary were defective and could not be sold. In addition, even if the goods it receives are of high quality, the firm still needs to dispose of them profitably. To do this, countertrade requires the firm to invest in an in - house trading department dedicated to arranging and managing countertrade deals. This can be expensive and time consuming.

Given these drawbacks, countertrade is most attractive to large, diverse multinational enterprises that can use their worldwide network of contacts to dispose of goods acquired in countertrading. The masters of countertrade are Japan's giant trading firms, the sogo shosha, who use their vast networks of affiliated companies to profitably dispose of goods acquired through countertrade agreements. The trading firm of Mitsui & Company, for example, has about 120 affiliated companies in almost every sector of the manufacturing and service industries. If one of Mitsui's affiliates receives goods in a countertrade agreement that it cannot consume, Mitsui & Company will normally be able to find another affiliate that can profitably use them. Firms affiliated with one of Japan's sogo shosha often have a competitive advantage in countries where countertrade agreements are preferred.

Western firms that are large, diverse, and have a global reach (e.g., General Electric, Philip Morris, and 3M) have similar profit advantages from countertrade agreements. Indeed, 3M has established its own trading company – 3M Global Trading, Inc.--to develop and manage the company's international countertrade programs. Unless there is no alternative, small and mediumsized exporters should probably try to avoid countertrade deals because they lack the worldwide network of operations that may be required to profitably utilize or dispose of goods acquired through them.

(from “Export and Import Financing”)